TL

“The Greek OT is the Septuagint, the translation Paul and the early church would be most familiar with; and thus, contemporary with Paul. By then kephale had taken on the meaning “authority over’.”

The Grudemites want to claim everything is about authority over. To my knowledge kephale was not used in the sense of authority. That had to be supplied with other words.

They erroneously do the same thing with authentein in 1 Tim. 2. They want to claim that by then the strong dominating and injurious meanings of authenteo had settled into the meaning of simple authority over. But of course, if that were really so, Paul would have used exousia, which mean’s authority and would have added ‘over’. While the meaning of authentein had settled some it still carried the strong message of wresting authority from another, more like wrongly dominating.

Sue McCarthy has some good articles about Grudem’s claims on her website. http://powerscourt.blogspot.com/2008/01/index-cbmw-grudem-kephale.html