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All (951) Scripture Commentary (236) Theology (49) Mike Winger (665) Pulpit (1)
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

The New Testament is a Jewish book written by Jews about the Jewish Messiah

Mike contextualizes the gospel for Ben as a Jewish person

Romans 11 Torah Tanakh Nevi'im
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Romans 4:6-8 — David as second Old Testament example: righteousness apart from works (Psalm 32)

Continuing Romans 4

Romans 4:6-8 Psalm 32:1-2 David imputed righteousness forgiveness
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

John 5:45-47 — if you believed Moses you would believe me: encountering Jesus reveals whether one truly believed Moses

Mike addresses the logical question: what about Ben, who has heard of Jesus but rejected him?

John 5:45-47 revelation Moses parables Torah
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Old Testament pattern: Israel claimed to believe God but rejected his prophets — same dynamic with Messiah

Mike draws an analogy from Israel's prophetic history

Jeremiah Jeremiah Israel Messiah
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Christianity is a Jewish religion; Gentiles are grafted in — not the other way around

Mike speaks directly to the Jewish identity of Christianity

Romans 11 Messianic Judaism grafted in Romans 11
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Summary verdict: the 'good person gospel' is a false gospel that does not save

Mike concludes his main argument

Romans 3:23-24 false gospel sola gratia justification
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Q&A: When did inclusivism/relativism become prevalent in the Catholic Church? Vatican II was deliberately vague

Answering viewer question from Michael Cato

Council of Trent Vatican II inclusivism
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Q&A: Core doctrines vs. peripheral doctrines — spiderweb illustration; Mormonism example

Answering viewer question from Jacob Inglot about when doctrine becomes heresy

Mormonism Christology soteriology
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

James White's point: false religions deny the sufficiency of grace, not the necessity of grace

Mike credits James White for a key apologetic insight

James White Mormonism Jehovah's Witnesses James White
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Ephesians 2:8-9 — saved by grace through faith, not of works; personal story of Catholic friend Tony

Mike illustrates grace alone with a personal anecdote

Ephesians 2:8-9 Ephesians 2:8-9 sola gratia sola fide
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Q&A: On communion — Mike agrees it is more than a symbol but rejects transubstantiation

Answering viewer question about 1 Corinthians and dying from receiving communion wrongly

1 Corinthians 11 1 Corinthians 11 Aristotle transubstantiation
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Q&A: Were Jews chosen as an ethnic or religious group? — ethnic bloodline with a missional purpose

Answering viewer question from T. Kua

Genesis 12:3 Abraham covenant Messiah
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Q&A: What does it mean to believe? — Faith is a choice to trust, not a blind leap

Answering viewer question about the nature of faith vs. fruit

Holy Spirit fruit of the Spirit faith
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Definition of repentance: turning from one direction to another

Brief definition offered in response to a viewer request

repentance faith metanoia
Mike Winger idea 2018-12-19

Q&A: Can atheists be saved? — Romans 1 and the hardening process of rejecting God

Answering viewer Sarah Beauchamp's question about Barron's statement that even atheists can be saved

Romans 1 Romans 1:18-32 atheism conscience Romans 1
Mike Winger idea 2019-01-16

Hebrews 2:3-4 — signs, wonders, miracles, and gifts of the Holy Spirit as confirmation of the gospel message

Mike's final direct positive scriptural argument that Christianity is evidence-based.

Hebrews 2:3-4 evidence-based faith Hebrews 2:3-4 eyewitness testimony
Mike Winger idea 2019-01-23

Call to repentance for those who have had or supported abortions — women were often deceived by dishonest medical language; the gospel offers forgiveness

Closing pastoral appeal

repentance Christian ethics gospel
Mike Winger idea 2019-01-30

Preview of next week: Acts 15 and Pauline passages; warning to Hebrew Roots adherents to separate from those who deny salvation by grace

Closing remarks and preview of future videos in the series.

Acts 15 Acts 15 Hebrew Roots Movement 119 Ministries
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-07

Heresy accusations between Christians: two extremes to avoid

Q&A question about how to handle accusations of heresy between Christian brothers.

secondary issues false teaching gospel
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-13

Planned Gospel of Mark series to cover theology, apologetics, and resurrection debates

Response to viewer question about where the Trinity is in Mark

resurrection Gospel of Mark Trinity in Mark
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-13

Mike's personal testimony: heard the gospel at 12, found relief in forgiveness

Viewer asking about Mike's salvation experience

salvation sanctification forgiveness
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-13

Christians should engage in politics as salt and light; political views must be biblically tested

Viewer asking whether Christians should get involved in politics, referencing Martin Luther King Jr.

Christian worldview abortion Christians and politics
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Introduction: purpose of the stream and why the historicity of the Gospels matters

Mike opens the Tuesday livestream and frames the day's topic as important for faith retention.

Christian apologetics Gospel historicity reasons people leave the faith
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Most Christians assume Gospel eyewitness origins without being able to defend it

Mike identifies a gap in typical Christian preparedness against scholarly skepticism.

eyewitness testimony Gospel historicity apologetics preparedness
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Bart Ehrman's telephone-game argument against Gospel reliability

Mike quotes and plays audio of Bart Ehrman presenting the community tradition / oral telephone-game view of Gospel transmission.

Bart Ehrman community tradition view oral transmission
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

The two competing models: community tradition view vs. oral history view

Mike introduces the framework for the rest of the lecture.

Gospel historicity community tradition view oral history view
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

The Jesus Seminar and the consequence of rejecting eyewitness origins

Mike explains what is at stake if the Gospels are not rooted in eyewitness accounts.

Bart Ehrman Jesus Seminar Son of Man
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Introduction of Papias: Bishop of Hierapolis in the early second century

First major evidence: the testimony and writings of Papias.

Papias Hierapolis early church history
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Vernon Bartlett on Papias's unique geographic position for collecting traditions

Scholarly support for why Papias's location made him a reliable collector of early tradition.

Papias Hierapolis Vernon Bartlett
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Acts 21:8-9 — Philip the Evangelist and his prophesying daughters

Biblical and extra-biblical verification of Philip the Evangelist's daughters as contemporaries of Papias.

Acts 21:8-9 eyewitness testimony Papias early church history
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Papias's key quotation about seeking living witnesses over written sources

The primary Papias text Mike uses to establish the eyewitness-guarantor model.

James John Matthew Peter James John
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Eusebius preserves Papias but personally dislikes him due to eschatology differences

Note on the transmission of Papias's writings and the reliability of Eusebius as a hostile witness.

eschatology Papias Eusebius
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Four categories of worthy sources in Papias's framework

Mike breaks down what Papias considered authoritative sources for Jesus tradition.

Richard Bauckham Papias eyewitness hierarchy
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Richard Bauckham's identification of elders vs. disciples and the function of elders in preserving doctrine

Scholarly framework for understanding Papias's use of "elders."

1 Timothy 1 Richard Bauckham elders (early church) apostolic appointment
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

The significance of seven disciples named in Papias and their consistent ordering with the Gospels

Internal consistency between Papias's disciple list and the Gospel disciple lists.

Papias twelve disciples seven as symbolic number
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Aristion and Elder John as living eyewitnesses still active during Papias's collecting period (~80-90 AD)

Evidence that direct Jesus-eyewitnesses were still alive and teaching during the Gospel-writing period.

Ephesus Richard Bauckham Smyrna
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Main conclusion from Papias: eyewitness guarantors refute the telephone-game model

Core argument against Ehrman's telephone-game analogy using Papias as evidence.

Bart Ehrman community tradition view telephone game analogy
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Ehrman's telephone-game argument as a debate tactic used selectively against less-informed audiences

Mike critiques Ehrman's rhetorical strategy.

Bart Ehrman Mike Licona telephone game analogy
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Ancient historians' three-tiered hierarchy of sources: first-person, interrogated eyewitness, written account

Historical methodology framework used by ancient historians, applied to understanding Papias.

Richard Bauckham Josephus historical method
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

The Greek word for "inquired" (anakrinō/ekzētein) in Papias carries judicial connotation

Greek word study on the term Papias uses for his method of questioning witnesses.

Papias ancient historiography eyewitness interrogation
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Bauckham's interpretation of "living and surviving voice" in Papias — literal, not metaphorical

Clarifying what Papias meant by preferring a "living voice" to written sources.

Richard Bauckham eyewitness testimony Papias
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Bauckham's argument: Papias assumes oral tradition's value depends on derivation from living eyewitnesses

Theoretical implication of Papias's framework for evaluating the community tradition view.

Richard Bauckham Jesus Seminar community tradition view
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

The timing of Gospel writing corresponds to the last generation of living eyewitnesses

Argument that the Gospels were intentionally written when eyewitnesses were dying out.

Matthew Mark Luke Richard Bauckham Matthew Mark
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Luke 1:1-4 — Luke's prologue as an explicit historical/eyewitness methodology statement

Second major line of evidence: the Gospel of Luke's own self-description.

Luke 1:1-4 Luke eyewitness testimony Gospel historicity Luke 1:1-4
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Luke does not criticize prior Gospel narratives; he adds to them with more data

Distinguishing Luke's prologue from other ancient authors who criticize predecessors.

Luke 1:1-4 Luke Josephus Gospel reliability ancient historiography
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

"From the beginning" (ap archēs) eyewitnesses in Luke 1:2 defined by Acts 1:21-22

What Luke means by "from the beginning eyewitnesses."

Luke 1:2 Acts 1:21-22 eyewitness testimony Luke 1:2 Acts 1:21-22
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

John 15: Jesus's own definition of apostolic witness "from the beginning"

Third Gospel parallel to Luke's and Acts's "from the beginning" language.

John 15 Luke 1:2 Acts 1:21 eyewitness testimony John 15 Luke 1:2
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Luke's use of "just as delivered" (kathōs paredosan) emphasizes transmission accuracy

Luke's specific language about accurate transmission of the tradition.

Luke 1:2 Gospel reliability Luke 1:2 paradidōmi
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Introduction of the names-in-the-Gospels phenomenon as historical evidence

Third major line of evidence: the pattern of named vs. unnamed individuals in the Gospels.

Richard Bauckham Gospel historicity named individuals in Gospels
Mike Winger idea 2019-02-20

Bultmann's theory that names were added to Gospels over time — and why it fails

Engaging with the major opposing theory for why names appear in the Gospels.

Richard Bauckham Gospel historicity Jesus and the Eyewitnesses
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