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Circumcision The Woman And The Kinsman Redeemer

2008-03-10 debate Cheryl Schatz

In dealing with women in ministry, the question has been asked of me, isn’t circumcision a proof that God only wants men to minister through leading and teaching since God gave the sign of circumcision for males only to his people in the Old Testament. Did God give preferential treatment to males wh

Date: 2008-03-10
URL: https://mmoutreach.org/wim/2008/03/10/circumcision-the-woman-and-the-kinsman-redeemer/


Circumcision, the woman, and the Kinsman Redeemer

In dealing with women in ministry, the question has been asked of me, isn’t circumcision a proof that God only wants men to minister through leading and teaching since God gave the sign of circumcision for males only to his people in the Old Testament?  Did God give preferential treatment to males when he brought them into the Abrahamic covenant in the Old Testament through circumcision?

While some believe that the entrance into the Abrahamic covenant of blessing through circumcision gave preferential treatment for males, the fact is that only the males had a necessary ritual of entrance into the covenant and without this ritual, they were rejected as part of the covenant.  Females entered the covenant without restriction and without rejection.  To understand the reasons why, we need to look at the biblical requirement for circumcision.

Circumcision was performed on babies when they were 8 days old and if the parents did not circumcise their baby boy, the baby was rejected.

Gen 17:14  “But an uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin, that person shall be cut off from his people; he has broken My covenant.”

Circumcision

Who did the circumcision?

It is an interesting fact that babies did not circumcise themselves. Also, the failure of the father to cut off his son’s foreskin would result in that baby being cut off from the people of God.  This means that the physical act of circumcision was done by a father to his son without the son having done anything sinful of his own.  This was a generational sign done to the next generation and then passed on to the following generations.  When Israel disobeyed God in the wilderness for 40 years, one of the ways they disobeyed Him was their failure to circumcise their sons. After the fathers all died in the wilderness, Joshua took the responsibility to circumcise all of the males who were the sons of the disobedient fathers who fell in the desert. Joshua did the circumcisions so that these sons would be included in God’s covenant and enter into the promised land.  The females were allowed to go into the promised land without restriction.

God’s restriction on males

To understand God’s restriction on males and how it relates to the Kinsman Redeemer we need to understand the physical and spiritual sign that God gave as a symbol for sin.  The scriptural symbol for sin is the foreskin of the male.

Sign of physical sin
While only males carried the symbol of sin in their body, both males and females carried the spiritual symbol of sin. God said the spiritual symbol of sin must be cut off to be right with him.

heart sin

Deuteronomy 10:16  So circumcise your heart, and stiffen your neck no longer.

Deuteronomy 30:6  Moreover the LORD your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your descendants, to love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul, so that you may live.

Jeremiah 4:4  “Circumcise yourselves to the LORD And remove the foreskins of your heart, Men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem, Or else My wrath will go forth like fire And burn with none to quench it, Because of the evil of your deeds.”

Spiritual symbol of sin

The spiritual symbol of sin is called the “foreskin” of our heart.  It needs to be cut off from our heart so that we can be right with God.  The Abrahamic covenant focused on the fleshly sign of sin, the fleshly foreskin on the males, the New Covenant in our Lord Jesus focuses on the spiritual sign of sin, the uncircumcised heart.  We must circumcise our heart through repentance by turning away from sin (Deut. 10:16.) However, God himself does the actual work by completely removing our sin (Deut 30:6) and God gives us a new heart.

Ezekiel 36:26  “Moreover, I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; and I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh.

While a female also have a piece of physical skin that will be removed when she is married, her skin of her virginity is a symbol of purity, not a symbol of sin. This is important because the Messiah had to come through a virgin alone and no male would be involved in passing on of the seed of Adam to the Messiah.  The male alone has the physical symbol of sin in his body, so the Messiah’s birth through a virgin woman would produce an untainted, and sinless Messiah with no sin nature.

Sign of righteousness

Circumcision was created to be a sign of righteousness, but it was also created to be something that was done to a person, not something that one does for one self.  Circumcision symbolizes that righteousness does not originate from us but given to us through the grace of God.  Romans 4:11 explains:

Rom 4:11  and he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while uncircumcised, so that he might be the father of all who believe without being circumcised, that righteousness might be credited to them,

Circumcision was a seal of righteousness.  It was a seal, a sign of the cutting off of sin that results in a righteous standing before God.

The physical sign of sin had to be cut off in order for a male to enter God’s Abrahamic covenant.  Only the males carried this sign of sin in their body.  The cutting off of the sign of sin was the seal of righteousness.  It was a sign of the physical, fleshly standing before God.  Abraham received this sign while he was yet uncircumcised. Abraham’s circumcision was God’s work of grace, not a work that Abraham accomplished.  This is why the cutting off of the physical sign of sin was done to babies who could not accomplish this “work” for themselves.

Our inheritance

Why is there a physical sign of sin only on the males when the spiritual sign of sin is on both males and females?  The answer is shown in the sin nature that we all inherit from Adam.  The sin nature comes through the one man, but we add to that our own burden of sin. Because we have a sin nature, and because we ourselves practice our own sin, we are under a double condemnation of sin.

The first condemnation of sin is the sin nature that we have inherited through Adam.

Psalms 51:5  Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, And in sin my mother conceived me.

Psalms 58:3  The wicked are estranged from the womb; These who speak lies go astray from birth.

We all have inherited a sin nature that causes us to sin from a little child onward.  No one needs to teach a child how to lie.  A little child sins naturally because the child is born with a sin nature.  Scripture also says that sin entered the world through one man.  It doesn’t say that it was just corruption and decay that entered the world, but “sin” itself entered the world.

Romans 5:12  Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned—

Notice in this Scripture that the death that came through sin “spread” to all men.  The Greek word that is translated as “spread” is dierchomai and it means to pass through.  How did death pass through all humans?  The literal Greek says:

Romans 5:12  Because of this as even as through one human the sin into the world entered and through the sin the death and thus into all humans the death passed through on which all sinned.

Sin entered the world

It is clear from the literal translation that the sinful rebellion that entered the world is passed through all humans. As a result of having a sin nature, all humans are subject to death. Because we have a sin nature, we ourselves sin.  The Greek says “on which” all sinned.  It is what has been passed through to us, “on which” or on the basis of this, all sin.

Romans 5:14  Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the offense of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come.

We enter the world in a dying body because we have inherited the sin nature from Adam and death follows to all who are descendants of Adam by his seed because these are the ones who were “in” Adam when he sinned.  All of us are the seed of Adam and all of us were there inside him in the form of his seed when he sinned.  It was Adam’s one sin that caused us to start our life as dying beings.  The fact that we enter the world in a body that is susceptible to sickness and death proves that we inherit Adam’s sin nature since death follows sin.  There would be no death if sin didn’t exist first.

Romans 5:15  But the free gift is not like the transgression. For if by the transgression of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many.

Spiritual separation

It wasn’t just that we enter this life in a dying body, we also enter into a fleshly body that has inherited the sin nature. We were created as sinners because of Adam’s sin.  Adam’s sin caused both a physical death and a spiritual separation from God.  The very day that Adam sinned, he was separated from God and kicked out of the garden.  We inherit this separation from God because we were “in” Adam when he sinned.  Romans 5:19 proves that it wasn’t just our death that came as a result of Adam’s sin, but we were made sinners through Adam’s sin:

Romans 5:19  For as through the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the One the many will be made righteous.

How is it through one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners?  “The many” were made sinners because Adam’s sin was spread to us by inheritance.  By the one man’s sin, we inherited his rebellion, and this spread to all of Adam’s offspring, tainting us even in our mother’s womb. We are tainted from the beginning because we are the seed of Adam.  Romans 5:19 makes a strong point that one man’s sin made the many to be sinners.

Only Adam

Scripture also makes it clear that this sin is brought into the world, not by Eve and through her seed, but by Adam.  Scripture also makes it clear that the one who would pay for our sin must be a Kinsman Redeemer belonging to Adam’s line, yet without sin.  Jesus must be the last “Adam” not the last “Eve” or the last “Abraham”.  The one who started the sin must be redeemed by the life and work of the “last” Adam.  The word Redeemer in the Hebrew is “gaal” and it means to act as a redeemer to a deceased kinsman, to redeem or buy back from bondage.  Jesus is that Kinsman Redeemer who buys back from bondage all that was lost by Adam’s sin. For Jesus to be the Redeemer, he must be a perfect sacrifice without sin or blemish.

4 circumcision

Jesus was born from a virgin without having a human father so that he would not have the inherited sin nature that comes through the seed of the man.  Jesus is the only human born who is not a seed of Adam.  Jesus was not in Adam when Adam sinned.  When God showed in his word that the male has the only one who had the physical sign of sin, God was giving the word that the Messiah would not come through the seed of the man. The foreskin is a powerful symbol of sin.  It must be cut off because the foreskin is identified with the sin and rebellion of Adam.

Scripture also tells us that the father can affect the seed within him.

Hebrews 7:9, 10 And, so to speak, through Abraham even Levi, who received tithes, paid tithes, for he was still in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him.

If scripture reveals that the seed within the father can be credited with the act of the father, then the seed within the father can also be credited with the sinful rebellion when Adam fell just as scripture says.  Scripture very clearly says that Adam brought sin into the world.  He brought sin into the world just as surely as Levi paid tithes while he was in his father’s loins.

Why was Jesus born with a foreskin?

If it is true that the male transfers the sin nature of Adam (Adam’s seed) to Adam’s fleshly descendants, then why was Jesus born with a foreskin that needed to be cut off?  The reason that Jesus had a foreskin, is because Jesus had to be made like us in all ways, yet without sin.

Romans 8:3  For what the Law could not do, weak as it was through the flesh, God did: sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and as an offering for sin, He condemned sin in the flesh,

Jesus was sent in the “likeness of sinful flesh”.  What was that “likeness” of sinful flesh?  Jesus was born without inherited sin, but he did have the symbol of sin in his body just as all other men had.  Jesus had a foreskin, and this foreskin had to be cut off in order to fulfill the law.

Although Jesus was without inherited sin because he received his humanity through the woman’s seed alone, Jesus still had to fulfill all of the law on our behalf.  In the same way, although Jesus had no sin of his own, Jesus had to fulfill the law by being baptized.  Baptism symbolizes the washing away of sin by cutting off the foreskin of the heart, yet Jesus had no sin to be washed away and no foreskin of his heart that needed to be cut away.  But because he was to fulfill the entire law on our behalf, Jesus needed to go through each of these acts in order to be identified with us in our sin so that he could be our sin bearer.

The Sin-Bearer

As the sin-bearer of the entire human race, and as the last Adam, Jesus needed to be a descendant of Adam, yet not come through Adam’s tainted seed.  How is that possible?  God bypassed the man’s seed by going through the woman’s seed which had not been tainted with Adam’s sin.  God bypassed the one who brought sin and stain into our lives by going through the very one who had been deceived by Satan.  Click here to read how God did this by reading my article on Adam as head of the family.

Summary

To sum up the importance of circumcision and the importance of cutting off of sin, we need to see that:

  1. Only Adam brought sin into the world.
  2. Adam alone was kicked out of the garden as the one whom God pinpointed as the one who would continue to rebel against God’s rules and eat from the tree that was no longer available to him.
  3. Adam’s seed was not used to bring the Messiah into the world.
  4. Only the males have the physical sign of sin (foreskin)
  5. Death is passed through to each one of us because of Adam’s sin.
  6. The sin nature that we inherit causes us to practice sinning on our own.
  7. Jesus was made in the image of the first Adam and Jesus had a foreskin as the physical sign of sin, although he himself was not sinful.
  8. Entrance into God’s family requires the removal of the foreskin of our hearts, and this is a requirement of both males and females.
  9. We are saved by grace through faith and it is God who removes the symbol of sin from our hearts, and He is the one who makes us clean.

The Holy Spirit’s work in our hearts

As born-again Christians we need to allow the Spirit to do his work in our hearts.  The Jewish nation had the symbol of fleshly circumcision but they resisted God and would not allow God to do the work in their hearts.

Act 7:51  “You men who are stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears are always resisting the Holy Spirit; you are doing just as your fathers did.

What started through Abraham with a fleshly symbol, is now a spiritual symbol of the work that God has done in our hearts.

Rom 2:28  For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, nor is circumcision that which is outward in the flesh.
Rom 2:29  But he is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that which is of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the letter; and his praise is not from men, but from God.

Was the male more important than the female?

In answer to the question about circumcision, this rite of entrance into the Abrahamic covenant was not a lifting up of the male as more important than the female.  Females were not given circumcision because sin does not pass through from the seed of Eve.  The sign of circumcision was God’s finger pointing toward the birth of the Messiah through the seed of the woman. Praise God that he knew a way to bring the Messiah as our kinsman Redeemer without the stain of inherited sin.  Christ and Christ alone was the unblemished lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!

Cheryl 2008-03-11

Lin,
God does test us to see if we will obey and I think Moses was tested until the very end. God did something similar with Balaam where he told him that he could not go with the Midianites to curse Israel. Later when Balaam asked again (why would he even ask God again?) God said that he could go but with the Midianites but he must only say that God gave him to say. God was testing Balaam. Since Balaam was hoping to get some money for his “work” it appears that it took him all of two seconds to get up and go with the men. But God put an angel in the way to kill Balaam and ultimately Balaam was saved through the miracle of a talking donkey who protected Balaam from coming across the path of the angel who would have killed Balaam.

So here we have two examples, one of God’s leader for Israel and another of a “prophet” who were both almost killed and each had a savior provided to keep them from being killed. In Balaam’s case God provided a talking donkey to keep Balaam from going further. In Moses’ case he was on the way to lead Israel when he too encountered a God-ordained appointment with death if he would have gone an further without an obedience to God in what he already knew to be true. He too was saved when his wife obeyed the commandment.

It seems to me that these two instances are about God showing us how serious he is in our obedience and there are consequences for disobedience, yet he also provided a “way of escape” so that he didn’t have to kill the man. It also shows to me that before we take the next “step” of faith in going on with God we need to make sure that we have obeyed God in what he has already told us. The next step of faith is dependent on what we already have revealed to us and we cannot move on until we are obedient to God’s revealed will.

Cheryl 2008-03-11

Paula,
Good points!

Exegetist 2008-03-13

Greg, levity is good. 🙂

Cheryl 2008-03-16

Don,
Thanks for your comments!

Circumcision was a sign of the family progenitor entering into the covenant but this doesn’t mean that a male was need to get into the covenant. The fact is that only males were required to be circumcised, but female slaves and single women did not need a male to be a part of the Abrahamic covenant. This brings up the question of why?

You are right in that it is absolutely true that anyone who is in Christ is part of the Abrahamic family of God. We all had our hearts filled with sin and it is Jesus Christ who removed the foreskin of our hearts. Removing the foreskin was a sign of removing the sin. The question that I was asking is why is the removal of the foreskin a sign of removing of sin? It is because the foreskin is a symbol or sign of sin. If is it true that we all have a spiritual foreskin that needs to be removed off our hearts, we need to also consider why it is that only men have a physical foreskin that needs to be removed that allowed them to come into the family of God in the OT? There was never one woman who was refused entrance because she did not have a male member of her family to bring her into the covenant. The covenant did not have a male mediator who brought the family into the covenant. The covenant was for each person individually. The father could not bring the sons into the covenant even if he was circumcised. The father’s circumcision was not good enough. Each male member had to be circumcised or they were out of the family of God. This is quite a sober warning of God that each son was rejected with or without their father’s own circumcision.

When we see the importance of the cutting off of the foreskin in the males as a sign of passing on of the inheritance of the sin nature, it should cause us to realize why God did not give the promise to Adam of his seed being the Savior and why it was the seed of the woman alone who became our Savior. So many say that the virgin birth is unnecessary but that is not correct. The virgin birth of Jesus has been and continues to be a important part of our faith. Jesus had to be the sinless lamb who was able to take away our sin. He could not have inherited a sin nature in any way and he could not have sinned on his own or he would not qualify to be our Savior.

It is interesting also to note that God rejected a sacrificial lamb that had any physical blemish. It wasn’t just the innocence of the lamb that was required but there there was also a requirement that there be no physical mark or blemish on the lamb in order for them to be a pure sacrifice for sin. Everything that God does is for a reason and each symbol has a meaning. Jesus as the lamb of God had to be physically without blemish (a sin nature inherited by birth would have disqualified him) and internally without blemish (without personal sin). If he failed in either way to be sinless then he could not be our Kinsman Redeemer.

Cheryl 2008-03-17

Don,
Thanks for clarifying what you meant. That was a very thoughtful answer.

Let’s have a look at the physical and spiritual meaning of protection over a sensitive part. First of all we can see that both men and women have a piece of skin that acts as a protection over a sensitive part. While it is fairly rare that women’s skin is removed by circumcision, that is the removing of the skin of protection over her very sensitive part, it is very common in the third world to have a young girl’s entire organ cut out resulting in genital mutilation. If we ignore the mutilation part, we can readily see that it is possible to remove the skin covering the sensitive part on both men and women. Agreed?

We should also be able to agree that removing the foreskin in the flesh is a fleshly act that is spiritualized by removing the foreskin of our hearts. Agreed?

Next I think that we can agree that God only required males to be circumcised in the flesh and there was no such requirement for the females even though females also had a piece of skin that covered their very sensitive part.

Let’s go on next to the spiritual end of the circumcision of the foreskin. Let’s look at Jeremiah 4:4 in the ESV.

Jeremiah 4:4 Circumcise yourselves to the LORD; remove the foreskin of your hearts, O men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem; lest my wrath go forth like fire, and burn with none to quench it, because of the evil of your deeds.”

The key words here are circumcise, foreskin, hearts, wrath, evil, deeds. So what is God saying? One thing that we know for sure is that each one of us has had a foreskin on our hearts. The foreskin of the heart is not limited to males as females also have it. God says that the foreskin on our hearts brings God’s wrath and what we need to have cut away has to do with evil deeds that have something to do with our heart.

Is God saying that we need to remove a piece of skin from our hearts that keeps us from being sensitive or we need to be made tender by the removing of the skin? Jeremiah 4:4 doesn’t appear to be saying this at all. Does God say that his wrath is to go forth like a fire because we are not tender? Or is God saying something else that is far worse? What exactly is it that God says that equates with the foreskin of our heart? Read on to see that God’s anger against us is because of the evil of our deeds. It is the evil that needs to be cut away from our hearts. Evil is sin. The evil of our deeds is the sinful thoughts of our heart that gives birth to sinful deeds.

The next problem I think you would have if you made removing the foreskin to be a symbol of making a person more tender, is explaining why only males are to be made more tender? There is no family mediator in the OT who speaks on his wife’s behalf to God thus answering for her sin. The sacrificial system shows that each person must made a sacrifice acceptable to God for their own sin. There is no required mediator of the family where the man’s circumcision covers other people. In fact it is very clear that a father’s circumcision does not even cover his own son. A circumcised father still will have his son rejected from the people of God if his son is not circumcised.

When I read scripture it is clear that the foreskin of the heart is a symbol of the sin and evil that is in our heart. When the evil and the sin that starts in our hearts is cut off, God says that he will give us a new heart one that follows hard after him. It is our sin that separates us from God and the foreskin is the symbol of that evil and evil is sin.

Don Johnson 2008-03-17

Yes, removing the foreskin is a fleshly act. Yes, there can be ROUGHLY analogous parts in males and females, except the females are smaller. In my way of seeing it, the female MAYBE is ALREADY tender, but the male needed to be made so, in the physical shadow of the spiritual reality. Or perhaps it was just not a good idea to circumcize females when flint cutting tools were the norm. In the spiritual reality, both genders need to be made tender and this was true in the Torah.

Deu 10:16 Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no longer stubborn.
Deu 30:6 And the LORD your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your offspring, so that you will love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live.

And the other 2 refs to heart circumcision:
Jer 4:4 Circumcise yourselves to the LORD; remove the foreskin of your hearts, O men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem; lest my wrath go forth like fire, and burn with none to quench it, because of the evil of your deeds.”
Rom 2:29 But a Jew is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the letter. His praise is not from man but from God.

So I can agree with all these verses and you can, we just see them differently, we explain the metaphor differently. Being a Greek thinker, I used to believe that one should seek for the ONE truth and then try to convince everyone of it. As I become more Hebraic, I realize that on SOME things there are many truths as there are many ways to see it. I try as much as possible for each to find their own truth and let each be. Of course, each should have enough info on context and culture to make an informed decision about what works for them. And always be willing to learn more and change, when more evidence comes in. And of course we all seek to have a relationship with God, who is Truth, capital T.

Cheryl 2008-03-17

Don,
While I can see “tender” is a by-product of circumcision, I think there is a much greater application concerning what is cut off not what is left. This is why I believe very strongly that the scripture’s metaphor for sin is “foreskin”. I would agree with you the unprotected part now having the protection cut off is more open to being tender, but again in my article I am not dealing with the after-effects so much as the part that necessitates it to be cut off. Why must the foreskin be cut off? It can be pushed back and that would also create sensitivity. But scripture doesn’t say to pull back the foreskin but to cut it off. The emphasis is on cutting off what must not be there to be in God’s covenant.

Although I rarely appeal to commentaries because I believe that the Bible is the final say, let me copy a few words from other commentaries showing that the foreskin is indeed identified with sin, corruption, evil, body of sins etc.

John Wesley’s explanatory notes:

Jer 4:4 – Circumcise – Put away your corruptions. Heart – Let it be inward, not outward in the flesh only.

In John Gill’s exposition of the Bible he says:

and take away the foreskins of your heart, ye men of Judah, and inhabitants of Jerusalem; this is the true spiritual circumcision; and they that are possessed of it are the circumcision, the only truly circumcised persons; and they are such who have been pricked to the heart, and thoroughly convinced of sin; who have had the hardness of their hearts removed, and the impurity of it laid open to them; which they have beheld with shame and loathing, and have felt an inward pain on account of it; and who have been enabled to deny themselves, to renounce their own righteousness, and put off the body of the sins of the flesh: and though men are exhorted to do this themselves, yet elsewhere the Lord promises to do it for them, Deu_30:6, and indeed it is purely his own work; or otherwise it could not he called, as it is, “circumcision without hands”, and “whose praise is not of man, but of God”, Col_2:11, and the reason of this exhortation, as before, is to convince those Jews, who were circumcised in the flesh, and rested and gloried in that, that their hearts were not circumcised, and that there was a necessity of it, and they in danger for want of it; as follows:

lest my fury come forth like fire; to which the wrath of God is sometimes compared, Nah_1:6 and is sometimes signified by a furnace and lake of fire, even his eternal wrath and vengeance

Matt Henry’s commentary on the bible says:

(Jer_4:4): “Circumcise yourselves to the Lord, and take away the foreskin of your heart. Mortify the flesh and the lusts of it. Pare off that superfluity of naughtiness which hinders your receiving with meekness the engrafted word, Jam_1:21. Boast not of, and rest not in, the circumcision of the body, for that is but a sign, and will not serve without the thing signified. It is a dedicating sign. …Circumcision is an obligation to keep the law; lay yourselves afresh under that obligation. It is a seal of the righteousness of faith; lay hold then of that righteousness, and so circumcise yourselves to the Lord.”
II. The danger they are threatened with, which they are concerned to avoid. Repent and reform, lest my fury come forth like fire, which it is now ready to do, as that fire which came forth from the Lord and consumed the sacrifices, and which was always kept burning upon the altar and none might quench it; such is God’s wrath against impenitent sinners, because of the evil of their doings.

Jamieson, Faussett and Brown’s commentary says:

Jer 4:4
Remove your natural corruption of heart (Deu_10:16; Deu_30:6; Rom_2:29; Col_2:11).

Keil & Delitzsch Commentary:

“Circumcise you to the Lord” is explained by the next clause: remove the foreskins of your heart. The stress lies in (Hebrew text won’t copy); in this is implied that the circumcision should not be in the flesh merely. In the flesh all Jews were circumcised. If they then are called to circumcise themselves to the Lord, this must be meant spiritually, of the putting away of the spiritual impurity of the heart, i.e., of all that hinders the sanctifying of the heart; see in Deu_10:16. The plur. (Hebrew text won’t copy) is explained by the figurative use of the word, and the reading (Hebrew text won’t copy), presented by some codd., is a correction from Deu_10:16. The foreskins are the evil lusts and longings of the heart.

NET notes:

9 tn Heb “Circumcise yourselves to the LORD and remove the foreskin of your heart.” The translation is again an attempt to bring out the meaning of a metaphor. The mention of the “foreskin of the heart” shows that the passage is obviously metaphorical and involves heart attitude, not an external rite.

The Bible Knowledge Commentary

Jer 4:3-4
Jeremiah then used two metaphors to show the need for repentance. The first metaphor pertained to farming. Just as a farmer does not sow his seed on unplowed ground, so God does not sow His seed of blessing in unrepentant hearts. The men of Judah and… Jerusalem needed to break up the unplowed ground of their hearts through repentance. The second metaphor came from the Jewish practice of circumcision. Circumcision was a sign of being under God’s covenant with Israel (cf. Gen_17:9-14). The men, though circumcised physically, needed to circumcise their hearts so that their inward condition matched their outward profession (cf. Deu_10:16; Deu_30:6; Jer_9:25-26; Rom_2:28-29).
Unless Judah did exercise true repentance — not just outward profession — God’s wrath would be released and would burn like fire against the people. And once God’s wrath was released no one could quench it.

Kerryn 2008-03-26

Hi all
everytime i read about the council of Jerusalem it blows me away.
it really is quite incredibe how they council, on Paul and Barnabas’ encouragement agree to do away with this incredibly significant ritual from the days of Abraham…
what is perhaps even MORE amazing is that a few verses ‘later’ in the next chapter Paul ‘makes’ Timothy get the ‘chop’ (just after he’s fought for Christian’s right to NOT need circumcision physically!) so that the gospel is not hindered….
i’d love to have been a fly on the wall when he sat poor Tim down to give him the ‘bad’ news of what ‘had’ to be done ….

i just think that’s ‘amazing’ – but Paul was all about forwarding the gospel …. i think that this illustration of two opposite ‘practices’ in Ch 15 and 16 of Acts is a warning to us on taking too ‘literally’ specific local actions taken in the early church such as stuff that is discussed in the gender debate… ???

on a purely ‘medical’ note… on my dad’s side, my hubby’s side and my brother in law’s side there have been at least one or two circumcisions done after the age of 10 due to serious infections. God has given me three daughters – so i am thankful it’s a ‘non’ issue for us! but these poor blokes went through circumcision at ages where it was not only painful but very embarrasing… not sure about official stats – but ‘local’ ones seem to be a lot higher than ‘1%’. (based purely on medical, not religious reasons that is!)

God bless you all!

kerryn

Charles 2010-05-18

Cheryl, I learned things about circumcision I never knew, by reading your investigation, and the topic is not a new one to me. I’d like to state that when people see the word “circumcision,” it’s tragic that it could ever appear in any context other than applying to males. It was a refresher to me about the Council of Jerusalem deciding that male converts need not have their foreskins cut off. I am thinking the decision was questionable at least on the basis of sanitation—the Middle East is a hot and arid region, and the foreskin makes cleanliness difficult. A tributary issue is how much skin was removed, and I have read that when Jews in Greece and Rome wanted to conceal their status, they could “lengthen” the remaining skin. That caused their leaders to circumcise more skin, so that no disguising of circumcised status could be accomplished. Main thing I learned is about the foreskin of the penis representing disobedience and sin, so it’s quite logical that God would command it has to be circumcised. I re-read everything and I feel your scholarly views are correct. I feel the church has not had nearly enough to say about circumcision and how important it was in God’s eyes for every male to be submitted to it. The references to women not needing, or having any comparable requirement, are deeply interesting. Who ever heard of the Virgin Mary being circumcised? The fact that Christ had to be circumcised on the 8th day should settle arguments. As to circumcision not being spiritually mandatory today, I feel more comfortable at some distance from that view. I am happy that my mother’s doctor addressed my foreskin by circumcising it. I believe God wants us to be clean physically as well as spiritually; campaigns against circumcision as routine for baby boys are misguided. Pat Robertson said years ago he “could not support a campaign against circumcision,” and medical authorities have well established that cutting off a male’s foreskin, while painful temporarily, confers health benefits for himself and his partner. Bernadine Healy M.D., (a cardiologist) had a nice article in US News & World Report, “Don’t Be Afraid To Circumcise Your Baby Boy.” Jill Stanek, who has a Christian website, says she is an advocate of male circumcision. If males lose sight of the value of circumcision, females should consider it appropriate to remind us. But may I suggest if you re-do the artwork in the “Restriction By Circumcision” illustration, replace the folding utility knife with a scalpel or a Gomco circumcision clamp. Still a very thoughtful—and correct—illustration. Very respectfully yours.

Charles 2010-07-11

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123802256715541879.html Dr. Susan Black chairs the American Academy of Pediatrics task force on infant male circumcision. She says evidence favoring routine circumcision is “very compelling.” AAP will announce recommendation of task force this year. PLEASE write AAP asking that they recommend in favor of circumcision for every baby boy. It’s what they WANT to recommend. They need some moral support!

Charles 2011-03-21

http://classprojects.kenyon.edu/wmns/Wmns36/bloodletting/brisfra.htm This is an interesting commentary on the spirituality of Jewish circumcision and validates what Cheryl says. The foreskin is the physical symbol of sin, remedied by circumcision.

Mark Lyndon 2011-04-14

A “beneficial procedure for health”? “We should all favor circumcision for health purposes”?

You might also want to check out the following:

Canadian Paediatric Society
http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/fn/fn96-01.htm
“Recommendation: Circumcision of newborns should not be routinely performed.”

http://www.caringforkids.cps.ca/pregnancy&babies/circumcision.htm
“Circumcision is a ‘non-therapeutic’ procedure, which means it is not medically necessary.”
“After reviewing the scientific evidence for and against circumcision, the CPS does not recommend routine circumcision for newborn boys. Many paediatricians no longer perform circumcisions.”

Royal Australasian College of Physicians
http://www.racp.edu.au/index.cfm?objectid=65118B16-F145-8B74-236C86100E4E3E8E
“In the absence of evidence of risk of substantial harm, informed parental choice should be respected. Informed parental consent should include the possibility that the ethical principle of autonomy may be better fulfilled by deferring the circumcision to adolescence with the young man consenting on his own behalf.”
(almost all the men responsible for this statement will be circumcised themselves, as the male circumcision rate in Australia in 1950 was about 90%. “Routine” circumcision is now *banned* in public hospitals in Australia in all states except one.)

British Medical Association
http://www.bma.org.uk/ethics/consent_and_capacity/malecircumcision2006.jsp#Circumcisionformedicalpurposes
“to circumcise for therapeutic reasons where medical research has shown other techniques to be at least as effective and less invasive would be unethical and inappropriate.”

The Royal Dutch Medical Association
http://knmg.artsennet.nl/Diensten/knmgpublicaties/KNMGpublicatie/Nontherapeutic-circumcision-of-male-minors-2010.htm
“The official viewpoint of KNMG and other related medical/scientific organisations is that non-therapeutic circumcision of male minors is a violation of children’s rights to autonomy and physical integrity. Contrary to popular belief, circumcision can cause complications – bleeding, infection, urethral stricture and panic attacks are particularly common. KNMG is therefore urging a strong policy of deterrence. KNMG is calling upon doctors to actively and insistently inform parents who are considering the procedure of the absence of medical benefits and the danger of complications.”

Charles 2011-05-07

To address medical misinformation presented by Lyndon, see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2422990/ by Anne Marie Houle MD of Canadian Urological Association for 8 compelling reasons males should be circumcised. As in court proceedings, both sides offer their “expert” witnesses. In this case, one side favors “natural,” the other favors surgical intervention. The fact that God at one time ordered it should suggest something about the medical issues. If immunizations are required, circumcision should be also. It’s derided as “immunization by amputation.” That is factual, so should not be faulted.

Robin Winkel 2011-09-15

http://ugandaradionetwork.com/a/story.php?s=33903

“Several women want the law on male circumcision to ensure that the practice is compulsory.

Susan Akello from Orom sub-county says government should pass a legislation that will compel all men to be circumcised and those who refuse be punished.

Jane Adokorach, a self styled women activist agrees with Akello. Adokorach says women should deny sexual rights to men who are not circumcised. She also proposes a law that will include punitive measures for men who refuse to be circumcised. She says this reduces the rate of infection for men and transfer of the disease to their spouses.”

Read more: http://ugandaradionetwork.com/a/story.php?s=33903#ixzz1Y60By4Dc

Robin Winkel 2012-03-05

Why not contact Brian Morris?

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In dealing with women in ministry, the question has been asked of me, isn’t circumcision a proof that God only wants men to minister through leading and teaching since God gave the sign of circumcision for males only to his people in the Old Testament. Did God give preferential treatment to males wh

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