Universal salvation vs. conditional salvation: Romans 5:18, 1 Corinthians 15:22, 2 Thessalonians 1:9, Matthew 25:46

Winger argues the universalist reading of Romans 5:18 ("one act of righteousness leads to justification for all") and 1 Cor 15:22 ("in Christ all will be made alive") misunderstands the "in Christ" qualifier. The parallel is: everyone is in Adam (universal, no opt-out), but not everyone is in Christ (entered by faith). Paul himself mourns in Romans 9-10 that his kinsmen are not saved, offering to be accursed from Christ if it would bring them to salvation — which he would not do if he believed universalism. 2 Thess 1:9 confirms eternal destruction awaits those outside Christ, and Matt 25:46 affirms eternal punishment alongside eternal life. The same books that contain the universalist-sounding texts explicitly condition salvation on faith in Christ (Romans 10).