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Pulpit sermon 2019-09-01

Women in Ministry - Prof Craig Keener

Paul's letters stand at the centre of the dispute over women's role in church ministry, with each side of the dispute championing texts from the Apostle. How do we understand the text in 1 Corinthians 14 where Paul instructs women to be silent, or the 1 Timothy 2 passage where women are forbidden to teach or exercise authority over men? Are these texts addressing a specific cultural situation or should they be treated as universal prohibitions? Craig Keener delved deeply into the world of Paul and wrestled with these thorny texts in his book [*Paul, Women and Wives: Marriage and Women's Ministry in the Letters of Paul*](/library/25) (Hendrikson, 1992). In a public lecture at Laidlaw's Henderson campus in September 2019, Professor Keener looked at the arguments for both sides of the question: 'are women allowed to be in ministry?', and the approaches various theologians and church traditions have taken throughout the centuries. He gave insights into the culture at the time Paul wrote his letters, and of the way false teachers were targeting women. He notes the importance of considering the original situation of Paul's letters, and that Paul does affirm women's ministry which helps us to see that Paul himself did not prohibit women from teaching the Bible always.

Exodus 15 Numbers 2 Kings 22-23 Women in Ministry Complementarianism egalitarianism
Pulpit research note

Peppiatt's Quotation-Refutation Theory on 1 Corinthians 14:34-35

[Lucy Peppiatt](logosres:LLS:9781498201476;ref=bible.1Co14.34-35) (now [Peppiatt Crawley](logosres:LLS:9781498201476;ref=bible.1Co14.34-35)) argues vv. 34-35 are not Paul's words but the Corinthians'

1 Corinthians 14:34-35
Pulpit research note

Participatory Worship in 1 Corinthians 14:26 — The Structural Gap Brett Overlooked

Pastor Brett correctly identified the status-seeking motive behind the Corinthians' misuse of gifts but did not address the text's own positive vision: broad participatory worship where multiple membe

1 Corinthians 14:26
Pulpit research note

"The Others" (hoi alloi) Judging Prophecy — Discernment Belongs to the Whole Body

In **1 Cor 14:29,** Paul says "let two or three prophets speak, and let the others (*hoi alloi*) weigh what is said." A key interpretive question is whether "the others" refers to a small group of pro

1 Corinthians 14:29
Pulpit research note

Commentary: Eve Quotes God in the Plural — God Spoke to Both

Ardavanis claims Eve "added" the phrase "or touch it" to God's command, implying she garbled what Adam relayed to her. But the Hebrew text reveals something he doesn't address. ### The Singular-to-pl

Genesis 3:2-3
Pulpit research note

Commentary: Adam's Responsibility — Knowledge and Omission, Not Leadership Rank

Ardavanis says: > "God holds Adam responsible... this is Adam's failure to lead. His sin was that he passively followed his wife's leadership." He also says: "We read in **Ro 5:12** that sin entered

1 Timothy 2:13-14
Pulpit research note

Commentary: "The Voice of Your Wife" — Eve Never Spoke to Adam

God tells Adam: "Because you listened to the voice of your wife, and have eaten from the tree..." (**Ge 3:17**). But in the **Ge 3** narrative, Eve never speaks to Adam. She speaks to the serpent (3:1

Genesis 3:17
Pulpit research note

Commentary: Following a Woman Is Not the Problem — The Bible Commends It Repeatedly

Ardavanis says Adam "passively followed his wife's leadership," framing the act of following a woman as itself the failure. She did go first, and yes, he followed without objecting. But Ardavanis miss

Genesis 3:6; Genesis 21:12
Pulpit research note

Commentary: "Desire" in Genesis 3:16 — She Will Want Him Despite His Betrayal

Ardavanis says that Eve's "desire" for her husband (**Ge 3:16**) is not romantic desire, and he prefers the parallel in **Ge 4:7** where sin "desires" to master Cain. But there are two problems with t

Genesis 3:16
Pulpit research note

Commentary: "Counter-Cultural" Is Not a Truth Test — And His View Is Also Cultural

Ardavanis suggests that his complementarian view is counter-cultural, implying that its friction with modern culture validates it. But culture is not how we measure truth. A view being unpopular does

1 Corinthians 14:34-35
Pulpit research note

Faulty Summary of Human History — Kings, Priests, Prophets, Authors

At 11:56, he tries to summarize human history by saying that there were all male kings with one exception, all male priests, all male ongoing prophetic offices, all male authors of scripture and so fo
Pulpit research note

Children's Minister vs. Pastor — The Self-Contradiction

At 13:52, he claims that a pastor is an elder and an elder is a pastor, and says this is why they do not call a children's minister a "children's pastor" — because a pastor is an elder. Words really