1 Corinthians 12:28 — 'administrating' (leadership) appears as a gift distinct from the office of teacher

Mike examines another gifts list.

1 Corinthians 12:8-11 — speaking gifts (word of wisdom, word of knowledge, tongues, interpretation) seem available to women by analogy with prophecy

Mike examines another gifts list and finds it would be arbitrary to say women can prophesy but not have other speaking gifts.

1 Corinthians 12:29-30 — Paul's rhetorical questions show not everyone is supposed to teach

Mike cites Paul's own words against the idea that all Christians should have a teaching ministry.

Mike's charitable assessment: he believes Bill Johnson and Kris Vallotton are probably saved, and that real miracles and healings do come from the movement

Mike establishes a baseline of charitable Christian evaluation before critique

Mike clarifies he is not a cessationist and genuinely believes in divine healing, positioning himself as a credible evaluator rather than a skeptic.

Establishing his theological starting point before analyzing the videos.

Mike contrasts the analyzable nature of these healing videos with how he would expect a genuine miracle to look — a genuine healing would be indefensible regardless of analytical scrutiny.

Reflective statement after the Todd White leg-lengthening analysis.

Slow-motion playback of the fifth video confirms the heel of the 'longer' leg moves backward rather than the 'shorter' leg growing forward — the apparent lengthening is caused by the other leg shifting.

Final frame analysis of the fifth healing video.

Q&A: Mike shares his own experience witnessing apparent miracles, including a cancer that disappeared after prayer — while acknowledging the difficulty of definitive verification.

Viewer question from Cas asking if Mike has personally witnessed miracles.

Q&A: 1 Corinthians 13:2 — 'if I have all faith but no love I am nothing' — is this faith + love = salvation?

Viewer question about 1 Corinthians 13 and whether it implies faith plus love for salvation

Distinction between saving faith and faith for miracles — 1 Corinthians 13 is about the latter

Type distinction within the concept of faith

David Hume's argument: miracles are impossible, therefore no testimony can ever establish a miracle

Beginning of the skeptics section; examination of David Hume's philosophical objection

Hume's single exception: he would only accept a miracle if it was the lesser of two competing miracle claims

Further detail on Hume's position from 'An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding'

Bart Ehrman's position: even if miracles happened, historians should not believe them

Examination of Bart Ehrman's approach to the resurrection

In his debate with William Lane Craig, Ehrman granted all five ALIVE facts but denied any historian can postulate miracles

Mike describes the Craig-Ehrman debate on the resurrection

Dan Barker's four reasons to reject the resurrection: problem of history, possible natural explanations, internal Bible contradictions, legendary growth

Overview of Barker's case against the resurrection

Barker's 'problem of history': miracles cannot be established from historical evidence — same Humean presupposition as Ehrman

Mike analyzes Barker's first objection

Sam Harris: no evidence — including multiple contemporaneous eyewitnesses — would be sufficient to establish the resurrection

Examination of Sam Harris's position on miracle claims

Comparison to other miracle claims fails because they don't have equivalent evidence — not all miracle claims are equal

Response to the tu quoque objection: 'You don't believe in other miracle workers, why believe in Jesus?'

Aaron Ra's claim: snakes and donkeys cannot talk — Mike's rebuttal

Ra claims the Bible is factually wrong because snakes and donkeys cannot talk, citing Genesis 3 and Numbers 22

Genesis 30 striped sticks — the Bible doesn't claim the sticks caused the spotted offspring

Ra claims the Bible teaches that looking at striped sticks will cause a cow to conceive spotted calves, proving biblical scientific ignorance

Winger argues 1 Kings 18 (Mount Carmel) supports evidential apologetics: Elijah offered a test and the miracle convinced the people Yahweh is God

Winger's first major Scripture argument; examination of 1 Kings 18

Sye reframes 1 Kings 18: Elijah was not convincing people of something unknown but displaying God's glory to suppressors of truth; the event was judgment, not persuasion

Sye's counter-reading of 1 Kings 18

Winger reads 1 Kings 18:36-37: Elijah prays 'let it be known this day that you are God in Israel' — explicit language of producing knowledge

Winger continues exegeting 1 Kings 18 in support of evidential apologetics

John 5: Jesus gives three evidences for his identity — John the Baptist, his miracles, and OT prophecy; Winger cites this as Jesus using evidential method

Winger's argument from John 5

Why are miracles acceptable as evidence but not other things? Sye: he's a cessationist, so miracles as evidence is tongue-in-cheek — if you believe in miracles today, go do them; otherwise that evidence is unavailable

Audience question on consistency of Sye's position on miracles

Hebrews 2:3-4 — salvation was 'confirmed to us by those who heard him, God also bearing witness with signs and wonders' — miracles as confirming witness to the gospel

Winger's Hebrews 2 argument for miracles as apologetic confirmation

Ehrman opens his classes by describing Apollonius in language deliberately crafted to sound like Jesus — 'divine birth', 'son of God', 'miracles', 'aroused opposition', 'ascended to heaven' — then reveals he was describing Apollonius, creating a psychological shock designed to undermine students' faith before they can evaluate the claim.

The healings attributed to Apollonius are based on his superior insight and knowledge — massage therapy for a dislocated hip, carrying a rabbit around a laboring woman, eating owl eggs to prevent a child from wanting wine. These are presented as natural knowledge, not divine miraculous power. This is not parallel to Jesus commanding 'Lazarus, come forth' or 'stretch out your hand.'

Scholars broadly agree that during his ministry, people viewed Jesus as a miracle worker and exorcist. Even without affirming the miracles themselves occurred, historians confirm this was the contemporary popular perception.

1 Kings 18 — Mount Carmel contest as evidence-based faith: Elijah's challenge to prophets of Baal

Mike's first biblical example demonstrating that God operates through evidence, not blind faith.

John 5:31-38 — Jesus presents three specific evidences for his identity: John the Baptist, miracles, and Scripture

Mike analyzes Jesus's own self-defense in John 5 as a model of evidence-based persuasion.

No other religion has a comparative apologetic to Christianity

Mike makes a comparative religion claim after discussing Christian evidential resources.

Matthew 9:5-7 — Jesus heals the paralytic as evidence of authority to forgive sins

Mike uses Jesus's healing of the paralytic as another instance of miracles functioning as proof.

Hebrews 2:3-4 — signs, wonders, miracles, and gifts of the Holy Spirit as confirmation of the gospel message

Mike's final direct positive scriptural argument that Christianity is evidence-based.

Q&A: Salvation of severely mentally handicapped people — accountability proportional to awareness

Q&A segment begins; first question about soteriological edge cases.

Tim McGrew and Lydia McGrew's paper on miracles and the resurrection as a sophisticated cumulative case for Christianity

Cameron recommends a freely available academic paper

Q&A: Why doesn't God interact visibly today as in Bible times? Mike's answer: miracles were always rare; God interacts spiritually now; the Bible establishes the foundation

Q&A question from "I'm Zen"

David Hume as possible earlier source of the idea behind the slogan

Mike traces the philosophical lineage of the slogan back to the 18th century.

The slogan formalized as a syllogism — and why it fails at premise 4

Mike reconstructs the argument in syllogistic form, attributed to critics of Sagan's argument ("argumentum Sagani").

The prior probability of the resurrection cannot be assessed by counting how many people have naturally risen — category error

Mike drills into the specific error of applying natural-process probability to a theistic miracle claim.

David Hume's confirmation bias: he used the prior improbability of miracles to refuse even examining the evidence

Mike connects Hume's philosophical approach to the confirmation bias critique (Problem 3).

Hume's anti-evidential stance is the philosophical ancestor of New Atheist ridicule tactics

Mike traces the intellectual lineage from Hume to modern internet skepticism.

The cumulative case for the resurrection: what evidence we actually have

Mike assembles the positive evidence for the resurrection after dismantling the slogan's objections.

Peter Williams — Can We Trust the Gospels?

Winger recommends Peter Williams's book as a resource for the general reliability of the Gospels.

Virtual scholarly consensus on historical facts about Jesus: lived in Palestine, believed special relationship with God, performed astonishing deeds, taught in parables, criticized Jewish leaders, crucified under Pilate

Summarizing the bedrock facts about Jesus accepted by virtually all historians including non-Christians

Bart Ehrman is in a small minority who deny Jesus was known as a miracle worker during his lifetime; most scholars disagree

Noting limits and minority positions within the broader consensus

Methodological principle: dismissing miracle claims in historical sources reflects worldview bias, not following the evidence

Responding to the claim that miracle claims in historical sources can be safely dismissed

Audience question: "Consensus holds Jesus existed but was not the Christ of the Gospels" — Licona: that is not a consensus position

Audience Q&A — addressing the claimed scholarly consensus against Gospel accounts

Resource recommendation for documented modern miracles: Craig Keener's two-volume work "Miracles" provides medical/testimonial evidence catalogued by a respected scholar.

Q&A — viewer asks for visible evidence that gifts of healing are active today.

Historical question: sign gifts did not begin at Azusa Street; early church fathers (Justin Martyr, later Augustine) attest to prophecy and miracles continuing post-apostolically.

Q&A — viewer claims modern tongues/gifts stem from the 1906 Azusa Street revival. Winger corrects the historical record.