Earliest Jewish polemic presupposes the empty tomb — Matthew 28

Matthew 28 records the Jewish authorities instructing the guards to say the disciples stole the body. Justin Martyr's Dialogue with Trypho (second century) confirms this was still the Jewish polemic in the second century. Crucially, this polemic presupposes the tomb was empty — the Jewish opponents never claimed the body was still in the tomb. They only contested the explanation for why the tomb was empty. This is strong independent evidence that the tomb was indeed found empty.