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Scripture Commentary article 2024-06-19

The Debates Over 1 Timothy 2

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the debates over 1 Timothy 2:11-15

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Corinthians 10:11 1 Corinthians 12:1-11 1 Timothy 2 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-07-14

@robotcop1984 @sola_chad An elder (pastor) doesn’t need to be married, but if so, then must be monogamous. If not, must advocate for monogamy. An elder doesn’t have to have children, but if so, the child/children should be obedient and believers. Th...

@robotcop1984 @sola_chad An elder (pastor) doesn’t need to be married, but if so, then must be monogamous. If not, must advocate for monogamy. An elder doesn’t have to have children, but if so, the c

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-06-13

@BronWen727104 @lagracelaverite That’s right! μονογαμικός (monogamikos) is a modern Greek term that didn’t exist in NT times. Paul wasn’t describing a married person but one who promoted monogamy and if married was faithful to one wife. Kind of an i...

@BronWen727104 @lagracelaverite That’s right! μονογαμικός (monogamikos) is a modern Greek term that didn’t exist in NT times. Paul wasn’t describing a married person but one who promoted monogamy and

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-06-12

@Gates_of_Derry @colinsmo Someone who advocates for plural marriages is clearly doing something that is not promoted in the New Testament. 1Ti 3:2 can’t mean that an overseer must be married (Paul was single) or male but it certainly means monogamous...

@Gates_of_Derry @colinsmo Someone who advocates for plural marriages is clearly doing something that is not promoted in the New Testament. 1Ti 3:2 can’t mean that an overseer must be married (Paul was

1Ti 3:2 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-05-19

@JoeAdrian256 Paul seems to be suggesting something more deep than being married

@JoeAdrian256 Paul seems to be suggesting something more deep than being married. Something like faithful if married and someone who promotes monogamy all in one statement.

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-05-04

@BytePhantom42 @haymes_joshua The reason Paul uses this language is as an idiom

@BytePhantom42 @haymes_joshua The reason Paul uses this language is as an idiom for both faithful if married and someone who advocates for monogamy. The male form of a phrase or terms is used as the d

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-01-02

Paul’s main concern is the moral character of leaders. The phrase addresses mono

Paul’s main concern is the moral character of leaders. The phrase addresses monogamy and faithfulness to one’s spouse. It does not exclude women but ensures that leaders are above reproach in their re

1Ti 3:1 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-17

@Matthew56193629 @mtnhousewife Yes, you are correct that monogamy and producing

@Matthew56193629 @mtnhousewife Yes, you are correct that monogamy and producing godly offspring is God’s intention for marriage. Paul shows this by requiring monogamy and faithfulness for leaders. Yet

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-27

@kriesese @pastherandie @ronhenzel @smashbaals Paul’s use of that idiom does not mean a married man…else Paul (and Timothy) would be excluded. By the same reasoning, neither is this excluding women. Paul did not say “must not be a woman,” but is sayi...

@kriesese @pastherandie @ronhenzel @smashbaals Paul’s use of that idiom does not mean a married man…else Paul (and Timothy) would be excluded. By the same reasoning, neither is this excluding women. P

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-23

@kgaugelo_N @SupermomShayla God tolerated polygamy in the Old Testament. The clear ideal is monogamy. Polygamy creates problems and marriage to one spouse is hard enough without competition and feeling like your husband has split affections and perha...

@kgaugelo_N @SupermomShayla God tolerated polygamy in the Old Testament. The clear ideal is monogamy. Polygamy creates problems and marriage to one spouse is hard enough without competition and feelin

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-09

@onegospel2021 @NotTheBaptizer @joyklaprade @MikeWingerii It says literally “one wife husband” not “must be a man.” It’s an idiom, faithful to one’s spouse if married and a promoter of monogamy. Paul wasn’t married. So it cannot mean must be married...

@onegospel2021 @NotTheBaptizer @joyklaprade @MikeWingerii It says literally “one wife husband” not “must be a man.” It’s an idiom, faithful to one’s spouse if married and a promoter of monogamy. Paul

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-09

@NotTheBaptizer @joyklaprade @MikeWingerii The scripture doesn’t forbid female pastors. Paul uses no male pronouns but a neutral one, τις meaning anyone or someone. “one wife husband” is an idiom for faithful if married and a promoter of monogamy. No...

@NotTheBaptizer @joyklaprade @MikeWingerii The scripture doesn’t forbid female pastors. Paul uses no male pronouns but a neutral one, τις meaning anyone or someone. “one wife husband” is an idiom for

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-09-21

@heaveniscallin1 @FrMatthewLC 1 Tim 5:9 uses the wording ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή (or one husband wife) though not in the context of leadership. When Paul uses "one wife husband" in 1 Tim 3:2,12 and Titus 1:6, I see this as generic of monogomy but I think t...

@heaveniscallin1 @FrMatthewLC 1 Tim 5:9 uses the wording ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή (or one husband wife) though not in the context of leadership. When Paul uses "one wife husband" in 1 Tim 3:2,12 and Titus 1:

Titus 1:6 1 Tim 3:2 1 Tim 5:9 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-08-15

@muddymothball @blitziod @godlywomanhood You are right that the New Testament mo

@muddymothball @blitziod @godlywomanhood You are right that the New Testament model is monogamy. The term is literally “one wife husband” and “one husband wife” in 1 Tim ch 3 and ch 5.

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-08-11

@JohnHar63885981 @DickSaban1 Paul starts out "Whoever aspires to be an overseer desires a noble task" not "males that aspire" but "whoever" which is the word τις You cannot take a statement about monogamy and then apply "must be male" as Paul says "...

@JohnHar63885981 @DickSaban1 Paul starts out "Whoever aspires to be an overseer desires a noble task" not "males that aspire" but "whoever" which is the word τις You cannot take a statement about mon

debate
Theology verse entry

Psalm 109:8

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Psalm 109:8 apostolate,office,episkope,Matthias,Judas,replacement
Theology verse entry

Acts 1:16-26

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Acts 1:16-26 Judas,betrayal,foreknowledge,sovereignty,prophecy fulfillment,predestination,free will,apostolate,Matthias,Paul,twelve,lot,human initiative
Theology greek term

ἐπισκοπή (episkopē)

office, oversight, supervision

greek
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Jesus taught monogamy. Matthew 19:9 and Mark 10:11-12: divorcing and marrying another = adultery, which wouldn't make sense if polygamy were permitted. 1 Timothy 3:2, 3:12, Titus 1:6: elders/deacons must be husband of one wife — referring to polygamy prohibition. 1 Corinthians 7:2-4: each man his own wife, each woman her own husband — mutual sexual exclusivity eliminates polygamy.

Jesus taught monogamy — against polygamy

1 Timothy 3:2 Matthew 19:9 Mark 10:11-12 1 Timothy 3:2 polygamy polygamy
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Mike on women in ministry: he's complementarian — the highest leadership/preaching/governing role is reserved for men God has called. But he struggles with how to apply this to the wide variety of modern ministry situations. Women can teach; the question is in what contexts. He encourages women to study Scripture carefully and let it guide their choices.

Women in ministry — complementarian but cautious on application

1 Timothy 2:12 women in ministry complementarianism complementarianism
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Matthew 27:46 ("My God, why have you forsaken me?") — Jesus is quoting Psalm 22, which his Jewish audience would mentally load in full. Psalm 22 describes crucifixion in detail (pierced hands/feet, bones out of joint, garments divided, dehydration), then shifts to RESCUE and resurrection, followed by Gentiles from all nations worshipping God. "Forsaken" = given over to suffering and death, NOT Trinitarian separation. The Father/Son cannot ontologically separate without violating God's nature.

My God why have you forsaken me — Psalm 22

Psalm 22 Psalm 22 Matthew 27:46 Psalm 22 Psalm 22 Matthew 27:46
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

The seven letters to churches in Revelation as epochs of church history: Mike is skeptical. Problems: (1) the parallels break down in later letters; (2) church history is too complex to fit neat categories; (3) the mapping changes depending on when you're looking from (1000 AD vs 2000 AD). Better reading: typological — churches and individuals can match any letter at any time.

Revelation letters as church ages — skeptical

Revelation letters to churches Revelation letters to churches church ages view
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Sex before marriage: Paul in 1 Corinthians 7:2 — the solution to sexual immorality is marriage, which means sex outside marriage IS sexual immorality. If premarital sex were acceptable, marriage wouldn't be needed to avoid sexual immorality. Marrying outside the faith: 1 Corinthians 7:39 — free to remarry "only in the Lord." 2 Corinthians 6:14 — unequally yoked.

Sex before marriage and interfaith marriage

1 Corinthians 7:2-4 1 Corinthians 7:39 unequally yoked 1 Corinthians 7:2-4 sex before marriage
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Jesus's omniscience during incarnation: Mike disagrees that Jesus had NO supernatural knowledge while on earth. He knew Nathanael under the fig tree (John 1:48) and "what was in the heart of man" (John 2:25). Philippians 2:5-9: Jesus "emptied himself" — voluntarily limited ACCESS to omniscience while retaining it. Like knowing something but not being able to recall it at will.

Jesus's knowledge during incarnation — kenosis

Philippians 2:5-9 John 1:48 kenosis Philippians 2:5-9 Jesus supernatural knowledge
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Forgiveness: two types. (1) Heart forgiveness — releasing desire for vengeance/punishment — should be given to everyone unconditionally. (2) Relational restoration — actually restoring the relationship — reserved for those who repent, especially in cases of serious offenses. Parallels how God forgives: the cross pays for all sin, but it's not received until one comes with repentance.

Two types of forgiveness

two types of forgiveness heart forgiveness relational restoration
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Does God answer unbelievers' prayers? Mike sees no biblical rule preventing it. Jesus healed people who were apparently unrepentant (John 5:14 — "sin no more lest something worse happen" implies the healed man was still in sin). God may answer unbelievers' prayers to show them he's real — but he's not a get-out-of-jail-free card for those who keep living in rebellion.

God answering unbelievers' prayers

John 5:14 God answering unbelievers John 5:14
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Can you lose salvation if Jesus paid for your sins? Depends on your view of the atonement. Calvinist (limited atonement): Jesus only paid for the elect's sins, so losing salvation would mean he 'unpaid' — impossible. Non-Calvinist (unlimited atonement): Jesus paid for all sins; the APPLICATION is upon those who receive Christ. If someone walks away, it's not that payment was reversed but that they left the relationship.

Losing salvation and the extent of the atonement

perseverance of the saints eternal security eternal security
Mike Winger idea 2020-04-15

Sovereignty of God: God is good, all-knowing, and in ultimate control. Romans 8:28: works all things for good for those who love him. But sovereignty doesn't mean exhaustive divine determinism (God causing every single thing). Job: God allowed Satan's attack but didn't cause it. God is in control of the flow of all things, can stop or allow anything, but humans have real choices.

Sovereignty of God — not determinism

Romans 8:28 free will sovereignty of God free will
Pulpit research note

"If Any Man" — τις Is Gender-Neutral, and 1Ti 3 Does Not Exclude Women

At 14:32, he claims that one of the qualifications for a pastor is "most noticeably" that the elder be a man, which he states is THE consistent pattern of male leadership established in Ge and seen th