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Scripture Commentary article 2025-07-26

κεφαλή (kephale) — Logos Clippings (Cheryl Schatz)

A curated collection of Logos Bible Software clippings compiled by Cheryl Schatz examining the Greek word κεφαλή (kephale) and Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh). The clippings draw from lexicons, encyclopedias, commentaries, and academic journals to argue that "source/origin" is the primary metaphorical meaning of kephale rather than "authority/leader," with implications for interpreting 1 Corinthians 11, Ephesians 5, and Colossians 1.

1 Cor. 11:12 1 Cor. 11:8 1 Cor. 1:5 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary article 2017-12-08

What comes before the Giving? James White and John 6:37

What comes before the giving in John 6:37? Nothing according to Dr. James White on his October 23, 2017 podcast of the Dividing Line Program (segment starts at 1 hr 2 min 30 second mark).

1 Peter 3:15 Acts 10:1 Acts 16:14 Soteriology Calvinism John 6
Scripture Commentary article 2008-09-30

Three Spheres Of Subordination Shrinks To Two

In my last post I pointed to USA Today’s editorial that challenged complementarians who are willing to accept a woman as the Vice President of the country, that they should admit that they are full fledged egalitarians in the realm of society, the workplace and public life

Colossians 11:7-9 Genesis 2:18 Headship & Kephale Trinity Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-08-16

@mtnman22x @ItsRiverShane @rankheresy He's giving Timothy his opinion here because Timothy is a young, single guy who will likely be correcting a man's wife's heresy when the husband wasn't doing anything. But it may be a sticky situation. And you ar...

@mtnman22x @ItsRiverShane @rankheresy He's giving Timothy his opinion here because Timothy is a young, single guy who will likely be correcting a man's wife's heresy when the husband wasn't doing anyt

debate
Theology verse entry

Genesis 2:10

Sections: cross_references, exegesis

Genesis 2:10 rosh,headwater,source,rivers,Eden,kephale background,egalitarian
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

LSJ lexicon (1996 supplement): lists 'source' as possible meaning (for rivers) and 'noblest part' — does not cite any NT passages

Mike arrives at the one lexicon egalitarians rely on most.

kephale LSJ (Liddell-Scott-Jones) source meaning for rivers
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

TDNT (1964): kephale means 'first, supreme, prominent, outstanding, determinative'; acknowledges source for rivers but includes subjection

Mike surveys the Theological Dictionary of the New Testament.

kephale TDNT determinative member
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon (1888): supports 'source' literally for rivers but metaphorical meanings don't apply to Paul

Mike surveys an 1888 lexicon.

kephale Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Lexicon survey conclusion: 15 surveyed, only 3 mention source, none assign source to any NT passage

Mike summarizes his comprehensive lexicon survey.

kephale lexicon survey results source meaning extremely rare
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Grudem's critique of the LSJ: 'source' is literal (rivers only), not metaphorical; plural kephale = sources, singular = mouth of river

Mike presents Grudem's detailed critique of how the LSJ defines source for kephale.

kephale Wayne Grudem LSJ (Liddell-Scott-Jones)
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-21

Q&A — Why didn't God make the Bible's message so clear that everyone interprets it the same way?

Philosophical/theological question about biblical clarity and interpretive diversity

hermeneutics Jesus biblical clarity
Mike Winger idea 2018-04-11

Reason 7 (the 'half reason') addressed: The Bible does contain beautiful poetry; the Judges 19 example is a misrepresentation

The skeptic argues the Bible lacks beautiful, heart-rending poetry and cites Judges 19 (the Levite's concubine) as a counterexample of ugliness.

Genesis 1 Isaiah 53 Song of Solomon Genesis 1 Isaiah 53 Song of Solomon
Mike Winger idea 2019-04-03

2 Corinthians 11:24-28 — Paul's own catalog of sufferings as direct first-person evidence of his willingness to endure persecution for Christ

Paul's own testimony as evidence of sincerity

2 Corinthians 11:24-28 Paul the Apostle apostolic martyrdom apostle sincerity
Mike Winger idea 2019-06-19

The Zeitgeist film and Bill Maher's Religulous cited as catalysts for the modern Jesus myth movement

Identifying pop-culture sources of Jesus mythicism

Jesus mythicism Zeitgeist (film) Religulous (film)
Mike Winger idea 2018-10-31

Mike offers pastoral advice on controlling anger in traffic, recommending a practice of redirecting the impulse to complain into prayer, focusing on controlling one’s own reactions rather than others’ behavior.

Response to viewer asking for counsel on road rage/anger

prayer sanctification pastoral counsel
Mike Winger idea 2021-02-26

Lady Wisdom in Proverbs 8 — typological connection to Christ, not the Holy Spirit

Steven Rivers asks whether Lady Wisdom in Proverbs 8 could be the Holy Spirit and whether Hebrew/Greek pronouns clarify the gender.

Proverbs 8 1 Corinthians 1 typology Holy Spirit Christology
Mike Winger idea 2020-03-04

Q: Is the Book of Mormon right? No. It lacks theology (just a long story), but fails on historical/archaeological claims: horses in pre-Columbian Americas, weapons and materials that didn't exist, no verifiable rivers/mountains/civilizations. Not a single Book of Mormon claim has been archaeologically confirmed, unlike the Bible.

Q&A — Book of Mormon

Mormonism Book of Mormon Mormonism
Mike Winger idea 2020-03-11

"Water under the earth" (Psalm 136:6, Exodus 20:4) = the ocean. Exodus 20:4 prohibits idols of things in heaven, on earth, or in the water under the earth — if this isn't the ocean, then the idol prohibition doesn't cover fish/sea creatures. Psalm 24:2: "founded upon the seas, established upon the rivers" — earth (dry land) is simply above water level.

Water under the earth — the ocean

Exodus 20:4 Psalm 24:1-2 Psalm 136:6 water under the earth Exodus 20:4 Psalm 24:1-2
Mike Winger idea 2020-10-22

Positive evidence FOR gospel reliability: consistent personality of Jesus across Gospels, unexplained allusions (John 7 — Jesus quotes a scripture nobody can identify), unnecessary realistic details, and the absence of realistic fiction as a genre in the first century.

McGrew's positive case for the reportage model

John 7 undesigned coincidences Lydia McGrew John 7
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-15

Does God Control our Free Will?: In Proverbs 21:1 it says, "The king’s heart is in the hand of the Lord. Like the rivers of water He turns it wherever He wishes." Does that mean God controls the king's free will?

Q&A question: Does God Control our Free Will?

free will