Objection to Premise 1: the composition fallacy — just because every part of the universe has a cause doesn't mean the whole does. Response: this misunderstands the argument; it's about a CLASS of things (things that begin to exist), not parts composing a whole.

Cosmic Skeptic (atheist YouTuber) raised this objection. Braxton responds: (1) composition reasoning isn't always fallacious (e.g., each red fence picket → whole fence is red), (2) more importantly, the argument isn't about parts/wholes but about a category — things that begin to exist fundamentally require causes.