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All (90) Scripture Commentary (20) Theology (60) Mike Winger (10)
Theology verse entry

Romans 9:17-18

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 9:17-18 soteriology,sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,Pharaoh
Theology verse entry

Exodus 7:3

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Exodus 7:3 sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,Pharaoh
Theology verse entry

2 Peter 3:9

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

2 Peter 3:9 soteriology,sovereignty,drawing,Calvinism,provisionism,universal salvific will
Theology verse entry

Isaiah 45:22

Sections: debate_points, exegesis

Isaiah 45:22 soteriology,sovereignty,drawing,Calvinism,provisionism,universal invitation
Theology verse entry

Romans 8:28-30

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 8:28-30 golden chain,foreknowledge,predestination,calling,justification,glorification,soteriology,Calvinist proof text
Theology verse entry

Colossians 1:15-18

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 1:15-18 kephale,head,source,origin,creator,firstborn,preeminence,christology,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Colossians 2:16-19

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 2:16-19 kephale,head,source,nourishment,body,growth,heresy,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Genesis 2:10

Sections: cross_references, exegesis

Genesis 2:10 rosh,headwater,source,rivers,Eden,kephale background,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Joel 2:28-29

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Joel 2:28-29 prophecy,Spirit outpouring,daughters,women prophets,Pentecost,egalitarian,Joel,Acts 2,Peter sermon,last days
Theology verse entry

Philippians 2:5-11

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Philippians 2:5-11 kenosis,incarnation,Christ hymn,self-emptying,EFS,Trinity,morphē theou,equality with God,exaltation
Theology greek term

τεκνογονία (teknogonia)

the childbearing

greek
Theology greek term

διδάσκω (didasko)

to teach

greek
Theology greek term

σῴζω (sozo)

to save

greek
Theology greek term

ὑβριστής (hybristEs)

insolent aggressor / violent transgressor

greek
Theology greek term

ἐπισκοπή (episkopē)

office, oversight, supervision

greek
Theology greek term

κύριος (kyrios)

lord / master / sir

greek
Theology greek term

ἐξουσία (exousia)

authority, right, power

greek
Theology greek term

κεφαλή (kephalē)

head; source/origin; preeminent one

greek
Theology greek term

ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ (arsen kai thely)

male and female (echoing Genesis 1:27 LXX)

greek
Theology greek term

ἕλκω (helkō)

to draw, attract, drag

greek
Theology greek term

διδακτοί (didaktoi)

taught [by God], instructed

greek
Theology greek term

ἐκλέγομαι (eklegomai)

to choose, to elect, to select for oneself

greek
Theology greek term

πᾶς (pas)

all, every, each

greek
Theology greek term

σκληρύνω (sklērunō)

to harden, make stubborn

greek
Theology greek term

ἱλασμός (hilasmos)

propitiation, atoning sacrifice

greek
Theology greek term

ποιμαίνω (poimaino)

to shepherd, to tend a flock, to pastor, to rule

greek
Theology greek term

πρεσβύτερος (presbuteros)

elder, older man; church overseer/leader by seniority

greek
Theology greek term

אִשָּׁה (isha)

woman, wife; taken from man (ish); the female human being

greek
Theology greek term

προφητεύσουσιν (prophēteusousin)

they will prophesy (future active indicative, 3rd plural)

greek
Theology greek term

μορφή (morphē)

form, essential nature (Phil 2:6-7)

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Greek construction difference: 'kai' instead of 'nor' for male and female, alluding to Genesis 1:27

Mike provides grammatical background on the Greek text of Galatians 3:28.

Galatians 3:28 Genesis 1:27 Galatians 3:28 kai Genesis 1:27
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

LEH Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (2003): kephale means 'leader' — no mention of source

Mike surveys the LEH Septuagint lexicon.

kephale Septuagint LEH Septuagint Lexicon
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

kata kephales in verse 4: Septuagint evidence from Esther 6:12 confirms cloth covering

Mike examines another Greek phrase supporting cloth coverings.

Esther 6:12 Septuagint Preston Massie kata kephales
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 15:12-18 -- James's speech: endorses Peter, cites Amos 9 as prophetic basis for Gentile inclusion under God's name. His judgment: do not trouble the Gentiles.

James's speech at Jerusalem Council

James (brother of Jesus) Acts 15:12-19 Amos 9:11-12 James (brother of Jesus) Gentile inclusion Acts 15:12-19
Mike Winger idea 2020-08-28

In the New Testament, "kurios" (Lord) replaces "Yahweh" — this is standard Greek translation convention, reflected in English by small-cap LORD

Question from Zanet about the Mark series — why is "Yahweh" rendered as "kurios" (Lord) in the Greek NT, and whether that changes the meaning.

Mark Mark kurios Yahweh
Mike Winger idea 2021-01-15

The shorter Septuagint Jeremiah vs. the longer Hebrew Masoretic Jeremiah — reasons to trust the longer canonical form

Question from Leor about which version of Jeremiah is correct.

Jeremiah Peter Williams Jeremiah Old Testament canon
Mike Winger idea 2021-04-23

Hebrews 12:6 uses "scourges" (from the Septuagint of Proverbs 3:12) to describe God's fatherly discipline; the intensified language is contextually appropriate fatherly correction, not brutal punishment.

Q6 from Stephanie: Hebrews 12:5-6 quotes Proverbs 3:11-12 but ends with "scourge" — why does it imply God brutally whips every believer?

Hebrews 12:5-6 Proverbs 3:11-12 Septuagint (LXX) Hebrews 12:5-6 Proverbs 3:11-12
Mike Winger idea 2020-06-19

Leviticus 20:10 objection: if adultery = death, how can it be grounds for divorce (the person would be dead)? Four responses: (1) The death penalty wasn't practiced after 30 AD under Roman rule — John 18:31: "it is not lawful for us to put anyone to death." (2) The Mishnah has rules for divorced adulteresses (can't marry their lover) — proving they weren't killed. (3) Adultery was hard to prove (requires 2+ witnesses). (4) Jesus uses porneia (broader than adultery) to include lesser sexual offenses.

Adultery death penalty objection — four rebuttals

Leviticus 20:10 John 18:31 Deuteronomy 24 Leviticus 20:10 John 18:31 Mishnah Yevamot 2:8
Mike Winger idea 2023-02-17

About the Septuagint & Masoretic Text: Is the Greek LXX (Septuagint) considered a flawed copy? The genealogy of Shem adds hundreds of years which is quite significant. Is the Masoretic Text inerrant, or am I misunderstanding inerrancy?

Q&A question: About the Septuagint & Masoretic Text

biblical inerrancy
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

The LXX More Reliable for Typology?: Is the Septuagint more reliable for finding Jesus in the Old Testament? S. Douglas Woodward & others say that messianic passages & timelines in the Masoretic Text were altered in 2nd century to keep Jews from converting to Christianity.

Q&A question: The LXX More Reliable for Typology?

Jesus
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