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All (19) Mike Winger (19)
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Keener's first argument: Paul never elsewhere appeals to 'the apostles' as a group

Mike evaluates and rebuts Keener's first argument.

Romans 16:7 Galatians 2:9 Craig Keener apostolic authority Romans 16:7
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Galatians 2:9 as counterexample to Keener's first argument

Mike argues Paul does appeal to apostles as a group elsewhere.

Galatians 2:9 James John Galatians 2:9 Paul's apostleship James
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Counterargument: 'well-known among the apostles' proves too much given their obscurity

Mike offers a significant rebuttal to the highest-sense reading.

Romans 16:7 Galatians 2 Junia Romans 16:7 Andronicus
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Sonship benefit #3: Justification by faith

Mike identifies the third element Paul associates with sonship.

Galatians 2 Galatians 3:24 Galatians 2 justification by faith Galatians 3:24
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Westfall's 'out-group status' argument: excluding women from eldership communicates they are outsiders

Mike engages Westfall's use of sociological language about out-grouping.

Galatians 2 eldership Galatians 2 Cynthia Long Westfall
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Equivocation in the term 'out-group': from 'not in Christ' to 'not eligible for eldership'

Mike identifies what he sees as a crucial logical fallacy in the egalitarian argument.

Galatians 2 equivocation fallacy Galatians 2 out-group status
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Galatians 2 pushback: Peter's refusal to eat with Gentiles as social discrimination

Mike addresses the strongest egalitarian counter-argument from within Galatians itself.

Galatians 2:11-14 Paul Peter table fellowship
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Peter's withdrawal was about soteriological status, not social discrimination broadly

Mike recontextualizes Galatians 2 to show it supports his reading, not Westfall's.

Galatians 2:11-16 Peter justification by faith Galatians 2:11-16
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Galatians 2 is about being treated as outside Christ, not as second-class citizens within Christ

Mike sharpens the distinction between the egalitarian framing and the actual text.

Galatians 2 Galatians 2 second-class citizenship exclusion from Christ
Mike Winger idea 2018-04-11

Reason 3 refuted: The '41,000 interpretations' claim is a sourcing error; difficulty of some passages ≠ general cryptic nature

The skeptic claims the Bible is cryptic and subject to 41,000 different interpretations, citing a Wikipedia article.

inspiration tests 41000 denominations Christian denominations
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Galatians 2:15-16 — even Jewish believers know that justification is by faith in Christ, not works of the law

Mike adds Galatians to the scriptural case

Galatians 2:15-16 Paul justification works of the law
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-30

Fallacy of negative inference illustrated by Galatians 2:20

Winger uses Galatians 2:20 to illustrate that affirming Christ's death for one person or group does not imply he did not die for others.

Galatians 2:20 limited atonement fallacy of negative inference Galatians 2:20
Mike Winger idea 2019-07-31

Q&A: Adding baptism as a requirement for salvation nullifies grace — Galatians 2:21 parallel

Winger responds to a question about whether requiring baptism for salvation amounts to nullifying grace.

Galatians 2:21 Ephesians 2 salvation grace works
Mike Winger idea 2020-10-02

Mike's anti-Calvinist argument: faith is not a work regardless of its source; the Calvinist objection tries to smuggle faith into the "works" category

Mike's response to the Calvinist framing of faith as a "good work" that requires prior regeneration

Galatians 2 Romans 11:6 Genesis 15:6 Galatians 2 Abraham Romans 11:6
Mike Winger idea 2020-11-06

Paul rebuked Peter publicly in Galatians 2 because his behavior impacted the whole community

Mike shows a biblical precedent for public confrontation of a leader

Galatians 2 Paul Peter Galatians 2
Mike Winger idea 2021-01-15

Paul's conversion is credible because it was Apostolically ratified and his gospel was identical to the Twelve's — Joseph Smith fails both tests

Question from Summer Monsoon about apologetics for Paul's conversion vs. Joseph Smith's claimed vision.

Galatians 2 2 Peter 3:16 Galatians 2 Mormonism Joseph Smith
Mike Winger idea 2021-02-26

Unconfessed sin at death — positional vs. conditional righteousness; in Christ theology

Popham asks if a born-again Christian who dies suddenly with an unconfessed momentary sin (not a lifestyle) goes to hell.

Galatians 2:20 Ephesians 1 in Christ Galatians 2:20 Ephesians 1
Mike Winger idea 2021-03-05

Western churches may not give adequate attention to caring for the poor

Discussing the almsgiving interpretation of Luke 16:9

Galatians 2:10 1 Corinthians 1:26-28 early church care for the poor church responsibility
Mike Winger idea 2025-09-19

PSA + Crucified WITH Christ?: How does the doctrine of Penal Substitutionary Atonement harmonize with us being “crucified with Christ” (Galatians 2: 20, Romans 6:5-6)? The substitution element seems to be missing, and wrath seems confusing if we are to affirm crucifixion with Christ.

Q&A question: PSA + Crucified WITH Christ?

Galatians 2 Romans 6 Galatians 2 atonement Romans 6