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Scripture Commentary article 2025-08-04

Women In Ministry Research Notes

Collection of 22 research notes from Cheryl Schatz's Logos notebook on women in ministry, covering head coverings in 1 Corinthians 11, kephale as source, Genesis creation narratives, Ephesians 5 mutual submission, and Craig Keener's lecture notes on women's ordination.

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Tim 2:11-12 1 Timothy 5:21 Ephesians 5 1 Timothy 2 1 Corinthians 11
Scripture Commentary article 2025-07-26

κεφαλή (kephale) — Logos Clippings (Cheryl Schatz)

A curated collection of Logos Bible Software clippings compiled by Cheryl Schatz examining the Greek word κεφαλή (kephale) and Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh). The clippings draw from lexicons, encyclopedias, commentaries, and academic journals to argue that "source/origin" is the primary metaphorical meaning of kephale rather than "authority/leader," with implications for interpreting 1 Corinthians 11, Ephesians 5, and Colossians 1.

1 Cor. 11:12 1 Cor. 11:8 1 Cor. 1:5 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary article 2024-09-03

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

Comprehensive response to the entire Mike Winger Women in Ministry video series (Parts 1-13)

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2024-06-19

The Debates Over 1 Timothy 2

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the debates over 1 Timothy 2:11-15

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Corinthians 10:11 1 Corinthians 12:1-11 1 Timothy 2 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-10

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: “Women Keep Silent” (1 Cor 14:34–35)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 11 on 'women keep silent' in 1 Corinthians 14:34-35

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Cor. 14:21 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 14 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2023-01-19

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: The Head Covering Debates (1 Cor 11)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 10 on the head covering debates in 1 Corinthians 11

1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 11:11-12 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-25

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Leaders in the New Testament (PART A)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 4 on women leaders in the New Testament (Part A)

1 Cor. 12:1–30 1 Corinthians 1:11 1 Corinthians 1:16 Women in Leadership Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-24

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong With Genesis 1–3: ‘Was Women’s Submission Just A Curse To Be Overturned?’

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 2 on Genesis 1-3 and whether women's submission was just a curse to be overturned

1 Corinthians 11:7-10 1 Corinthians 15:22 1 Corinthians 16:15-16 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2017-06-07

Women in Ministry Silenced or Set Free? Part 3: Head Coverings and Authority - 1 Corinthians 11

[Music] 1 Corinthians 11 has been a difficult chapter throughout church history there are some things that are hard to understand about this passage but using an understanding of the Jewish mindset will help us unravel Paul's reasoning let's start at verse three but I want you to understand that Chr...

1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:16 1 Corinthians 11:5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale Authority & Submission
Scripture Commentary article 2017-06-07

Women in Ministry Silenced or Set Free? Part 4: 1 Timothy 2 Deception & the First Created

[Music] 1 Timothy Chapter 2 has been a difficult passage for Bible interpreters because of several hard to understand verses yet while Paul's reasoning is thought to be somewhat obscure this chapter has been seen by some as the clearest passage that says when women are not allowed to teach or to hav...

1 Timothy 1:13 1 Timothy 2:1 1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2011-12-27

Ephesians 5 Christian Liberty

This post is the essence of the sermon Spirit-Filled Living part 1 by Pastor Darrell Johnson of First Baptist Church, Vancouver, BC, Canada. If you would like to listen to the entire sermon, you can listen to the sermon here

Ecclesiastes 5 Ephesians 5:18 Ephesians 5:21 Ephesians 5 Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2011-06-14

Repost Authority Vs Submission A Biblical View Of Ephesians 522

My original 2010 post crashed because there were too many comments for my blog to handle, so I am putting up this post again so that people can read the article which is no longer available because of the crash. Thanks to one of my readers who asked me to repost

Amos 21 Colossians 11 Colossians 3:18 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2010-06-02

Submission And Origin Of Authority

When is authority given and when can it be rightfully assumed. These are questions that have divided egalitarians and complementarians in the area of marriage

Ephesians 5:21 Ephesians 6:7 Ephesians 6:9 Ephesians 5 Authority & Submission Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2010-05-23

Authority Vs Submission Biblical View

Yesterday I received two polar opposite views of Ephesians 5:22 by email. One was from “NN” who has responded here in the past

Amos 21 Colossians 11 Colossians 3:18 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2009-08-21

John Piper On Submission In Abuse

## John Piper: “What should a wife’s submission to her husband look like if he’s an abuser. ”

Authority & Submission Complementarianism Spiritual Abuse
Scripture Commentary article 2008-06-15

Naming Of Eve From God

This is the third response to the article by Matt Slick called “ Genesis 2, Adam and Eve, and Authority “

1 Tim. 2:12-14 Gen. 3:20 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission Adam & Eve
Scripture Commentary article 2008-06-12

Special Authority To Adam

This is part two of the response to an article by Matt Slick of CARM called “Genesis 2, Adam and Eve, and Authority” found here

Colossians 21 Exodus 18 Genesis 1:27 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission Adam & Eve
Scripture Commentary tweet 2026-03-21

@fab1usger @Crystalisives @TabeStorm @MikeWingerii "the husband does not submit to his wife in the same manner as she does" But how can you substantiate this given the Bible never says this and when we in fact we have statements to the contrary: 1. ...

@fab1usger @Crystalisives @TabeStorm @MikeWingerii "the husband does not submit to his wife in the same manner as she does" But how can you substantiate this given the Bible never says this and when

Eph 5:21 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-10-23

@Nate_Dawg_64 @Toneskeee Yes, but all subject themselves to each other (Eph 5:21). Verse 24 can’t contradict mutual subjection by then saying it’s only one way for wives to husbands. Head means source not authority in NT usage. Christ is also God, a...

@Nate_Dawg_64 @Toneskeee Yes, but all subject themselves to each other (Eph 5:21). Verse 24 can’t contradict mutual subjection by then saying it’s only one way for wives to husbands. Head means sourc

Eph 5:21 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-07-21

ἀλλήλων “each other” in Eph 5:21 is *reciprocal* so it cannot mean one way obedience. If subjection is reciprocal—as is clearly stated in Eph 5:21—then subjection has nothing to do with authority. Assuming this is about hierarchy is a category mist...

ἀλλήλων “each other” in Eph 5:21 is *reciprocal* so it cannot mean one way obedience. If subjection is reciprocal—as is clearly stated in Eph 5:21—then subjection has nothing to do with authority. A

Eph 5:21 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-07-10

@Vitus_oss No, the body of Christ are believers He indwells. “And He put all th

@Vitus_oss No, the body of Christ are believers He indwells. “And He put all things in subjection under His feet, and made Him head over all things to the church, which is His body, the fullness of H

Eph 1:22 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-06-17

@CrossPolitic The thing people have an issue with is when it is made to seem tha

@CrossPolitic The thing people have an issue with is when it is made to seem that subjection is only one way and not mutual. BTW, if 'head' means authority, why isn't it used of leaders? https://t.co

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-06-13

@etdpl Great passage though you should start with verse 21 which speaks of mutua

@etdpl Great passage though you should start with verse 21 which speaks of mutual subjection in the fear of Christ. Do you know what Paul means by calling the husband the head of his wife? What does

commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-06-11

@FNANVG @LionofJudah444 @oliverburdick The church obeys Christ…yes. But when it comes to subjection, this is mutual because it’s not about hierarchy. Jesus doesn’t say that He takes authority over His bride—His authority is for her benefit. She sits ...

@FNANVG @LionofJudah444 @oliverburdick The church obeys Christ…yes. But when it comes to subjection, this is mutual because it’s not about hierarchy. Jesus doesn’t say that He takes authority over His

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-04-30

@path1_one @rightresponsem In the following, I explain Eph 5:22-33 in light of the reciprocity of subjection to one another in v21. I also show how Paul appeals to Philemon to treat Onesimus, his former slave, as Paul himself! Paul appeals rather tha...

@path1_one @rightresponsem In the following, I explain Eph 5:22-33 in light of the reciprocity of subjection to one another in v21. I also show how Paul appeals to Philemon to treat Onesimus, his form

Eph 5:22-33 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-02-28

@PrinceAsbel @dalepartridge Biblical subjection is intended to be a willful plac

@PrinceAsbel @dalepartridge Biblical subjection is intended to be a willful placing of oneself underneath of each other to work for what is best for them and lift them up. It has nothing to do with au

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-02-05

@Keith83361 @Tazorius @smashbaals No, I'm egalitarian (perhaps mutualist is a better term as it emphasizes mutual subjection from Eph 5:21)⎯because I read my Bible. I don't embrace worldly culture. The Bible is not 'affirming' and there are only two...

@Keith83361 @Tazorius @smashbaals No, I'm egalitarian (perhaps mutualist is a better term as it emphasizes mutual subjection from Eph 5:21)⎯because I read my Bible. I don't embrace worldly culture. T

Eph 5:21 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-28

I created a🧵explaining Eph 5:22-33 in light of the reciprocity of subjection to one another in Eph 5:21. I also show how Paul appeals to Philemon to treat Onesimus, his former slave, as Paul himself! Paul appeals rather than commands demonstrating th...

I created a🧵explaining Eph 5:22-33 in light of the reciprocity of subjection to one another in Eph 5:21. I also show how Paul appeals to Philemon to treat Onesimus, his former slave, as Paul himself!

Eph 5:21 Eph 5:22-33 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-27

@IemSparticus @harmonizedgrace So you get to make demands and I’m supposed to write you a 5000 word essay?? This is X. Since you don’t seem able to answer my question about 1Ti 2:12, let’s move on to Eph 5:21 where subjection is *reciprocal*—that me...

@IemSparticus @harmonizedgrace So you get to make demands and I’m supposed to write you a 5000 word essay?? This is X. Since you don’t seem able to answer my question about 1Ti 2:12, let’s move on to

Eph 5:21 1Ti 2:12 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-18

@PatrickHen1776 @mtnhousewife @Jleerockwell You guys seem to see everything as black and white! Egalitarians are in the middle between matriarchy and patriarchy. Feminism is about asserting women’s rights. Egalitarians (or mutualists) are about equa...

@PatrickHen1776 @mtnhousewife @Jleerockwell You guys seem to see everything as black and white! Egalitarians are in the middle between matriarchy and patriarchy. Feminism is about asserting women’s r

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-09

@WayfarerAbdul @harmonizedgrace Col 3:18-19, Tit 2:5 and Eph 5:22-24 all say the

@WayfarerAbdul @harmonizedgrace Col 3:18-19, Tit 2:5 and Eph 5:22-24 all say the same thing—they use hypotasso which is a willing subjection to their husbands. Eph 5:21, the husbands are to also be su

Col 3:18-19 Eph 5:22-24 Eph 5:21 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-06

@ScarletNevermr @rightresponsem Excellent!! the single time that the word author

@ScarletNevermr @rightresponsem Excellent!! the single time that the word authority is used for a husband over his wife it is also used for the wife over her husband! You are demonstrating mutual subj

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-09-20

@TarienCole Well, I agree he wasn’t promoted. I was using this tongue-in-cheek f

@TarienCole Well, I agree he wasn’t promoted. I was using this tongue-in-cheek from a complementarian perspective. Adam was never given the responsibility to rule over Eve. Egalitarian doesn’t encour

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-07-08

@HebronC777 It seems you and those perhaps you have interacted with don’t know what egalitarian teaching is. It is mutual subjection one to another without any gender-based hierarchy. Egalitarians (or a better term ‘mutualists’) treat others as more...

@HebronC777 It seems you and those perhaps you have interacted with don’t know what egalitarian teaching is. It is mutual subjection one to another without any gender-based hierarchy. Egalitarians (o

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-06-18

@slow_down_Jess @cjohnsonn0311 @_AndrewHale Well, again, Eph 5:21 says that the submission or subjection is reciprocal for all in the fear of Christ. If it is reciprocal, then no matter how you cache out the remainder of the chapter, it cannot then ...

@slow_down_Jess @cjohnsonn0311 @_AndrewHale Well, again, Eph 5:21 says that the submission or subjection is reciprocal for all in the fear of Christ. If it is reciprocal, then no matter how you cache

Eph 5:21 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-06-14

@BeardedAcctant @SDungersheim @RuthAmyAllan Yes, subjection is mutual. Do you ne

@BeardedAcctant @SDungersheim @RuthAmyAllan Yes, subjection is mutual. Do you never do what your wife asks? Do you always do what you want and not submit your wants to do what she wants or needs?

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-06-12

@BrandonGra53760 @kodysamnanveth @rofbethany Being subject is not one way the wi

@BrandonGra53760 @kodysamnanveth @rofbethany Being subject is not one way the wife to the husband only. Paul is not contradicting himself when he said it was reciprocal in v21. What he said later ha

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-06-12

@BrandonGra53760 @kodysamnanveth @rofbethany If v21 is reciprocal willing subjec

@BrandonGra53760 @kodysamnanveth @rofbethany If v21 is reciprocal willing subjection, then whatever Paul says in the following verses cannot mean one-way subjection.

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-05-02

@Brandon27614871 @SpecterAndBride @tigereyes1972 Yes, and many thought similar t

@Brandon27614871 @SpecterAndBride @tigereyes1972 Yes, and many thought similar to him. But Luther is not writing scripture and his suggestion women had to veil to show subjection to their husbands is

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-04-29

@PastorRobMonroe @KaeleyT @megbasham If you love your wife like Christ loves the

@PastorRobMonroe @KaeleyT @megbasham If you love your wife like Christ loves the church, you will set aside your desires and serve her needs as more important than your own. Do you do that? This stat

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-22

@Joshbambino If the wife is a member of one and the same body as the husband, th

@Joshbambino If the wife is a member of one and the same body as the husband, then yes, willing mutual subjection is intended. There is no sense of forced obedience to anyone. We even willingly obey

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-02-29

@BogdanOancea77 @JoanBandy Titus 2:4-5 says "...being subject to their own husbands" ⎯ the word used is the same as in Eph 5:21 of mutual subjection one to another. It doesn't mean unquestioning or unwilling obedience, but a willful subjecting onesel...

@BogdanOancea77 @JoanBandy Titus 2:4-5 says "...being subject to their own husbands" ⎯ the word used is the same as in Eph 5:21 of mutual subjection one to another. It doesn't mean unquestioning or un

Eph 5:21 Titus 2:4-5 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-01-13

@jacobawells @haymes_joshua Subjection doesn’t mean being obedient to, though Jesus did what many people asked/requested all the time. He subjected Himself to the disciples to teach them and show them how to behave, such as by washing their feet. H...

@jacobawells @haymes_joshua Subjection doesn’t mean being obedient to, though Jesus did what many people asked/requested all the time. He subjected Himself to the disciples to teach them and show the

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-12-09

@pauldirks @DeeGoingsGirl @KaeleyT The issue is his misunderstanding of what the

@pauldirks @DeeGoingsGirl @KaeleyT The issue is his misunderstanding of what the apostle Paul means by "head" and his complete missing the mark on mutual subjection and servant leadership.

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-12-02

@lastadolphin @Brian_Sauve Interesting. I think men need to lead more, but I don't think that means they need to be in authority over their wives and break every tie in decision making. Egalitarianism is not Matriarchy; it is equality, mutuality an...

@lastadolphin @Brian_Sauve Interesting. I think men need to lead more, but I don't think that means they need to be in authority over their wives and break every tie in decision making. Egalitariani

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-11-25

@t_mo_land @jdenehar Eph 5:21 says "and subject yourselves to one another in the bfear of Christ." This includes husbands subjecting themselves to their wives and pastors to their congregants. The Biblical call is mutual subjection, so whatever the...

@t_mo_land @jdenehar Eph 5:21 says "and subject yourselves to one another in the bfear of Christ." This includes husbands subjecting themselves to their wives and pastors to their congregants. The B

Eph 5:21 commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-10-30

@rbbowman7 @smashbaals The picture in the New Testament of the church is a willing subjection to rather than the idea of obedience (which can often refer to unwilling obedience). The difference is in the will. Our example is in Christ Himself who s...

@rbbowman7 @smashbaals The picture in the New Testament of the church is a willing subjection to rather than the idea of obedience (which can often refer to unwilling obedience). The difference is in

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-06-13

@ymmotrojam @CherylSchatz @brmorris This verse is there because currently the Son has ALL authority and ALL power, but at the point of 1 Cor 15:28, the Father and Son will again share. There is mutual subjection, just as in Ephesians 5:21 we are all...

@ymmotrojam @CherylSchatz @brmorris This verse is there because currently the Son has ALL authority and ALL power, but at the point of 1 Cor 15:28, the Father and Son will again share. There is mutua

Ephesians 5:21 1 Cor 15:28 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-06-12

@brmorris @ymmotrojam @CherylSchatz This will blow your socks off…note in Eph 1:22 that ”God placed ’all things’ under his (Christ’s) feet and appointed Him to be head over everything FOR THE CHURCH.” !! In other words, Christ is over all putting th...

@brmorris @ymmotrojam @CherylSchatz This will blow your socks off…note in Eph 1:22 that ”God placed ’all things’ under his (Christ’s) feet and appointed Him to be head over everything FOR THE CHURCH.”

Eph 1:22 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-06-08

@MikeWingerii I take a different stand based on the Biblical evidence. A good o

@MikeWingerii I take a different stand based on the Biblical evidence. A good overview of the mutual subjection calling (egalitarian but not asserting one’s rights) is well presented by Darrell Johns

debate
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