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Scripture Commentary article 2025-07-26

κεφαλή (kephale) — Logos Clippings (Cheryl Schatz)

A curated collection of Logos Bible Software clippings compiled by Cheryl Schatz examining the Greek word κεφαλή (kephale) and Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh). The clippings draw from lexicons, encyclopedias, commentaries, and academic journals to argue that "source/origin" is the primary metaphorical meaning of kephale rather than "authority/leader," with implications for interpreting 1 Corinthians 11, Ephesians 5, and Colossians 1.

1 Cor. 11:12 1 Cor. 11:8 1 Cor. 1:5 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary article 2024-09-03

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

Comprehensive response to the entire Mike Winger Women in Ministry video series (Parts 1-13)

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2024-06-19

The Debates Over 1 Timothy 2

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the debates over 1 Timothy 2:11-15

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Corinthians 10:11 1 Corinthians 12:1-11 1 Timothy 2 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2024-02-07

Why Mike Winger is Wrong About “Authenteō” in 1 Timothy 2:12 – and Why It Matters

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the meaning of authenteō in 1 Timothy 2:12

1 Cor. 7:13 1 Corinthians 12:27-31 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-10

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: “Women Keep Silent” (1 Cor 14:34–35)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 11 on 'women keep silent' in 1 Corinthians 14:34-35

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Cor. 14:21 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 14 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2023-01-19

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: The Head Covering Debates (1 Cor 11)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 10 on the head covering debates in 1 Corinthians 11

1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 11:11-12 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2023-01-17

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Male Headship: Is It Really Biblical?

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 8 on male headship and whether it is really biblical

1 Corinthians 11:3 1 Corinthians 3:16-17 1 Corinthians 6:18-20 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-25

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Leaders in the New Testament (PART A)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 4 on women leaders in the New Testament (Part A)

1 Cor. 12:1–30 1 Corinthians 1:11 1 Corinthians 1:16 Women in Leadership Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-25

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Leaders in the New Testament (PART B)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 4 on women leaders in the New Testament (Part B)

1 Chronicles 29:6 1 Corinthians 12:21 1 Corinthians 15:32 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2021-04-05

The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus

Gary R. Habermas and Michael R. Licona — Kindle highlights from 'The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus'. 110 highlights.

Colossians 2:9 Phil 3:21 Christology Apologetics Resurrection
Scripture Commentary article 2018-04-20

Was God’s Wrath Satisfied in Christ or Paid in Hell?

Was God’s wrath satisfied in Christ? If so then how can sinners suffer God’s wrath in hell? This question is one that is often asked by Calvinists to those who do not hold to the teaching of Calvinism.

1 Corinthians 2:14 Colossians 1:21 Colossians 3:3 Soteriology Calvinism Atonement
Scripture Commentary article 2010-03-26

Sin Nature Through Man

The question has come up on this blog about whether Adam had a sin nature at the fall that would have been passed on to all of us, and if this is an issue that is important regarding women in ministry. After all, we need to know why it is that only Adam would bring sin into the world and if all of u

1 Corinthians 15:22 1 Corinthians 15:45 1 Timothy 1:13 Genesis & Creation Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2010-03-07

Why Was Eve Punished

In our discussions on Genesis, there has been one puzzling question. If Adam alone sinned willfully and the woman fell into sin through deception, then why did God punish Eve so severely for her sin

Colossians 2:15 Genesis 3:14 Genesis 3:15 Genesis & Creation Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2009-12-11

Can A Wifes Authority Be Overruled

## Can a wife’s authority be overruled

1 Corinthians 11:3-16 1 Corinthians 7:1-5 1 Corinthians 7:1-7 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Authority & Submission
Scripture Commentary article 2008-01-20

Gods Woman Is She Needy Of A Representative Priest Part 2

In part one, ( click here to read ) we discussed whether God created the woman as needed or needy. In this continuing discussion we ask whether God has ordained that a woman must have a priest in the home to represent her to God and God to her

1 Peter 3:10 1 Peter 3:11 1 Peter 3:7 Authority & Submission Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2007-12-05

Women Teaching Mens Prejudice And Gods Glory

Many complementarians have been so used to hearing what women are not allowed to do in the body of Christ rather than what scripture says women should do as followers of Christ, that the focus has become automatically set to see restrictions when the subject of women in ministry is discussed. With t

1 Peter 2:15 1 Peter 3:10 1 Peter 3:10-12 Women in Leadership Complementarianism 1 Peter 3
Scripture Commentary article 2007-11-03

Does Head Mean Boss When It Is Connected To The Body

This is the first in a series about marriage and the connection between marriage to women’s gifts in the church

Colossians 2:19 Genesis 2:23 Genesis 2:24 Genesis & Creation Headship & Kephale Spiritual Gifts
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-11-06

@The_Wry_Griot @haymes_joshua What makes you believe pastors are hammers? Proverbs 15:1 - "A soft answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger.” Colossians 4:6 - "Let your speech always be gracious, seasoned with salt, so that you may...

@The_Wry_Griot @haymes_joshua What makes you believe pastors are hammers? Proverbs 15:1 - "A soft answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger.” Colossians 4:6 - "Let your speech alway

Colossians 4:6 Proverbs 15:1 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-07-23

14/23🧵Earlier in chapter 5 Paul noted the sexual immorality among them⎯so this is why he responded the way he does in ch 7. Paul shows how abstaining from things doesn't resolve the problem. See how Paul addresses this issue in the letter to the Co...

14/23🧵Earlier in chapter 5 Paul noted the sexual immorality among them⎯so this is why he responded the way he does in ch 7. Paul shows how abstaining from things doesn't resolve the problem. See how

debate
Theology verse entry

1 Timothy 2:11-15

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Timothy 2:11-15 specific woman,deception,authenteo,grammar,perfect tense,future tense,anaphoric,egalitarian,ephesus,teknogonia,singular plural,historical perfect,verbal aspect,paul as pattern
Theology verse entry

Revelation 2:14

Sections: exegesis, greek_analysis

Revelation 2:14 Balaam false teaching didasko
Theology verse entry

Revelation 2:20

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Revelation 2:20 Jezebel false prophetess didasko
Theology verse entry

1 Peter 3:1-9

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Peter 3:1-9 submission,wives,husbands,Sarah,mutual-honor,egalitarian,context,obedience,intimidation
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 5:18-33

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 5:18-33 mutual submission,kephale,source,marriage,kenosis,Spirit-filled,husbands love,wives submit,egalitarian,hupotasso,allelon,household code,head-body metaphor,agapao,self-sacrifice,great mystery,Christ and church,one flesh
Theology verse entry

Genesis 1:26-28

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Genesis 1:26-28 creation,dominion,co-equal,image of God,male and female,egalitarian,gender roles,imago dei,equality
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 11:10-16

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 11:10-16 exousia,woman authority,angels,interdependence,mutual dependence,egalitarian,hair,covering,creation order,corrective,in the Lord
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 11:2-9

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 11:2-9 kephale,head covering,source,origin,authority,man woman,glory,image,aner gyne,egalitarian,Trinity,hierarchy,husband,wife,creation
Theology verse entry

Genesis 2:21-23

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Genesis 2:21-23 rib,tsela,side,woman from man,equality,egalitarian,creation
Theology verse entry

Romans 16:1-7

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 16:1-7 Phoebe,Junia,deacon,apostle,prostatis,patron,women leaders,egalitarian,episemos,women apostles
Theology verse entry

Colossians 3:9-10

Sections: exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 3:9-10 old man,new self,sin nature,circumcision of heart,renewal,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Genesis 3:14-19

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Genesis 3:14-19 fall,curse,consequences,serpent,Eve,Adam,pain,thorns,death,not prescriptive,protoevangelium,seed of the woman,Messiah,teknogonia,desire,rule,teshuqah,mashal,egalitarian,complementarian,patriarchy
Theology verse entry

Colossians 3:18-19

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 3:18-19 household code,submission,love,fitting in the Lord,mutual obligation,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 14:33-37

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 14:33-37 interpolation,textual criticism,silence,quotation,Western text,women speaking,women silent,Corinthian quotation,oral law,Pharisees,rhetorical refutation,eta particle,women in ministry,egalitarian,complementarian debate
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 14:26

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 14:26 universal participation,worship,gifts,edification,no gender restriction,each one
Theology verse entry

Colossians 1:15-18

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 1:15-18 kephale,head,source,origin,creator,firstborn,preeminence,christology,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Colossians 2:16-19

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 2:16-19 kephale,head,source,nourishment,body,growth,heresy,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Genesis 2:10

Sections: cross_references, exegesis

Genesis 2:10 rosh,headwater,source,rivers,Eden,kephale background,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 15:28

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 15:28 eschatology,subjection,Son,Trinity,EFS,mediatorial kingdom,subordinationism,hypotasso
Theology verse entry

Philippians 2:5-11

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Philippians 2:5-11 kenosis,incarnation,Christ hymn,self-emptying,EFS,Trinity,morphē theou,equality with God,exaltation
Theology verse entry

John 17:5

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

John 17:5 pre-incarnate glory,Son,Father,equality,EFS,Trinity,eternal equality,high priestly prayer
Theology greek term

διδάσκω (didasko)

to teach

greek
Theology greek term

κεφαλή (kephalē)

head; source/origin; preeminent one

greek
Theology greek term

ὑπακούω (hypakouō)

to listen to, to hearken, to obey

greek
Theology greek term

ἀρχή (archē)

beginning, origin, source; rule, authority, first cause

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Nympha in Colossians 4:15 -- Lynn Cohick's claim she led a house church

Mike begins examining individual women named in the NT, starting with Nympha.

Colossians 4:15 Discovering Biblical Equality Nympha Lynn Cohick
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Belleville assigns Nympha the title 'overseer' based on hosting; Mike challenges the logic

Mike examines how Belleville gets from 'church in her house' to 'overseer.'

Colossians 4:15 Linda Belleville Nympha Colossians 4:15
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Mike's survey of 18 commentaries on Nympha's leadership: only 3 of 18 agree

Mike conducts his own commentary survey to test the 'most commentators' claim.

Colossians 4:15 Nympha Colossians 4:15 commentary survey
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Keener's sources examined: 1 Maccabees 12:23 does not support letter-carrier-as-teacher

Mike examines Keener's footnoted sources one by one.

Craig Keener letter carrier as teacher 1 Maccabees 12:23
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Ephesians 6:21-22 and Colossians 4:7-8: Tychicus gave personal updates, not letter interpretation

Mike examines the remaining biblical references cited by Keener.

Ephesians 6:21-22 Colossians 4:7-8 letter carrier as teacher Ephesians 6:21-22 Colossians 4:7-8
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Philip Payne's argument from Colossians 3:16: all Christians should have a teaching ministry -- refuted

Mike addresses another egalitarian argument about women teachers.

Colossians 3:16 Philip Payne Colossians 3:16 teaching and admonishing
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