'God Gave Them Over' — Active Reprobation or Judicial Consequence? (Romans 1:24-28)

Calvinist Claim: Romans 1:24-28 shows God's sovereign decree — He "gives over" whomever He chooses, proving His unconditional sovereignty over salvation and damnation.

The text explicitly states WHY God gave them over — because of their prior rejection. "Because they exchanged the glory of God..." (v. 23); "because they exchanged the truth of God for a lie" (v. 25); "they did not see fit to acknowledge God" (v. 28). This is conditional, not unconditional.
God's prior revelation is universal (vv. 19-20). God made His nature evident to ALL through creation. The "giving over" is a response to those who suppress what was freely given — not a withholding from those never given anything.
"Gave them over" (παρέδωκεν) means to hand someone over to the consequences of their own choices — like a judge handing a convicted criminal to prison. It is not the judge who committed the crime; it is the judge who administers the consequence.
This pattern matches Pharaoh exactly: Pharaoh was stubborn first; God intensified the consequences. The nations suppressed truth first; God withdrew restraint.

Romans 1:19-20 explicitly says God gave them the truth first. "God made it evident to them" and "since the creation of the world His invisible attributes... have been clearly seen." The revelation precedes the suppression.
Suppression requires something to suppress. The very language of "suppressing the truth in unrighteousness" (v. 18) presupposes access to truth. If they never had truth, there is nothing to suppress.
The threefold "gave them over" is progressive judgment, not initial condition. You cannot give someone over to a state they already occupied. The "giving over" marks a transition from one state to a worse one.