James 2:21 — 'justified by works when he offered Isaac' uses 'justified' in the vindication sense, not the salvific sense

Mike applies his semantic range argument: when James says Abraham was 'justified by works when he offered Isaac,' the word 'justified' cannot mean 'given salvific righteousness' because Abraham was already saved decades earlier. Therefore 'justified' here means 'proven/validated/vindicated' — Abraham's faith was shown to be real by his action.