Argument 5 — The Problem of Evil (Epicurus) — is genuinely difficult but the logical version has been abandoned by academic atheist philosophers. The dilemma offers a false set of options.

Epicurus' quadrilemma: God is either not omnipotent, malevolent, both, or non-existent. Winger notes this is the logical problem of evil — the claim that God's existence is logically impossible given evil. Clay Jones (philosopher specializing in this): "I don't know even one atheist today who uses the logical problem of evil... the academic atheists. Village atheists use it all the time." The dilemma presents false options — there IS another option: God allows evil temporarily, brings good from it (Romans 8:28), and will eventually end all evil (new heaven and earth). Christianity uniquely offers both an explanation AND a solution to evil. Thor, Buddhism do not offer theodicies.