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Scripture Commentary article 2025-08-04

Women In Ministry Research Notes

Collection of 22 research notes from Cheryl Schatz's Logos notebook on women in ministry, covering head coverings in 1 Corinthians 11, kephale as source, Genesis creation narratives, Ephesians 5 mutual submission, and Craig Keener's lecture notes on women's ordination.

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Tim 2:11-12 1 Timothy 5:21 Ephesians 5 1 Timothy 2 1 Corinthians 11

Scripture Commentary article 2025-07-26

κεφαλή (kephale) — Logos Clippings (Cheryl Schatz)

A curated collection of Logos Bible Software clippings compiled by Cheryl Schatz examining the Greek word κεφαλή (kephale) and Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh). The clippings draw from lexicons, encyclopedias, commentaries, and academic journals to argue that "source/origin" is the primary metaphorical meaning of kephale rather than "authority/leader," with implications for interpreting 1 Corinthians 11, Ephesians 5, and Colossians 1.

1 Cor. 11:12 1 Cor. 11:8 1 Cor. 1:5 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Genesis & Creation

Scripture Commentary article 2024-09-03

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

Comprehensive response to the entire Mike Winger Women in Ministry video series (Parts 1-13)

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates

Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-09

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Apostles

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 5 on whether women were apostles in the New Testament

1 Corinthians 12:28 1 Corinthians 12:7 1 Corinthians 15:5 Women in Leadership Debates

Scripture Commentary article 2021-04-05

The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus

Gary R. Habermas and Michael R. Licona — Kindle highlights from 'The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus'. 110 highlights.

Colossians 2:9 Phil 3:21 Christology Apologetics Resurrection

Scripture Commentary article 2020-06-02

The Giving Part 2: Judas the Betrayer, a Balanced View of the Sovereignty of God

[Music] the giving is a balanced view of the sovereignty of God God's sovereignty is vitally important for us to know God yet it's God's sovereignty taught as a system of theological thought which can lead to a person reading into the biblical text an outside concept that is foreign to the writers i...

Luke 22:18 Luke 22:21 Luke 22:3 Soteriology Calvinism Atonement

Scripture Commentary article 2019-09-19

Is Free Will “Another” Gospel?

What is the problem? It is common for Calvinists to argue that humanity can’t have free will because free will would necessitate a salvation based on works. Although the Bible does not make this claim, people have been subject to unfair accusations of heresy by overly zealous Calvinists.

2 Corinthians 3:7–9 2 Timothy 2:13 Galatians 1:8–9 Soteriology Calvinism Predestination & Election

Scripture Commentary article 2018-04-20

Was God’s Wrath Satisfied in Christ or Paid in Hell?

Was God’s wrath satisfied in Christ? If so then how can sinners suffer God’s wrath in hell? This question is one that is often asked by Calvinists to those who do not hold to the teaching of Calvinism.

1 Corinthians 2:14 Colossians 1:21 Colossians 3:3 Soteriology Calvinism Atonement

Scripture Commentary article 2018-03-28

What did the death of Jesus do for the world?

The death of Jesus for the world is a delicate question for Calvinists according to John Piper. Piper answers a question from one of his listeners in a post called “ In What Sense Did Jesus Die for the Non-Elect? ” In the audio transcript of an interview Piper says:

2 Timothy 2:13 John 10:16 John 10:17–18 Soteriology Calvinism Atonement

Scripture Commentary article 2018-03-17

Was Our Faith Purchased on the Cross as a Gift?

John Piper’s article “ For Whom did Jesus Taste Death? ” focuses on Piper’s premise that disallows Jesus from being a ransom sacrifice for all people. There are many parts of Piper’s article that I would like to address, but I will deal with them one at a time in individual posts.

1 Corinthians 15:14 1 Corinthians 15:17 1 John 1:9–10 Soteriology Calvinism Atonement

Scripture Commentary article 2018-03-10

No man left behind: Jesus died for all

Did Jesus’ death leave no man left behind that was not covered by His death on the cross? For many Christians who identify as Calvinists, the gospel includes the conclusion that Jesus died only for a select group of people who were predetermined by God before the world was created.

John 5:14–16 Luke 10:31–32 Luke 10:36–37 Soteriology Calvinism Atonement

Scripture Commentary article 2017-12-08

What comes before the Giving? James White and John 6:37

What comes before the giving in John 6:37? Nothing according to Dr. James White on his October 23, 2017 podcast of the Dividing Line Program (segment starts at 1 hr 2 min 30 second mark).

1 Peter 3:15 Acts 10:1 Acts 16:14 Soteriology Calvinism John 6

Scripture Commentary article 2015-05-29

The Historical Jesus of the Gospels

Craig S. Keener — Kindle highlights from 'The Historical Jesus of the Gospels'. 3 highlights.

Biblical Authority Christology Apologetics

Scripture Commentary article 2014-08-10

For this reason – John 6:64-65

For this reason – John 6:64-65. I am jumping ahead in my verse by verse exegesis to John 6:64-65 because these are the verses that give the answer to Jesus’ words in John 6:37, 44-45. I will start with verse 65 first.

John 1:7 John 6:37 John 6:64-65 Soteriology Calvinism John 6

Scripture Commentary article 2014-08-04

Why are people not coming to Jesus?

Dr. James White has stated on his Dividing Line program that he wants to see how I line up the John 6 passage to show why people are not coming to Jesus. This post will summarize my view from my previous verse by verse exposition and tie in reasons for unbelief from the book of John.

1 John 4:6 1 John 5:1 2 Thess 2:10 Soteriology Calvinism John 6

Scripture Commentary article 2013-01-05

Does Matthew conflict with Luke about Judas?

In my post about Judas and the last supper, Colin Maxwell, a Calvinist responded to my post, although not responding on this blog, but on his twitter account @weeCalvin.

Luke 1:1–3 Luke 22:18 Luke 22:20–21 Soteriology Calvinism Judas

Scripture Commentary article 2013-01-03

All who are drawn come to Jesus? John 6:44

In my last post , I showed that Scripture must not be taken out of context by making the word “draw” mean “drag” in John 6:44.

Isaiah 54:13 Isaiah 55:1–3 John 3:16 Soteriology Calvinism John 6

Scripture Commentary article 2012-11-30

Did God hang babies out to dry with the rest of sinning humanity?

My last post on Judas brought up a discussion of Jesus’ words about Judas and what it would have been like for him had he not been born.

James 1:15 Jeremiah 19:4–5 Jeremiah 7:31 Soteriology Calvinism

Scripture Commentary article 2012-11-16

Was John the Baptist predestined to be saved?

In the teaching of Calvinism, there is an election to salvation for some men while the rest of mankind are created without a hope of eternal life. In this understanding God has pre-determined from eternity past that all but the elect would remain in their sin and be lost forever.

Isaiah 40:3 John 1:15 John 1:29 Soteriology Calvinism Predestination & Election

Scripture Commentary article 2012-02-07

Masculine Christianity

This is part 2 of What God intended at creation and it is inspired by a recent lecture given by John Piper where he states that God’s intention for Christianity is for it to have a “ masculine feel “. After discussing John Piper’s Masculine Christianity, I will give my critique of his masculine argu

1 Corinthians 2:1 1 Timothy 2:12 2 Kings 22:3 Ephesians 5 1 Timothy 2 Genesis & Creation

Scripture Commentary article 2012-01-10

Creation Rule

## What did God intend at creation

Genesis 1:26 Isaiah 49:15 Numbers 11:12 Genesis & Creation Headship & Kephale Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2012-01-08

Eph 5 Infected

In my last post, I presented one of the best sermons that I have ever heard on Ephesians 5, regarding the evidence of Spirit-filled lives for both men and women. This post is on the opposite of the Spirit-filled life which is an influx of worldly infection through male-centered pride

Luke 22:25 Ephesians 5 Authority & Submission Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2011-12-26

Our Story

MM Outreach News & Views #98 features our story of adversity through God’s grace. This will help many of you to understand why I am not always fast in answering or posting here on the Women in Ministry blog

Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2011-06-25

Specific Or General Woman

This post will be an expansion on the reasons why I believe that 1 Timothy 2:11-15 is about one specific woman and why a general reference to women does not line up with the grammar within the surrounding context. I will also consider the challenge to my view from the new verbal aspect theory

1 Timothy 1:13 1 Timothy 1:16 1 Timothy 2:10 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2011-06-14

Repost Authority Vs Submission A Biblical View Of Ephesians 522

My original 2010 post crashed because there were too many comments for my blog to handle, so I am putting up this post again so that people can read the article which is no longer available because of the crash. Thanks to one of my readers who asked me to repost

Amos 21 Colossians 11 Colossians 3:18 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale

Scripture Commentary article 2010-05-23

Authority Vs Submission Biblical View

Yesterday I received two polar opposite views of Ephesians 5:22 by email. One was from “NN” who has responded here in the past

Amos 21 Colossians 11 Colossians 3:18 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale

Scripture Commentary article 2010-04-14

T4G Comp Tied To Gospel

The 2010 Together for the Gospel conference is on right now as I write this article. The conference this year is called The Unadjusted Gospel and according to J

Colossians 14:34-35 Ephesians 4:2 Exodus 1 Women in Leadership Complementarianism

Scripture Commentary article 2010-03-21

Eve Usurped Adam Authority

In our continuing topic of common objections to women in ministry, we come to the claim that Eve usurped Adam’s authority when she spoke to the serpent. To deal with this claim, we will be looking at both the claim that Eve rebelled against Adam in the garden and the claim that God gave Adam a respo

Acts 5:1-10 Daniel 6:7 Genesis 1:26 Genesis & Creation Headship & Kephale Adam & Eve

Scripture Commentary article 2010-01-25

Common Objections To Women In Ministry

One of the first objections to women in ministry is the fact that Jesus chose only males as his twelve apostles. If Jesus only chose men for this special “class” of people who were to be His witnesses of the resurrection, then didn’t Jesus show by this act that He does not allow women to minister in

Esther 12 Hosea 12 Isaiah 12 Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2010-01-12

Pastor And Team In Haiti During Earthquake

I have a great concern tonight for my Pastor. Pastor Jim Reimer and two of our worship team along with a group of teens from our local high school flew into Haiti around noon today

Exodus 90 Hebrews 53 Hosea 20 Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2009-12-12

How A Passion For Ministry Almost Cost C Michael Patton His Marriage

Today I read a blog post that really touched my heart because it showed the importance of mutual decision-making instead of unilateral decisions by the husband (the male trump card). I have asked and received permission from Michael Patton to post this on my blog

1Tim. 5:8 Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2009-10-31

Women On Trial

I have just uploaded onto youtube 6 approximately 10-minute clips from my 2006 talk in Pennsylvania at the Witnesses Now for Jesus Conference. I have added the videos below

Complementarianism Spiritual Abuse

Scripture Commentary article 2009-09-30

Neopatriarch Once Again Fails To Refute Cheryl Schatz

## Challenging my position that 1 Timothy 2:15 is a single woman

1 Timothy 2:10 1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:11-12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism

Scripture Commentary article 2009-08-05

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz Discussdebate Women In Ministry 4

## Are Witnesses and Repetition needed to Prove Women may not teach the Bible

1 Corinthians 11:27 1 Corinthians 12:21 1 Corinthians 12:7 1 Timothy 2 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2009-08-03

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz 3

## Is there a Second Witness that forbids Christian women from teaching the Bible to men

1 Peter 3:1 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 3:2 Women in Leadership Debates

Scripture Commentary article 2009-06-14

Woman Called As Missionary Has Regrets

Recently, I received an email from a woman who purchased my 4 DVD set “Women in Ministry Silenced or Set Free. ” and then wrote me about the impact that the DVDs had on her

Ecclesiastes 4 Hebrews 4 Malachi 13 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary article 2009-03-19

Round 2 Interview With Paul

This post is the second one of a simulated interview with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day. While Paul gets to experience life in the 21st century, Doug, a strong complem

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:13 1 Timothy 2:15 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism

Scripture Commentary article 2009-03-16

Interview With The Apostle Paul

This post will be a simulated interview with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day. We are interested in asking Paul his reasons for what he wrote about women and what he thin

1 Corinthians 14:34 1 Timothy 2:12 Hosea 16:2 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership Complementarianism

Scripture Commentary article 2009-03-08

Reaching Unity In The Faith Without Authoritarian Control

The picture above represents not only the “bride” of Christ held back and controlled, but women in the “bride” of Christ held back and controlled. It is a great concern to me that there are many in the body who think that authoritarian control is needed to keep people in line and to keep the unity o

Esther 15 Proverbs 18 Authority & Submission Complementarianism Spiritual Abuse

Scripture Commentary article 2009-02-02

Adam And His Ms Organ

The creation account has been used by many as a foundation to produce myths and stories. While this post will concentrate on modern day myths, it is also helpful to understand some of the historical myths about the creation of male and female

1 Corinthians 11:7 1 Corinthians 11:7-8 1 Corinthians 11:8 Complementarianism

Scripture Commentary article 2008-08-07

Was Eve Mistaken

In our continuing discussions on the fall of man we have dealt with the issue of Adam as guardian of the garden and the charge against Eve that she added to God’s word. In this post I will deal with the position that Eve did not sin by adding to God’s word but she was merely mistaken regarding what

Deuteronomy 12:32 Deuteronomy 4:2 Genesis 1:28 Genesis & Creation Adam & Eve

Scripture Commentary article 2008-07-30

The Case Against Eve

In this continuing look at the creation and fall of man, today we come to the conversation between the woman and the serpent

Deuteronomy 12:32 Deuteronomy 19:15 Deuteronomy 19:16 Genesis & Creation Adam & Eve

Scripture Commentary article 2008-07-20

Adam Eve Fruit Inspectors

In my last post I showed how in Genesis 1:29 God spoke to both the man and the woman directly and told them both what they were given permission to eat. This effectively destroys the argument that Adam was the one delegated to give direction to the woman regarding what she could and couldn’t eat

Genesis 1:29 Genesis 2:16 Genesis 2:9 Genesis & Creation Adam & Eve

Scripture Commentary article 2008-06-19

Was The Man Given Authority To Rule The Woman

This is the fifth and final response to Matt Slick’s article called Genesis 2, Adam and Eve, and Authority

1 Timothy 2:11-15 2 Corinthians 11:3 Genesis 2:16 1 Timothy 2 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission

Scripture Commentary article 2008-06-15

Naming Of Eve From God

This is the third response to the article by Matt Slick called “ Genesis 2, Adam and Eve, and Authority “

1 Tim. 2:12-14 Gen. 3:20 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission Adam & Eve

Scripture Commentary article 2008-06-11

Pauls Ordination

This post is a separation of the post called Is ordination a requirement for a female pastor. since it was brought to my attention that the two streams of thought were too much for one post

Ephesians 4:11 Ephesians 4:7 Ephesians 4:8 Spiritual Gifts

Scripture Commentary article 2008-01-04

From Bobbed Hair Bossy Wives And Women Preachers To Woman Be Free

I am very pleased that Stan Gundry has given me permission to post his story about how he changed his view from a staunch complementarian to an egalitarian. I would also request that if you have a story about your own journey from prejudice to freedom in Christ regarding women in ministry that you e

1 Corinthians 11:5 1 Corinthians 12:7-11 1 Corinthians 7:4 1 Corinthians 11 Women in Leadership Complementarianism

Scripture Commentary article 2007-12-05

Women Teaching Mens Prejudice And Gods Glory

Many complementarians have been so used to hearing what women are not allowed to do in the body of Christ rather than what scripture says women should do as followers of Christ, that the focus has become automatically set to see restrictions when the subject of women in ministry is discussed. With t

1 Peter 2:15 1 Peter 3:10 1 Peter 3:10-12 Women in Leadership Complementarianism 1 Peter 3

Scripture Commentary article 2006-07-02

Wasnt Adam The Only One Given Gods Prohibition In The Garden

> Q: Does the fact that Adam was the only one given God’s prohibition in the garden prove that he was given a role of authority that the women was not given

Genesis 3:3 Proverbs 30:6 Genesis & Creation Adam & Eve