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Scripture Commentary article 2018-01-04

How does God harden a man’s heart?

How does God harden a man’s heart? We know that God can and does harden hearts because the Bible tells us this, but how and why does God choose to do this? And if all people are created with pre-hardened hearts as some suggest, then why is it necessary for God to harden a man’s heart? Let’s consider...

2 Chronicles 18:18–22 2 Thessalonians 2:9-12 2 Timothy 3:9 Soteriology Calvinism God's Sovereignty
Scripture Commentary article 2009-12-21

First Christmas God Came Through Woman

While many say that women cannot receive from God something that will benefit men (as they believe that all wisdom that God has for humanity must come through the agency of a man) may I remind us today that the Wisdom of God brought God Himself into the world through a woman. The vessel that He used

Colossians 1:27 Colossians 1:28 Colossians 1:29 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary tweet 2026-03-23

@TheModerateCase “…a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness

@TheModerateCase “…a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in; and so all Israel will be saved…” (Ro 11:25-26). Is the church being hardened? Will the c

Ro 11:25-26 question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2026-01-04

@ronhenzel The Israel of the Old Testament in part was the very beginning and origin of the New Testament church. All the apostles are of Israel and at Pentecost many Jews joined the church. In order for salvation to come to the Gentiles there was a ...

@ronhenzel The Israel of the Old Testament in part was the very beginning and origin of the New Testament church. All the apostles are of Israel and at Pentecost many Jews joined the church. In order

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-10-21

@ElifNull @smashbaals In Ro 11, Paul explicitly contrasts Israel and Gentiles throughout: “I am speaking to you who are Gentiles…” (Ro 11:13) “A partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in” (Ro 11:25) If...

@ElifNull @smashbaals In Ro 11, Paul explicitly contrasts Israel and Gentiles throughout: “I am speaking to you who are Gentiles…” (Ro 11:13) “A partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fu

Ro 11:13 Ro 11:25 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-10-20

@smashbaals Hm. So if “all Israel will be saved” does this mean the Church is not saved now? Is the church partially hardened? “For I do not want you, brothers and sisters, to be uninformed of this mystery… that a partial hardening has happened to I...

@smashbaals Hm. So if “all Israel will be saved” does this mean the Church is not saved now? Is the church partially hardened? “For I do not want you, brothers and sisters, to be uninformed of this m

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-10-10

@NPeeSea @rightresponsem Are you 100% certain your view is not? My view comes fr

@NPeeSea @rightresponsem Are you 100% certain your view is not? My view comes from a view of scripture which says that God isn’t done with Israel, that it’s a partial hardening after which God brings

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-01-15

God uses judicial hardening so they will experience the result of their stubborn refusal to believe in order to hopefully bring them back. This is much like church discipline for those who refuse to repent—handing them over to Satan so that they may...

God uses judicial hardening so they will experience the result of their stubborn refusal to believe in order to hopefully bring them back. This is much like church discipline for those who refuse to

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-01-15

@ronhenzel This is judicial hardening so that they will experience the result of their attitude. If this is how they were born, then why would God have to harden them? “And when they disagreed with one another, they began leaving after Paul said on...

@ronhenzel This is judicial hardening so that they will experience the result of their attitude. If this is how they were born, then why would God have to harden them? “And when they disagreed with

debate
Theology verse entry

Romans 9:17-18

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 9:17-18 soteriology,sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,Pharaoh
Theology verse entry

Exodus 7:3

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Exodus 7:3 sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,Pharaoh
Theology verse entry

Romans 1:24-28

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Romans 1:24-28 soteriology,sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,judicial hardening
Theology verse entry

2 Peter 3:9

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

2 Peter 3:9 soteriology,sovereignty,drawing,Calvinism,provisionism,universal salvific will
Theology verse entry

Romans 11:25-36

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Romans 11:25-36 Israel,olive tree,hardening,mercy to all,election,doxology,soteriology
Theology greek term

σκληρύνω (sklērunō)

to harden, make stubborn

greek
Theology greek term

παραδίδωμι (paradidōmi)

to hand over, deliver up, give over

greek
Theology greek term

ἀπώλεια (apōleia)

destruction, perdition, ruin

greek
Mike Winger idea 2018-04-11

Q&A: 'Eyes to see and ears to hear' — does spiritual reception apply to reading Scripture?

Viewer question about whether only the elect can understand the Bible (Calvinist overtones).

eyes to see ears to hear election Calvinism
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Q&A: Can atheists be saved? — Romans 1 and the hardening process of rejecting God

Answering viewer Sarah Beauchamp's question about Barron's statement that even atheists can be saved

Romans 1 Romans 1:18-32 atheism conscience Romans 1
Mike Winger idea 2020-10-17

Divine hardening in John's Gospel as a challenge to Calvinist Total Depravity

Mike argues divine hardening is inconsistent with Total Depravity.

Exodus Gospel of John Calvinism Exodus
Mike Winger idea 2021-01-01

God's hardening of hearts: temporary, judgment-related, not arbitrary — non-Calvinist reading

Continuing Q15 — part about those God hardens, blasphemers, and people in hell

Romans 9 Exodus 4-14 Calvinism free will Romans 9
Mike Winger idea 2021-02-05

The blindness of Israel as a theological theme: Israel had the Messiah in their midst and did not recognize him.

Additional layer of meaning in the Messianic Secret passages.

Christology Messianic Secret Israel's blindness
Mike Winger idea 2020-12-04

Isaiah 6's commissioning does not mean God does not want Israel healed — the prophet's message hardens already-rejecting hearts, and God's overall posture throughout Isaiah is restorative.

Question from V Palumbi about Isaiah 6 and God's apparent unwillingness for the people to return and be healed.

Isaiah 6 Isaiah 1:18 Atonement Isaiah 6 Divine sovereignty and human responsibility
Mike Winger idea 2021-02-26

Romans 11:25-32 — partial hardening of Israel, fullness of the Gentiles, and end-times caution

Trevor T asks about Romans 11:25-32 and whether the rising number of Messianic Jews in Israel signals prophetic fulfillment.

Romans 11:25-32 eschatology Messianic Jews prophetic fulfillment
Mike Winger idea 2021-04-09

Hebrews 6:4-6 — apostasy, hardness of heart, and the possible national Israel interpretation

Question from A.D. Chan about whether Hebrews 6:4-6 applies to Judas and what "falling away" means for someone who has experienced the Spirit.

Romans 11 Hebrews 6:4-6 Romans 11 Judas Iscariot Repentance
Mike Winger idea 2020-08-07

How to do systematic theology: (1) Gather every passage related to a topic. (2) Interpret each passage in its own context. (3) Draw principles/conclusions from each passage. (4) Check that no principles conflict with each other or with any passage. (5) Build the framework from the conclusions, not from a pre-loaded logical structure. Mike front-loads passages, not presuppositions — biblical theology approach over dogmatic theology.

Method for systematic theology

biblical theology systematic theology method biblical theology