What does the unbeliever know? Sye argues Romans 1 teaches everyone has sufficient knowledge of the true God for their condemnation — not just 'a god' but the God

Winger's first probing question; Sye's answer

Winger argues Romans 1 teaches that people have been given sufficient information but may not currently believe it, because sin causes suppression and exchange of truth

Winger's counter-reading of Romans 1

Winger reads 1 Kings 18:36-37: Elijah prays 'let it be known this day that you are God in Israel' — explicit language of producing knowledge

Winger continues exegeting 1 Kings 18 in support of evidential apologetics

Both men discuss the aftermath of 1 Kings 18 — the people and prophets respond differently; suppression-to-profession vs. unbelief-to-belief

Continued exegesis and debate over 1 Kings 18

Sye: evidential apologetics aims to convince people of something they didn't already know — but Scripture says they do know; the purpose of giving evidence should be to expose suppression, not fill ignorance

Sye's summary critique of evidentialism

Winger's anecdote: his 10-year-old nephew had never heard of God — counter-evidence to the claim that all people consciously know God exists

Winger's experiential challenge to Sye's universal knowledge claim

Q&A — Does presuppositionalism hinge on Romans 1:18-32 being applicable to everyone? Sye: not exclusively, but yes — God is never presented as a probability in Scripture

Audience question from Ben Thompson

Why send missionaries if everyone already knows God? Sye: sufficient knowledge for condemnation is not sufficient knowledge for salvation — missionaries bring saving knowledge through the gospel

Audience Q&A on unreached peoples and missionary purpose

Former agnostic's question: if he genuinely didn't know God existed, how does presup apply? Sye: Scripture (Romans 3:11) overrides personal testimony — 'no one seeks after God'

Audience Q&A from a former agnostic who claims he really didn't know

1 Corinthians 8:6-7 — 'not everyone has this knowledge'; Winger argues this shows not all people know the God of the Bible; Sye says it refers to saving knowledge, not general knowledge

Winger's Scripture argument against universal conscious knowledge of God

Vatican II includes a category of atheists of 'goodwill' who may be saved

Continuing Vatican II analysis

Jeremiah 1:5 — 'Before I formed you in the womb I knew you' refers to God's plan for Jeremiah, not pre-conception literal existence

Q&A — question about whether life begins even before conception, citing God's foreknowledge in Jeremiah 1:5

Big picture point 3: The Law was always heading toward replacement—Jeremiah 31 predicts a New Covenant unlike the old

Third foundational contextual claim: the Law had a built-in expiration point

1 Corinthians 13:10 does not teach cessationism — the perfect refers to seeing Christ face to face at the second coming, not the completion of Scripture

Response to Brandy Medved asking about 1 Corinthians 13:10 and whether the perfect means the Bible, therefore ending spiritual gifts.

Plan according to your God-given gifts, not just desires or vague calling

Practical guidance for Christian life planning: identifying gifts rather than merely desires or claimed callings.

Conscience before the New Covenant?: Based on Jeremiah 31: 33-34, did people before the New Covenant not have a conscience (innate knowledge of God and the ability to know right from wrong as we do now)? Based on the radical changes that Jesus and the Church brought to the world, and God seemingly needing to give people constant special revelation in the OT, could there be a case for this? Could the need for the cycle of sin-judgement-repentance/cry for help-deliverance be connected to this?

Q&A question: Conscience before the New Covenant?

The Holy Spirit Possesses the Self-Knowledge of God