Romans 13:1 requires submission to governing authorities, but the command to gather (Hebrews 10:25) creates a potential tension during COVID restrictions

Mike's analysis: Hosea 8:4 ("they set up kings, but not through me") is not a formula for rebellion — it describes illegitimate governance, not a permission to disobey. Romans 13:1 applies even to ungodly rulers (Caesar in the first century). However, Hebrews 10:25 commands believers not to forsake gathering. This creates genuine tension. Mike refuses to set a clear tipping point but affirms the conscience of those who feel compelled to gather in defiance, and those who stay home. He treats it as a Romans 14 disputable matter — warns against labeling non-gathering churches as apostate.