Zahnd claims the Bible contradicts itself and that the Psalms/Prophets argue against the Torah — both claims are false
Winger examines Zahnd's step three: neutralizing the Bible's authority by claiming it is not univocal and contains internal theological debates.
Zahnd argues that the Torah, Psalms, and Prophets represent different and conflicting voices on issues like sacrifice and divine violence. His specific claim: David in Psalm 40 and Hosea in Hosea 6:6 are rejecting the Torah's commands regarding animal sacrifice, and Jesus then sides with the Prophets over the Torah. Winger's response: (1) Psalm 23 (also a psalm of David) explicitly affirms burnt sacrifices — so David was not rejecting sacrifice. (2) Psalm 40:6–7 in context (especially as quoted in Hebrews 10:5–10) refers to Christ as the ultimate fulfillment of the sacrificial system, not a rejection of it. God desired obedience over rote sacrifice, but this does not mean sacrifice was invalid — it means Christ would be the final sacrifice. (3) The Hosea 6:6 condemnation of sacrifice is set in a context of Israelites offering sacrifices to false gods (the Baals, 'pillars,' household gods — Hosea 2:13, 3:4). Hosea condemns idolatrous sacrifices, not all sacrifice. Hosea 14 ends with Israel restored and offering rightly to God. Zahnd completely ignores context in both cases.
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