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Neopatriarch Fails To Refute Cheryl

2009-05-30 commentary Cheryl Schatz

Some have wondered why “Chris” the complementarian stopped posting here. Apparently, he could not get his refutation of my work to stand in an interactive forum so he moved it over to a place where he could have the floor to himself

Date: 2009-05-30
URL: https://mmoutreach.org/wim/2009/05/30/neopatriarch-fails-to-refute-cheryl/


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The prohibition of 1 Timothy 2:12

Some have wondered why “Chris” the complementarian stopped posting here.  Apparently, he could not get his refutation of my work to stand in an interactive forum so he moved it over to a place where he could have the floor to himself.  He has posted a claim that he has refuted me in his post called A Refutation of Cheryl Schatz on 1 Timothy 2:12.

Chris is now posting under the name Neopatriarch, and he describes his post as filling a need for those who are exasperated with me and my “associates.”  (Paula I think he is referring to your excellent refutation of his logical fallacies.) This gives me an opportunity to examine Chris’ (aka Neopatriarch) claims that he has “refuted” me.  Let’s have a look to see if what he has to say is worthy of his lofty claims.

The first thing that Neopatriarch states is that interaction with me is exasperation and he links to my second debate mp3 with Matt Slick.  It is interesting that he fails to link to the first debate where I spent time affirming the ministry of Mr. Slick and telling him how he had helped me in a particular situation with a Universalist who was influencing a friend of mine.   He also fails to state that Matt Slick was less than kind, choosing to treat me with disrespect as a heretic and as a hostile opposer even though I stated that I was not opposed to him personally.  I strongly believe that these secondary issues of faith should not divide us as brothers and sisters in Christ.  The second debate which he does link to has Matt Slick calling me a heretic and refusing to allow me to finish the discussion on 1 Timothy 2:15.   Later Slick said he would allow me to come back on the show if I kept my answers to no longer than 90 seconds.   I agreed, but he promptly removed the offer after I agreed to his conditions.  Those who are unbiased may want to listen to both audio files.  It was my very first time on radio, and I was sure that I would be dealing with a very hostile radio host who would be trying to twist my every word. I appeared quite cautious in my answers because of the antagonism.  Slick had promised he would be kind but early on in the first debate had already lost his cool. However, I chose to respond to him with a respectful attitude rather than in anger or disrespect.  If a respectful attitude is “exasperation,” then I am certainly guilty of that.   Mr. Slick was not able to force me into a compromising position. Since that time and he has refused to engage in a written debate.  I am not surprised. Neopatriarch writes:

Let us consider two views on the meaning of the anarthrous noun yuvaiki, “a woman”: the patriarchalist view that ??????? is an indefinite noun referring to any woman, and Cheryl Schatz’s view that yuvaiki refers to a particular woman in the Ephesian church. In the context of the immediately preceding verses, Paul gives instructions for men and women using the plural forms. Since context determines the meaning of a word, we begin with a plausible reason to favor the view that ‘a woman’ refers to any of the women whom Paul is addressing, rather than, cryptically, to just one particular woman. Rev. Lane Keister explains the reason for the shift to singular:

I believe that Paul has in mind already the reasons in verses 13-14, which require a singular to connect with Eve as a representative. Therefore, Paul is using a generic singular to make his point. Mounce argues that a general principle is being stated here, and that the singular is most apropos.4 I think this is borne out further by Paul’s argument in verses 13-14, which speak of Adam and Eve as representative of male and female.

No biblical proof

The problem that Neopatriarch has with the connection to Eve is that he makes both Adam and Eve as a representative of the male and female with no proof at all that Paul is using Adam and Eve in this way.  If Adam is representative of all males, then are all males “not deceived”?  How can that be possible when many males have been deceived and are deceived right now believing a lie.  Is Eve representative of all females?  Are all females “deceived”?  This is also not true.  The only thing that Paul brings out about Adam and Eve is that the order in which they were created is connected to the fact that one was deceived and the other one was not.  While there has been much confusion regarding why Paul connect the order of creation with deception, we can be certain of one thing – the issue of deception and has nothing to gender.  Instead, Paul links the fact that one was not deceived with what the “first” had that kept the first one created protected from deception. It is impossible for deception to be a generic characteristic of gender.  Paul’s point is about order of creation, not gender. So I ask, what proof does Neopatriarch offer that Paul is making a generic statement about all males and all females?  He makes a claim through Mounce that there is a general principle being stated, but he gives no data to back up such a statement.  This statement is very poorly done and does nothing to refute my exegesis that “a woman” is a particular woman who was involved with false doctrine.

Next Neopatriarch argues that the “for” at the beginning of verse 13 should be taken in the causal sense so that Paul is giving a reason for his prohibition.  Since this is exactly what I argue, it appears that Neopatriarch fails to understand my arguments.  He then goes on to ask:

Also, how does the fact Adam was created first illustrate the claim that only one particular woman is not to teach false doctrine?

Apparently, Neopatriarch has not familiarized himself with my argument, and instead of trying to refute my exegesis, he asks questions as if he has never seen the argument.  For one who is saying that he has “refuted” me, I am quite surprised that has missed my entire section on Genesis and Paul’s reference back to the creation account in Genesis that shows the first one created had experience with the Creator that the second one who was created, lacked.  It was this lack of sound doctrine on the experience of creation that gave strong evidence on how the creation was different than the creator, that caused Eve to be deceived about the character of God.  I would recommend that Neopatriarch first read one of my articles on the connection between Genesis and 1 Timothy 2:13, 14.   My recent article is here.   Neopatriarch goes on to state his presumption:

Therefore, we should understand verses 13-14 as reasons for Paul’s proscription in verse 12. Since presumption favors our initial conclusion that any man and any woman are meant in verse 12 and verses 13-14 function as reasons in Paul’s argument, the most natural reading takes Adam and Eve as representatives of any man and any woman.

The importance of grammar in interpreting Scripture

Neopatriarch’s presumption has not been proven.  It is just that a mere presumption.  In fact, his presumption makes it almost impossible to understand verse 15.  Paul’s text connects verses 11-15 as one connected unit attached together with the conjunctions of: but, for, and, but. Also, the fact that Paul creates a definite shift in grammar from verse 10 to verse 11. Paul abruptly changes from the plural to the singular when the plural form would have continued the flow if Paul had meant all women. This change in grammar must be noted as important.  While trying to make the passage about generic “woman”, his interpretation fails to account for the dramatic shift back to plural in verse 15.  Remember that all of these verses are connected together so one cannot take verse 12 and remove it from its context that ends with verse 15.  Without making sense of the entire passage, making Eve as a representative of all women without a single shred of evidence that she is to be considered representative of all women in the passage, is without merit.  Neopatriarch continues:

In his first reason, I submit that Paul is alluding to the steward-helper relationship between Adam and Eve. In Genesis 2:7, God created Adam and gave him the garden mandate not to eat of the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil (2:16-17). Adam was hereby entrusted with stewardship of God’s word and consequently of moral life in the garden.

Neopatriarch makes a false statement here that Adam’s stewardship was part of his relationship with his wife.  There is not even one reference in Genesis to make this connection.  God made Adam, as the first one created, the guardian of the garden not the keeper of a person.

Genesis 2:15  Then the LORD God took the man and put him into the garden of Eden to cultivate it and keep it.

The Hebrew word for “keep” means to guard or watch:

guard, watch, i.e., limit access and movement of persons or objects in and out of an area, implying protection to or from the object being guarded (Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew)

Note that God did not tell Adam to “guard” Eve.  He told him to guard the garden.  It was Adam’s responsibility as the first one created to guard what God made.  It was Adam alone who was there during the time that God was still creating. God witnessed Himself as the unique Creator to Adam allowing Adam to see Him in the act of creation.   Because Adam was created first, he was given an edge over his wife who had not had seen the Creator create.  Adam was not deceived by the lie because he knew that God who creates. Adam knew that God alone is God and that he could not become as God. When the serpent told the first lie, Adam should have booted him out while the serpent still had the legs to run.

Adam was not created to be the steward of Eve

God did not make Adam a steward over Eve and the statement that Adam’s stewardship was part of his relationship with Eve is unfounded.  Neopatriarch also fails to note that Eve was given equal stewardship of God’s creation including the plants and animals.  This is a very unfortunate omission.  Neopatriarch failed to state that Eve is an equal ruler of the earth.  He also states that Adam was given stewardship of God’s word, however he gives no Scripture that that shows Adam alone was given the prohibition in the garden. Instead, Genesis 1:28, 29 shows that God spoke to both of them about what they could eat. God’s permission also indirectly reveals the prohibition.  There is not a single verse in the Scriptures that records Adam alone was given the stewardship of God’s word. Neopatriarch writers:

Eve was not around when God gave Adam the garden mandate, but apparently he taught it to her because she repeated it, albeit not exactly, to the serpent (3:2-3).

Notice that Neopatriarch says “apparently”, Adam taught her the garden “mandate” but he has no proof of such a thing.  It is not a fact in scripture.  It is only “apparent” to him.  Eve herself testifies that “God said…”  Neopatriarch makes a huge error when he writes:

Eve, being created after Adam, was supposed to help him in his stewardship responsibilities. Consider an illustration of this idea: A father tells his first son to remove a boulder from the yard, but, seeing that his first son is unable to do it by himself, he sends his second son out to help. It is understood that the first son is still in charge of the boulder removing project and that the second son receives instruction from and is subordinate to the first. The second son does not take over the project. What this means for Paul’s proscription is that women are not to take over the teaching and leadership duties that belong specifically to the office of the steward of God’s word. Only other men are to be in the position of teaching and exercising authority over men.

In contrast, God’s word shows that God did not give the stewardship to Adam alone.  God gave the mandate to “them” – the man and the woman.

Genesis 1:28  God blessed them; and God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it; and rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”

Sole “steward of God’s word?”

Neopatriarch has also jumped to an unwarranted conclusion by Paul’s reference to the deception in the garden.  He now adds things that the Scripture does not include, by saying that women are not to take over the teaching and leadership duties.  Paul does not say that women cannot teach or that women cannot lead.  If this was the case then women could not teach or lead other women or children either.  They would have no leadership permission at all.  Period.  Once again Neopatriarch goes off track by adding to the word of God and substituting “women” for the singular “woman”.  He also creates nonexistent sole “steward of God’s word” by reading into Genesis, and from there he takes a flying leap by transferring that conclusion into the teaching of God’s word today.  Neither Paul nor any of the other apostles ever said that women were not to handle the word of God or that the handling of God’s word was for men alone.  In fact, this is the exact position of the Jewish oral law which forbade women from even physically touching the word of God.  This is the tradition of man, not the command of God. Jesus berated the Pharisees for their tenacious holding to their own tradition.

Mark 7:9  He was also saying to them, “You are experts at setting aside the commandment of God in order to keep your tradition.

Paul himself showed that all of us are free to handle the word of God and teach it for the common good. Paul allowed everyone to prophesy for the common good. However, there are many today who are “experts” at setting this command of God aside in order to keep their tradition. Man’s tradition makes men alone the “stewards of God’s word”.  It also makes no sense at all if women are not to be “stewards of God’s word” that it would only include just one group of people (men). If women are not called to be “stewards of God’s word” then why should they be allowed to be “stewards of God’s word” to women?  No one has been able to explain to me why Paul would forbid women from teaching God’s word to only men when according to this interpretation, men would be the ones who would be capable of correcting women’s errors.  Yet we allow these same women to teach other women and children.  Wouldn’t it be far safer to let women teach in the presence of men instead of just in the presence of the “easily deceived” women and children?

What was Adam steward over?

Neopatriarch goes on:

In his second reason, we see the consequences of reversing the steward-helper relationship. The first part of verse 14 says, “Adam was not deceived.” He was not deceived by the serpent. Instead, he listened to wife, and God faulted him for it (Genesis 3:17). The implication is that Adam should not have listened to his wife. Why? I think the best explanation is because she was not the proper steward of the garden mandate. She did not have the authority to instruct him.

While Neopatriarch has not established that the Scripture teaches that Adam was given stewardship over his wife instead of over the garden, he then tries to reverse this by stating that she took the stewardship of the garden mandate and instructed him.  Huh?  Where does it say that Eve “instructed” Adam?  All that the Scripture says is that she gave the fruit to Adam who was with her.  There is no verse or even a portion of a verse that says Eve “instructed” Adam.  Neopatriarch is reading into the Scriptures something that is not there.  He also adds into the mix an “authority” implying that Adam had an “authority” to instruct Eve.  Where is this “authority” listed?  It isn’t there.  Adam and Eve were given authority over the earth and over the animals but neither one was given authority over the other one.  I challenge Neopatriarch to prove his bold statement.  Give the Scripture reference where Adam is given authority over Eve. Neopatriarch writes:

The second part of verse 14 says, “[T]he woman was deceived and has become a transgressor.” Andreas Köstenberger explains the meaning of this:

Eve, Paul implies, was not kept safe at the Fall; she was deceived. Why? Because she left her proper domain under her husband’s care. What happened as a result? She became an easy prey for Satan. How can women under Timothy’s charge (and in churches everywhere) avoid repeating the same mistake? By “childbearing,” that is, by adhering to their God-ordained calling, including a focus on marriage, family, and the home. 1 Timothy 2:15 thus turns out to be Paul’s prescription for women as a lesson learned from the scenario of the Fall described in the preceding verse.

Where is her domain?

Neopatriarch has a problem when he quotes Andreas Köstenberger who is out on a limb with his interpretation.  I have personally written to Andreas about his errors.  He was not able to answer my questions although I did find him to be a very cordial man.  The first thing that is wrong is the statement that “she left her proper domain under her husband’s care”.  The fact is that God never placed Eve “under the domain” of her husband.  She had equal domain of the earth with her husband.  He was given no domain over her.  However we do see that Adam was given the responsibility to guard the garden.  Eve was left vulnerable to the deception of the serpent not because she left any domain that she was given, but because Adam failed to exercise his command by God to guard the garden.  Adam left the domain given to him by God as guardian.  It was Adam who moved away from God’s command by allowing the serpent to lie to his wife.  God held Adam to blame for his act of  abandoning  his post as a guardian.  Because he failed to protect the garden, Adam is called a traitor in Hosea 6:7 in his act of treason.  Eve did not become easy prey for Satan by abandoning any post under her husband that God gave her.  Instead, she became prey because Adam abandoned his post.

A noun and not a verb

Andreas has also ignored the proper grammar of “childbearing” by treating it as a verb instead of its inspired grammar as a noun and making it a “calling” for all women when God hasn’t called all women to motherhood.  Many godly women are not able to have children, and many of them serve God faithfully without a home or family.  The “lesson” learned from the Fall is not that the woman left her post, but that the one who had full knowledge of the truth and who was responsible to speak forth that knowledge so that another person would not be deceived.  Paul’s reference to Adam and Eve is a warning that the same thing that happened in the garden was also happening in Ephesus.  The one who knew the truth was remaining silent and the one who was deceived was allowed to remain in her deception.  Paul was putting a stop to this situation and encouraging Timothy to make a difference in the life of this woman when even her husband was doing nothing about her deception.

Eve was tricked by the serpent. The consequence was that she became a transgressor. The identity of womankind with Eve is expressed by Paul’s switch to “the woman” and the perfect tense “has come into transgression.” So what is predicated of Eve is predicated of womankind, through the typology. That is, any woman who is typologically represented by Eve has become a transgressor through deception and continues in the state of transgression.

Paul’s switch to the perfect tense proves that Paul is talking about someone who was alive at the time of his writing.  Eve could not still be in the transgression since she was no longer alive at the time of Paul’s writing.  All women are not in the transgression brought about by deception.  It is impossible for this specific grammar to refer either to Eve or to all women.  The only way that this specific grammar makes sense is for it to refer to a specific woman who Paul stopped from teaching because of her deception.  Neopatriarch continues:

In verse 15, Paul shifts to speaking of any Christian woman who is typologically represented by ‘the woman’. John F. MacArthur says (regarding the future tense):

In verse 14 we read of woman being in sin. In contrast verse 15 speaks of woman being saved through childbearing. The salvation spoken of here is not salvation from sin. It cannot refer to Eve since the future tense is used (”she shall be saved”). Furthermore the use of the plural pronoun “they” indicates that more than one woman is in view. Some think this verse refers to Mary’s being saved by bearing Christ, but that is foreign to the context. The use of the plural pronoun clearly indicates that all women are in view here.

Eve is not “the woman”

While John MacArthur is correct when he states that verse 15 cannot be referencing Eve, “the woman” from verse 14 cannot be referencing Eve either.  It also cannot be referencing every woman as I already showed above.  The problem for patriarchists regarding the “she” and “they” from verse 15 is not answered from John MacArthur’s quote since he doesn’t even state who the “she” is.  It is improper grammar for “she” to be called “they” so “she” must not be the same as “they”.  Once again we have Paul’s specific grammar setting the stage and the arguments of the patriarchists falls flat. The problem is that those who hold this view do not have a noun to refer “she” back to especially  since John MacArthur makes it clear that “she” is not Eve.  Since “she” is not Eve and “she” cannot be the same as “they”, who is the “she”?  There is no other single woman that can be referenced back to other than the particular “the woman” from verse 14  and “a woman” from verses 11 & 12.  This shows that Paul is not stopping all women from teaching or that all women are deceived, but one woman is in mind who has fallen into error and her husband’s silence is akin to the silence of Adam. Just as Adam sinned with his silence, so too will sin and devastation occur in the Ephesian woman’s case if a stand for truth is not taken on her behalf.

Now we come to the crux of Schatz’s argument. Essentially, I believe her argument is this: In verse 15, either “she” refers to the particular woman and “they” refers to the woman and her husband, or “she” and “they” have the same antecedent. But “she” and “they” cannot have the same antecedent because the antecedent cannot be both singular and plural. Pronouns must agree with their antecedents in number. Therefore, “she” must refer to the particular woman Paul is correcting, and “they” refers to the woman and her husband.

There are a couple of problems here.

First, Schatz’s dilemma is false. The chiastic structure of verses 8-15 reveals the correct pronoun-antecedent relationships:

A (9-10) Christian “women” (plural)
B (11-12) “a woman” (singular indefinite noun) –it means any Christian woman.
C (13) “Eve” (generic / representative woman)
C’ (14) “the woman” (generic / representative woman)
B’ (15a) “she” has the antecedent “a woman”
A’ (15b) “they” has the antecedent “women,” Christian women in context

Neopatriarch has failed to prove that:

1.  Eve is used as the generic/representative of woman (i.e. are all women deceived?)

2.  That “the woman” is a generic/representative of woman (i.e. are all women in transgression after being deceived?)

3.  That “she” can refer to a generic women or that “they” can be equal to “she”.  This is improper grammar.

4.  That the closest “they” should be “women” spoken of in verse 10.  He has bypassed and ignored the closest logical “they” as being the couple from verses 11 & 12. He wrote:

Women are the topic of both “she” and “they,” but, grammatically, they have different antecedents. The pronoun “she” refers to “a woman”, and the pronoun “they” refers back to “women.” In other words, “she” refers to any woman, and “they” refers to every woman. Hence, “she” is not a particular woman, but any woman who is represented by the woman Eve.

No “she” is ever called “they”

This is not only unprecedented in scripture (no “she” is ever called the plural “they”) but it is illogical.  How can “she” (any woman) be saved…if “they” (all women) remain in faith….???  Not only has Neopatriarch completely failed to prove his case that Eve is to be taken as a generic representative for women but he has failed to show how a woman’s salvation depends on what all women do?  Please explain Mr. Neopatriarch how this is possible?  Also please explain how the salvation of a man (represented by Adam) would be dependent on what all men do?  It just doesn’t work.  This explanation is nonsense in this passage.  It makes perfect sense for Paul to show that the salvation of the particular woman who has been deceived will be dependent on what both of them (husband who has been silent and wife who has been in deception) do.  If the husband will lead her into truth and walk with her instead of being silent, she will find salvation that came through the offspring of the very first deceived woman (Jesus the Messiah promised back in the book of Genesis.) Jesus is the one who rights all the wrongs and brings judgment to the one who deceived the very first woman.  It was to be her seed alone that would defeat the original deceiver.  This is what makes sense.  A generic Eve and all women having to do things that will save those who Eve represents is nothing but gobblygook theology.  It not only doesn’t make sense, but it makes Paul out to be confused and nonsensical.) Neopatriarch continues:

Second, Schatz’s view leads her to the untenable conclusion that a husband and wife are in view. But this conclusion has been answered by Michael R. Riley in his paper “The Proper Translation of Aner and Gune in the New Testament.”

In conclusion, Schatz’s view has several problems. Among them:

  1. Schatz violates a basic principle of hermeneutics by making an interpretive key out of what many interpreters have recognized is an unclear verse (15). The clear verses should interpret the unclear.

  2. Her conclusion that “she” refers to a particular woman and “they” refers to the woman and her husband follows from a false dilemma.

  3. Her argument fails to take proper account of the context. Specifically, the verses that precede verses 11-12 where Paul is giving instructions for men and women (plural).

  4. Her explanation of the summary citation lacks the explanatory power of the patriarchalist interpretation, especially with respect to verse 13.

  5. Her position leads her into an untenable conclusion that a wife and her husband are meant. Riley demonstrates that the grammatical and contextual clues necessary to establish this conclusion are absent.

Every husband and every wife?

I do not say that Paul is talking about every husband and wife.  My conclusion is that Paul is speaking about one particular woman and one particular man.  The fact that the grammar is so specific that there is no other logical conclusion, supports my conclusion and not Neopatriarch’s.

Neopatriarch’s list of the “problems” of my view are no problems at all:

1.  The “interpretative key” is the entire passage without contradiction and using the inspired words and the inspired grammar.  The fact that “many interpreters” have recognized that verse 15 is an unclear verse should be a red flag that they cannot then turn around and say that verse 12 is clear.  1 Timothy 2:11-15 is one package.  It is one sentence and it is a logical and complete thought.  The “key” is to be consistent with the entire passage and the correct understanding will make it work without error.  I have done that and Neopatriarch has failed in his bid to refute my exegesis.

2.  Neopatriarch has failed to disprove that “she” refers to a particular woman (from “the woman” in verse 14 and referring back to “woman” in verses 11 & 12) and “they” includes the “man” from verses 11 & 12. Calling it a “false dilemma is a classic overstating of his case which he has not proven at all.

3.  It is amazing that I am being charged with failing to take proper account of the context, when Neopatriarch wants to dismiss verse 15 as unclear.  He has also failed to account for the determined and deliberate change of grammar that Paul pens in verse 11.  The grammar shift is not a mistake and the grammar shift back to the plural in verse 15 is not a grammatical error either.  Neopatriarch has failed to prove that “she” and “they” can be referring to generic woman. When we take his explanation and use it to read the verse with that explanation, the reading becomes illogical and makes the passage unclear and confusing.

4.  My reference to Paul’s citation back to Genesis is certainly without the patriarchalist interpretation because the patriarchalist interpretation is unproven in Genesis.  I challenge Neopatriarch to prove his points in Genesis without reading into the text what is not there.  He has a faulty exegesis and his view is properly called eisegesis  (a reading into the text that expresses the interpreter’s own ideas, bias, or the like, rather than the meaning of the text.)

5.  Riley has not demonstrated that my exegesis is wrong regarding 1 Timothy 2:11-15.  This is once again Neopatriarch’s overstating his case.

In conclusion

In conclusion, Neopatriarch has not only failed to refute my interpretation of 1 Timothy 2:11-15, he has created a contradiction by reading into the text and presenting of his patriarchal tradition that contradicts the word of God.  He is welcome to keep trying.  I look forward to a “real” refutation if there is such a thing.  I have been waiting since 2006 since the time my DVD “Women in Ministry Silenced or Set Free?” came out.  Neopatriarch’s “refuation” is so full of holes,  one could drive a Mac truck through it.

The moral of the story is that we must not disregard the inspired context, grammar or the word usage when we interpret scripture.  When one reads into the text without regard for what God has written, that person will fall back on human tradition every time.  We need to be faithful watchmen who stand faithful to God’s inspired word and who will not let the enemy steal and distort God’s word.  Let’s also reach out to those who have been deceived by the man-made tradition that God does not give his Word into the hands of a woman.

Lin 2009-05-31

Kostenberger wrote:

“How can women under Timothy’s charge (and in churches everywhere) avoid repeating the same mistake? By “childbearing,” that is, by adhering to their God-ordained calling, including a focus on marriage, family, and the home. 1 Timothy 2:15 thus turns out to be Paul’s prescription for women as a lesson learned from the scenario of the Fall described in the preceding verse.”

This teaching really scares me for the Body of Christ. Not just because of the limits it puts on women. But because it is NOT biblical at all and contradicts other passages in the NT. That is why I think these folks are false teachers. I think this teaching is much more serious than just limiting women.

  1. How could women be ‘safe’ from Eve’s mistakes by putting themselves in specific roles under men who are more likely to sin on PURPOSE? Wouldn’t that negate their leadership qualities? Just like they teach that women are easily decieved,men then, would be more prone to sin on purpose leading the women,who is easily deceived,into more sin. That could be the only logical outcome of such teaching.

  2. Paul presents a different picture in Corinthians about it being better not to marry so one can serve the Lord better and not be pulled by the needs of family. So, Mr. Kostenberger disagrees with Paul and thinks women are safe’ from Eve’s mistakes when stay in their ‘role’. If this is Pauls prescription for women in Ephesus, why not the women in Corinth, too? Makes no sense.

  3. Gee, nevermind that ‘Childbearing’ is a noun in this passage.

They are making this a salvic/sanctification issue. In effect, they are teaching works salvation. I wish more folks could see it for what it is. It also makes me really question the value of seminary education and all the fancy letters behind names.

I have not finished the entire post but this just sticks out at me and I had to add to it. (Banging head against the wall)

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-01

Thanks for all your good comments.

It is an interesting thing that Neopatriarch posts on the CCC forum under the name “statisticallyodd”. That forum has decided that I need the gospel preached to me (since they apparently do not believe that I am saved) yet no one comes over to preach the gospel to me. Why not? Perhaps it is because it would then become apparent that they have added to the gospel. One cannot possibly be saved in their mindset unless one believes and follows the patriarchal system. It is very sad that they cannot see how they have changed the gospel from a simple 1 Cor. 15:1-4 teaching all about Jesus and his death and resurrection to a man-made addition that requires a male hierarchy.

Anyways “statisticallyodd” has posted some thoughts on the CCC forum that deserve an answer. He said:

  1. Paul says, “If anyone teaches false doctrines and does not agree to the sound instruction of our Lord Jesus Christ and to godly teaching, he is conceited and understands nothing” (1 Timothy 6:3).
    So, Hymenaeus and Alexander must have been ignorant too.

  2. Does this mean they lacked the intent to deceive which Cheryl
    ascribes to them? How do we know that the “certain persons”
    weren’t liars as well? A man could, for example, be quite ignorant
    about what goes on around the North Star, but this doesn’t
    necessarily prevent him from lying about it. Indeed, he could dream up amazing stories about the polka dot bunnies which inhabit the star’s fourth planet and start a cult of the North Star which worships polka dot bunnies. Similarly, I don’t see how ignorance of the gospel would necessarily prevent the “certain persons” from lying about it.

Some people were just “ignorant” and others went beyond that and add lying and deceiving to their ignorance. Hymenaeus and Alexander were more than just ignorant and Paul revealed their names because they were deceivers.

He continues:

  1. I’m not sure in what sense the particular woman was ignorant, but if this particular woman is analogous to Eve, it doesn’t seem that it would be ignorance of God’s word because we know that Eve knew what God’s word was from her conversation with the serpent. So, do we put the particular woman in the same class as Hymenaeus and Alexander or not?

The woman is ignorant because she has been pulled away from the truth and into error. This is exactly what happened to Eve. Eve knew the truth about God but she was lied to and she was led away from the truth into deception. The scripture says that Eve was fully deceived and in this deception, she truly believed that the lie was the truth and she was ignorant. I believe that had Eve seen the Creator in action as Adam had, she would have understood that He is unique and that she, a mere creature, could not become God.

Neopatriarch ends his comments with:

Suffice it to say Schatz has a very inchoate argument which she will probably never be able to fully explain to anyone (except her back-slapping egalitarian buddies).

If Neopatriarch would have stayed around this blog and asked questions, I would have been happy to answer his questions for him. His statement that I would not be able to explain to anyone except “back-slapping egalitarian buddies” is incorrect. God has blessed me with many people who were not egalitarians (including pastors) who came to repentance regarding the way that they had treated women because of the way that the verses were carefully explained in my DVDs. In fact the verse first person who wrote me about how much my DVDs had touched him and changed his life was a Southern Baptist Pastor. So Neopatriarch is wrong and I would encourage him if he is reading this to work a bit harder to remove the additions that he had to put into the text in order to come up with a patriarchal explanation. He is also welcome back here to comment as long as he can keep a Christ-like attitude and refrain from attacking his brothers and sisters in Christ.

Frank 2009-06-01

Well, Cheryl, I’m sorry to learn that Chris, when he couldn’t defeat you on the “home field,” had to make a playing field of his own, where he plays against “straw women and straw men,” which are nothing but caricatures of his egalitarian opponents. And I am sure my criticism of his misuse of both biblical hermeneutics and logical reasoning didn’t win me a place on his “favorite persons,” either. Unfortunately, he is an example of the proverb, “People convinced against their will, oft remain of the same opinion still.” And that is all that I wish to say regarding him.

Have your read Jefferson J. Davis’ article, “First Timothy 2:12, the Ordination of Women, and Paul’s Use of Creation Narratives,” in the 2009 Spring Issue of the Priscilla Papers? In several ways, it confirms a number of arguments you have already made. He does two things in this article: 1) Argues the case against the traditional understanding and translation of authentein, and 2) argues the case against the traditional understanding of how Paul uses the creation narratives, especially in 1 Tim. 2:13 and 14. In fact, he clearly states: “The major focus of this article is an examination of Paul’s appeal to the Genesis creation narratives, with a view to showing that, in (1 Tim 2:11-15) and other passages, the apostle refers to these texts with the local circumstances and the problems of specific churches in view. It is here argued that previous discussions of this passage have not given adequate recognition to the CONTEXT-SPECIFIC way in which Paul applies the creation texts” (p.6) First he deals with the different ways Paul applies these texts to various aspects of the Jew and Gentile conflict in Romans 5 and 14, then the problem of heresy and false teachers in 2 Cor 11:3 and 1 Tim 2:12.

Regarding these last two texts, Davis states, “This comparison of 2 Corinthians 11:3 and 1 Timothy 2:12 shows that Paul does not have a ‘one size fits all’ hermeneutic when reading and applying the Genesis narratives of creation and fall: ‘Eve’ can be seen as a figure of women in Ephesus or as a figure for an entire church in Corinth–because the local circumstances differ, though false teaching is a danger in both settings. Applications are drawn from Genesis in a church-specific and contextually sensitive way.”

And I believe that what Davis argues about Paul’s “church-specific and contextually sensitive” understanding and application of these creation and fall narratives is the same view that you, Cheryl, have so well presented and demonstrated in these Pauline dialogues of yours. I think Chris and his supporters are upset with you, in part, because you have, by this means, have invalidated their cherished notion that Paul had a “one size fits all” hermenetic that they can use to promote their viewpoint.

pinklight 2009-06-03

So today I am mulling over the inherent problems with comp doctrine. What bugs me most is that NONE of it can be proven. So I’m wondering why people, whether the pew sitters or the leaders who hold to this unproven doctrine, clamp on to it. What is so attractive about it? Or why are people attracted to it when it cannot even be proven? Other things can be proven from the scriptures like the doctrine of the Trinity, but comp doctrine cannot. Are people really that uninterested in what the truth is, what can and cannot be proven, facts?

Then I’ve another concern today as I’m mulling over comp ideology. I’m concerned with those who do know better, those who know that their doctrine is false having nothing solid to support it. Those are the ones that I am not happy with, at all. These ones are the wolves.

So today I’m trying to figure out a way that I will be able to be appeased with the garbage of it all.

Thanks for letting me vent, Cheryl! 🙂

And Neo claiming that he Refuted you on 1 Tim 2… *rolls eyes & getting a laugh* His claim of having “refuted” you is a perfect example of a main problem with those arguing for and promoting comp doctrine. There is no way around it – THEY do not even understand what they are saying by the very words they use. If he can Believe that he “refuted” you, then he can also believe that the sky pink and not blue. That’s how much sense he makes by such a claim. Where did he leave his head? Where most of the problems lie, is in BELIEF. If someone wants to believe that the sky is pink they will do so even when the facts show that it is otherwise and stare them right in the face.

Okay, I’m outta here, back to solving my issue with comp doctrine and those who know better…

gengwall 2009-06-03

pinklight,

I can maybe answer to a degree from the male perspective (since the vast majority of male supremecists are male). I think there are several factors that come into play.

  1. Some of the text generally can be seen in a comp light IF it is not reconciled with the rest of scripture. Since Christians often tend to cherry-pick anyway, a tunnel visioned look at the pertinent scriptures can easily lead to comp conclusions.

  2. Pride and control – men struggle with pride, especially when it comes to admitting we are wrong. Heck – look at Adam. Once we come to a conclusion, ESPECIALLY one that gives us power, it is very, very difficult to go back.

  3. Tradition – when men look back at “the good old days”, we have a hard time seeing a problem with “the way it has always been”. Since we have never had to be on the receiving end of authoritarian patriarchy, we are blind to the pain it causes.

  4. Male ego – this is a little different than pride. This is the sense we have that we really are superior to women. The reality is that we are simply different than women, but we see the differences as being “better”.

None of this should come as a surprise. God said it would happen. Such attitudes are really the “norm” when we are living in our fallen state. Enlightenment to the truth in scripture and a view of male/female relationships that mirrors the unfallen state in the garden requires that we live in the Spirit, but that takes effort for a fallen man. It is much easier to believe that God commanded males to “rule over” females for their own good. As fleshly human males, that perspective “feels” right. Sad, but true.

There is good news in all of this. I think all men have a yerning deep inside to return to the garden. I believe that much of the equivocation and politically correct gymnastics you see many pastors going through when talking about these issues indidcates that many, many men really struggle with the comp perspective they have grown up with (and even have been taught in their seminaries). I know many other men who, although spouting the comp line “headship”, actually live fairly egal lives with the women in their circle. I believe they struggle every day trying to understand what really is the truth and it is almost as if they are just dying for someone to say the comp view is wrong so that they can stop living that lie.

The complimentarian perspective is a paradox for many men, I believe. The comp life feels right (in the flesh) and wrong (in the spirit) all at the same time. This is one of the most obvious manifestations (in men) of the battle Paul describes in Romans 7, IMO. The degree to which a man sees the lie of the comp paradigm is, I believe, a great indicator of how successful he is in battling his flesh. I think commentators such as Neo are not having a very good go of it currently.

Mary 2009-06-03

Sorry, gengwall; I missed a letter in your name.

Alison, it’s too bad your “mentor” has so little faith in your future husband, as to think he would even want to marry a woman whose independent spirit (probably the mentor distrusts self-sufficient, competent women) had been trained out of her. Who wants to marry someone who’s trying to be something other than her true self?

And your point about comp theory not making sense is important, I think. There are certain theological truths that are beyond our full comprehension in this life, such as the Trinity, the vastness of God’s holiness, the “why of the Atonement, etc. However, anything purported to be biblically sound practice, such as patriarchy, shouldn’t be nonsensical. It’s not enough to say, “I don’t know why God set up gender roles, I just know that patriarchy is the system God commands.” They often claim that these elusive “gender roles” are pre-Fall mandates, but there’s no biblical support for that claim.

I think that there are quite a few comps who know perfectly well that they’re deceiving people by teaching patriarchy as biblical. I suspect, however, that the rank and file Christian who accepts such teaching has not considered that it just might not be biblical after all. A very few do try some version of what they think of as egalitarianism and then return to compism, though when they tell the story it becomes clear that it wasn’t actually biblical equality that they’d tried in the first place. I know of one individual who rejected biblical equality out of disappointment that egalitarians are as fallibly human as that individual is, and who blamed being an egalitarian for a failure to attract a spouse. (I’m not exaggerating; I’ve read it in that individual’s own words, which continue in vindictive anti-egalitarian diatribes even today.) But in general, people who go to the Scriptures willing to be challenged in their beliefs, find that biblical equality makes far more sense than religious patriarchy, which is nothing more than the world’s practice of the (physically and socially) more powerful ruling the less powerful, but dressed in Sunday clothes.

gengwall 2009-06-04

Our church tries constantly to tread that fine line. They exclude women from pastor and elder but have many women in the next tier of leadership (adult ministries, children’s (of course), and worship). On the marriage front they definately encourage a more egalitarian approach, but again, they struggle to come to grips with terms like “submit” and “head”.

Lin said – “Many of the women became manipulators because they had to stay in their place but actually knew better than the man on something.”

There is much to be sad about in the truth of this statement. I believe it is a reflection of the fall for both genders. Men fail to embrace (or even recognize) the gifts their wives have because they feel as ruler they should need no help. Wives in turn utilize those gifts in a negative fashion because they have been deprived from using them for a blessing to their marriage in the first place. The same holds true, and to even a greater degree, in many churches, especially, ironically, the evangelical variety. For someone who truly believes that women have a unique design which gives them an entirely different perspective, it pains me to know so many men are depriving themselves of the blessing that perspective can bring to our relationships and minitries.

Now, I have not always been this way. My wife and I had some of the same youthful enthusiasm for comp-ness that Lin sees in so many young couples. The difference with us is that we BOTH saw the light. My wife doesn’t have to “manipulate” because I have learned to welcome and even cherish her influence and perspective. We make a great team…now (at least I would like to believe we do).

Here is the real irony. Some of the most egalitarian couples I know are the generations that preceeded us within our own families. Although those families were “traditional” on the outside, my observation was that the women were fully equal partners within the relationship. Both my wife’s and my parents had very egal marriages in terms of family decisions, parenting, and problem solving. Most of our grandparents did as well, although it took her grandfather a little time to fully appreciate the contributions of his wife. But somehow, and I don’t want to blame it on feminism or the 60’s or anything, but somehow in the last 40 years, there has been this crazy shift. It makes no sense to me.

truthseeker 2009-06-04

Lin and Gengwall, thanks for your comments. You are both blessings in a ‘dark land’. The place where compism seems to especially reveal its shortcomings is in the practical application. The simple fact that so many churches ‘do’ compism differently is the first indicator. One church may allow women to lead singing and help with adult classes, another may allow the lead singing but not the adult teaching, etc. Defining the ‘job description’ or ‘roles’ is tough for them, I believe, because the bible gives no clear-cut description because it doesn’t prescribe such roles. One would think that something as important as ‘headship’, as comps mean it, would come with a very clear job description. After all, in the O.T., God was very clear, down to minute details of dress, even, about what the priests could and could not do, and what the people could and could not do. So why would He have not done the same in the NT regarding so-called headship roles if He did indeed establish them?

It is so true that women have to become manipulators or puppeteers within comp theology. I think that is demeaning of men. As I have said elsewhere, one comp pastor’s wife was heard to say about this matter, “Well, come on, you know it is the neck that turns the head anyway.” To me, that makes the man out to be a dummy, which he is not-any more than is the woman. It seems highly disrespectful to manipulate a man-every bit as disrespectful as it is to diminish women’s capacities.

Gengwall, your observation that we are really opposing powers of darkness rather than people is true, and very helpful. It can feel like ‘us’ against ‘them’ which is easily divisive, rather than, “Father, help them and forgive them, for they know not what they do.”

gengwall 2009-06-08

Alison – I have had many discussions with complimentarian men (comp women are very scarce in the circles I run in) and I challenge them to define for me what “head” means in a practical sense. They find it very hard to do, if they offer any definition at all. Most say some mumbo jumbo about decision making, but in terms of activities of daily living like handling the money or house keeping or cooking or child rearing, they agree, (sometimes grudgingly and sometimes enthusiastically) that both partners have to play a role. Even regarding “breadwinning” , since most of them have wives that work out of financial necessity, they agree that women really don’t have a specific “place” (as in “a woman’s place is…”), at least not anymore (which begs the question of whether such a “place” ever really existed or was it just a patriarchal myth). Anyway, it can be almost comical to listen to them try to figure out something, anything, that distinguishes “headship”.

Now, for full disclosure, I don’t necessarily buy the “head”=”source” argument either. That is best left for another time. Suffice it to say that “head” definately does not mean “authority”, “ruler”, or any other hierearchical position and Paul’s writings coupled with Jesus’ example confirm this truth.

I would challenge your spiritual mentor to clarify what it means in a practical, day to day way, for the husband to be “head”. Of course, she should be challenged to also back up that position with scripture. My firm belief is that she will struggle greatly to put headship into practical terms. The response then, of course, is “if it can’t be defined, if there is no blueprint for what it means in our day to day lives, how can we ever implement it? And why would God require of us an arrangement that can’t possibly be accomplished in any practical sense?”

Again, my point is not that “headship” can be ignored, it is just that complimentarians are looking in all the wrong places to find examples of it. They never look to Jesus, and that is why they stumble.

gengwall 2009-06-08

truthseeker – I think head is a position of responsibility, not right or authority. I think headship is exemplified just as Paul says – by loving your wife just as Christ loved the church. This is what I see when I read the essential “head” passage as it relates specifically to marriage – Ephesians 5. When I look at Jesus’ example when acting as the bridegroom for the church, i.e. as “head” of His “wife” and family, I see Him engaging in three primary activites:

  1. Intercessory prayer
  2. Self Sacrifice (even unto death)
  3. Service

I also think that men are designed to be guardians and that is why Adam was given that responsibility. I think the activities above are guardian activities. I think godly men should try to succeed where Adam failed, just as our example, Jesus, has succeeded as the second Adam in all areas that the first Adam failed. We can’t be perfect like Jesus, but we absolutely should try to emulate Him.

NOW – before everyone freeks out, I will highlight the usual objection to such a model and show you why that objection is unnecessary.

What I usually hear when I lay this out is: “oh, so you mean the woman can’t interceed, she can’t sacrifice, she can’t serve, she can’t provide, she can’t protect, she can’t guard, etc., etc.” What people often don’t understand because of the patriarchal influences we have all grown up with is that I am not defining “roles”. It is not the man’s exclusive job to interceed, etc., but it is his responsibility. What does that mean; and why would Paul outline it only for the men? Because we men, in our fallen state, are simply not good at it. It doesn’t mean that women don’t also have these responsibilities, but they don’t need the reminder (and boot to the head, no pun intended, that men do) because they don’t have the same fallen tendancies that we do.

In short – Christ-like headship is the exact opposite of the kind of “rule” that Genesis 3 shows we will be inclined toward.

People often try to look for cultural models to help them visualize such concepts and I believe I have a fairly close one. I have tried to find such a model since the usual ones proposed, like pilot/co-pilot, still reflect an authoritarian hierarchy. The closest model I can think of for “head” in the biblical sense is the captain of a team. The team captain has no authority over the other team members. That is reserved for the Coach (Jesus/God). His position is only one of responsibility and service to the team. He does not have unilateral decision making authority, nor does he uniquely and individually do any team job. In fact, in reality, the captain is often not even the most skilled player on the team. But he does have a “guardian” responsibility and is expected to interceed, sacrifice, and serve on behalf of the others.

So – what think you of that model?

Incidentally, I believe the “submit” and ‘respect” directives for wives follow a parallel purpose and reasoning from Paul. But I have written too much already and I don’t want to derail this thread any more.

truthseeker 2009-06-09

gengwall, I can understand your caution in putting forth a statement about head not meaning source. I had to laugh when you pleaded with folk to not freak out. 🙂 I had my spear ready so raising your white flag from miles away was a good thing! 🙂

I can see that you have thought this out, and I am personally grateful you aren’t into hierarchy. What I am puzzled by in the husband is head context is that whatever it is somehow is separate from what women are. Women are never referred to as head so it would seem that somehow, whatever the meaning of head is in the ‘head’ passages referring to men or husbands would have to be their exclusive domain. Just logically speaking. (I had a comp tell me, when backed to a wall that God isn’t logical, so comps sometimes give themselves terrific ‘get out of jams free’ cards.) I am still chewing what you have written.

Our culture has such a strong concept of leadership attached to certain words that I suspect it might even be hard to separate ‘boss’ from ‘team captain.’ I think most people would instantly think of a team captain as a boss or leader rather than as a guardian though I agree with your definition. Guardian makes the most sense, though. Maybe simply sticking to a term like guardian and even gardener (since gardeners nourish, tend to, lovingly care for, etc., without having to be despots. Of course, gardeners eat what they so tenderly care for in the end, so we might not want to carry the analogy too far!)

I do think source makes the most sense in the passage speaking of Christ being the head of every man, man being the head of woman, and God being the head of Christ, however. Thoughts?

gengwall 2009-06-10

Cheryl – I hope you will induldge us a little longer in this sidebar.

truthseeker said – “Our culture has such a strong concept of leadership attached to certain words that I suspect it might even be hard to separate ‘boss’ from ‘team captain.’ ”

I think you have hit on the major stumbling block. Remember first of all that we are dealing with English translations of Greek words. Sometimes those translations are woefully inadequate. Add to it the cultural context impacting both the original Greek meaning and the current English meaning and you have a recipe for disaster. Finally throw into the mix the tendancy to cherry pick and myopically interpret scripture and it is easy to turn “head” into “boss” and “submit” into “obey”. But a full review of Paul with the broad context of his teaching in view and his example of Christ as the focus and hopefully we can defeat those cultural influences and see the truth of God’s word. “Head” most definately does not mean “boss” and wives are never, ever, EVER told to “obey” their husbands.

truthseeker – “What I am puzzled by in the husband is head context is that whatever it is somehow is separate from what women are. Women are never referred to as head so it would seem that somehow, whatever the meaning of head is in the ‘head’ passages referring to men or husbands would have to be their exclusive domain.”

I am not so sure. Women are exclusively called “helper” (and we all know the godly nature of that term; what a high calling that is). Does that mean that men are never to be engaging in “helper” kinds of activities within the marriage? I certainly don’t think so. It also does not mean, IMO, that women are free (or restricted) from the “headship” activities of intercession, sacrifice, and service.

Also remember that Paul is trying to outline a practical model that both men and women can look to. Christ and the church is the best parallel he can draw, (there certainly was no current cultural model), but even within that, Paul admits that there are parameters to the Christ/church relationship that remain a mystery, or inapplicable. So he ends the Ephesians passage with the very practical instructions for husbands to “love” (not “be the head”) and wives to “respect” (not “submit”).

And finally, remember that headship has nothing to do with the activities of daily living within marriage. Nowhere does the bible say “the head of the house unilaterally does x”. It isn’t about decisions, tasks, or even primary roles (I know many women who are far better intercessors than their husbands, for example.) It is about responsibilities. The husband MUST interceed on behalf of the family, sacrifice for their betterment, and serve their needs. Guess what – that doesn’t feel natural to him because of his tendancy to act in the opposite manner, i.e. to “rule”. Therefore, he needs to be explicitly told that he must do these things. The wife, in reality, is just as responsible (and free) to do these things, but they are more natural for her so, in essence, at least for Paul’s purpose in fighting the corruptions of the fall, she doesn’t need to be told to do them.

The bottom line is that Christ never exercises authority over His bride. He never “rules” over her*. His only attitude and action toward her is selfless love. If that is what it means to be the “head” it is something to be embaced and celebrated, not feared.

*It should be noted that Christ does “rule”, but the social spheres in which He exercises authority and dominion are never the marital one. Whenever the church is being referenced as “bride”, Christ never “rules”. How could he! He is the second Adam. He has conquored the corrupt spousal “rule” brought on by and propogated the first Adam.

truthseeker 2009-06-10

gengwall, I really appreciate your taking the time to respond because you are clearing up some things I have continued to wonder about.

You are absolutely right, the bible doesn’t describe husbands as helpers yet we know that men/husbands do helping actions. Paul does describe and exhort men and ‘brethren’ as helpers and to help (at the beginning and end of various of his letters), so we know they do have helping capabilities, and women are told to rule their households well, so we know women have ruling capabilities, but you are correct in pointing out that these things are never stated with reference to marriage. Thanks for making that point because it is one angle I had not seen before, that men being head doesn’t have to be synonymous with exclusive job description any more than does women as helpers or ezers. That is a huge piece of the puzzle that was missing somehow.

You are also right that there is NO description of what men or women are to do (‘roles’) unilaterally in marriage. That is where the comp belief always gets hung up though it isn’t ever admitted by them.

Excellent observations in your last two paragraphs, also. I need to look up all passages pertaining to Christ and His bride in this light. Also very good point about Christ conquering corrupt spousal rule as the Second Adam! (for some comps, that wouldn’t suffice, because they think spousal rule was a prefall attribute due to Adam having been created or formed before Eve. That will have to remain their dilemma.)

gengwall 2009-06-10

So…truthseeker mentioned elsehwere that she has heard the argument that “head is mentioned hundreds of times in the OT in reference to families and clans, geneologies, etc.” Being the obsessive compulsive researcher that I am, I had to check this out since it sounds quite exaggerated.

The Hebrew word I researched is ro’sh:
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
a) head (of man, animals)
b) top, tip (of mountain)
c) height (of stars)
d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
e) head, front, beginning
f) chief, choicest, best
g) head, division, company, band
h) sum

There are 598 verses where this word occurs. Of those, I found 158 which refer to some hierarchical arrangement in human relations. Hardly the “hundreds” that are claimed.

Within that subset, it gets very interesting. I found only 25 that refer directly to the family unit. All of them were recounting some kind of census or other listing of families. I put them under the category of “Factual reality without practical application”. In other words, they simply state a cultural, historical fact without and indication of how that arrangement works (if at all) and without any incling of a Word by God on His view of that arrangement.

All of the remainder fall under categories relating to leaders of people, not heads of a “household”. Although that includes tribal and clan leaders, which the comps would like to include, I reject their inclusion in the “hundreds” as it relates to the family because in reality they were community leaders. The other references refer to kings, princes, military officers, or “chief”, i.e. prominent, community figures. None of these 133 references are applicable to the family.

So, in reality, there are only 25 references to the “head” of a family, and all of them are census related, and they all occur in the pure historical books of Exodus, Numbers, and 1 Chronicles. It is true that all of those heads are male. But what is more important, and really the point, is that there is absolutely NO OT teaching (or even law) that says “the ‘head’ of a family unit is always and only the husband (or worse, any male), and he shall have unilateral and complete authority over all other members of the family.” Of course, such an idea would be nonsense because it would not account for the countless widowed mothers that certainly existed, or even the wives, left at home, of the men who were constantly off to war. It also wouldn’t account for the Proverbs 31 woman’s marriage, which by all indications is about as close as it gets to God’s model. Plus it is simply impratical, as we have been discussing here.

So, truthseeker, I think to call your freinds “misguided” or “mistaken” is putting it too mild. “Liars” comes to mind as a more accurate assessment.

gengwall 2009-06-11

Some light reading to pass the time. I dug this up from an old thread I had started on Christianforums. I find it just as curious in the current discussion……..

I thought it might be fun to give the breakdown of the word that we derive “patriarch” from. It is derived from the Greek word “patriarches”

Strong’s Number: 3966 Patriarches
None Masculine
Definition
patriarch, founder of a tribe, progenitor
of the twelve sons of Jacob, founders of the tribes of Israel
of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

Although masculine in gender, and a male founder is presumed, this could be applied to any founder including a female if the culture was set up that way.

“Patriarches” comes from two Greek words

patria – meaning family (Strong’s 3965)
archo – meaning “beginning” i.e founder (Strong’s 757)

Curiously, “patria” is a feminine noun. But it, in turn is derived from:

pater – meaning father (Strong’s 3962)

“Pater” can also mean parents in the plural and can have other gender neutral (although male assumed in the culture) meanings such as teacher.

What I find curious in all of this is the relative gender neutrality and the lack of overt hierarchy or authority. It goes to show even more that our current definitions for patriarchy have more to do with historical context than the original meaning of the word. Another interesting point is that there was no corresponding “matriarch” word in Greek. That word did not surface until the 17th century abstracted from patriarch to recognize and differentiate female heads of state. So, in biblical times, “patriarches” could technically refer to a female, although the male dominated culture makes it unlikely it ever found such a practical use. (It would be interesting research to see if any godesses or other females in Greco/Roman mythology, or other female leaders outside of Greek and Roman governement, were ever referred to as “patriarches”)

Lin 2009-06-12

“But that is about it. Other than her, I have not read a single female author or heard a single female speaker or interacted with a single online contributor who toed the strict complimentarian line.”

I know a ton of them. Mainly from my involvement with mega church ministries. Some are speakers or leaders of comp doctrine for women’s ministries, and some are authors. But mainly, the typical woman in the pew buys into it hook, line and sinker. If she doesn’t, her life is miserable at the church. Everyone wants to fit in. And the fact that most people actually like a works type of role thinking it is spiritual. They can check off a list of being a good wife and mother and they think this role is part of their sanctification. They spend a lot of time waiting around on their husbands to be the spiritual leader of the home. It is a big topic of discussion. You even hear bragging and one upmanship on whose husbands lead devotionals in the family and how often. The comparisons go on all the time. It is so very sad.

I take this thinking a step further because this is NOT going to change unless women are compelled by truth to realize they are in sin for limiting their spiritual growth and not developing gifts from the Holy Spirit. And they aren’t. I was involved in lots of women ministries and they are so shallow it is pathetic. It might as well be a recipe swap or quilting bee (some are) because the study of the Word in context is lacking. About the deepest they go is Beth Moore.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-14

80 Paula,

That’s the goal, to get the “other side” a voice. It’s very much like the evolution issue (sorry Cheryl, but it’s a perfect analogy): one side uses every dirty trick in the book to keep the other silenced, because it fears examination. It knows that if people truly had a choice, and could freely examine both sides, they might “leave the club”.

I do believe that it is very important to hear both sides. Even for those of us who are convinced on the egalitarian side. The problem I have with having the other side presented here (and in particular the evolution side) is when someone wants to present the other side but won’t answer questions on their view. They won’t answer how they came to their point of view, or what their point of view is exactly and they won’t give the parameters that define their view so that there is a principle regarding how one sees the difference between a scripture that is literal and one that is “figurative”, “poetic”, a “hymn” etc. So I tend to tolerate a respectful opposition position as long as the person will dialog. Otherwise I feel like my own blog is being used to promote a view that conflicts with the scripture. I guess I have been around the cults for too long that it wears on my patience to see someone dodging questions and refusing to give a reason for their belief.

And a lot of us have tried reasoning with them, their leaders and followers, but to no avail. The solution is to just keep shouting out the truth and try to reach as many as possible.

I have been learning that some will not dialog because they cannot allow themselves the ability to even hear the opposition. When the walls come down, then we need to move on because we are wasting our time. There are many times that I have tried every angle I can think of to get people to think outside of their prejudice. It doesn’t always work and we need to balance being a faithful witness of the grace of God towards women and knowing when to respectfully walk away and work with others who are more open.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-14

62 gengwall,

You said:

I also think that men are designed to be guardians and that is why Adam was given that responsibility. I think the activities above are guardian activities.

Was Adam given the responsibility of being a “guardian” because he was a male or because he was the first created and had more experience that made him eligible for the responsibility of “guardian”? Also was Adam’s responsibility to guard the garden or Eve?

I think godly men should try to succeed where Adam failed, just as our example, Jesus, has succeeded as the second Adam in all areas that the first Adam failed. We can’t be perfect like Jesus, but we absolutely should try to emulate Him…

The closest model I can think of for “head” in the biblical sense is the captain of a team. The team captain has no authority over the other team members. That is reserved for the Coach (Jesus/God). His position is only one of responsibility and service to the team. He does not have unilateral decision making authority, nor does he uniquely and individually do any team job. In fact, in reality, the captain is often not even the most skilled player on the team. But he does have a “guardian” responsibility and is expected to interceed, sacrifice, and serve on behalf of the others.

I can agree that a man is expected to sacrifice for his wife and he has a responsibility to her that should flow from his love for her, but I am not so sure that the term “guardian” would be appropriate. Does a woman need a “guardian”? Is she deficient in some area that she has a need that the man was created to fill? If she has a need to have a guardian, then she would not be able to fill the responsibility of a “guardian” (overseer) herself.

I see the text as God giving one person a responsibility because of the overwhelming revelation that had been given to him. I do not see that all men are made to be “guardians” or that women are not created to be a “guardian”. If I am wrong in seeing this as a responsibility given to one man alone because of his unique experience with God, then is there something that I have missed that makes all men “guardians”? Perhaps my own circumstance has blinded me, but I just don’t see it. God has given me gifts in the “guardian” area. I have been used by my previous church in a place of protection because I could see things that others did not. I have been consulted by pastors and my wisdom has been used as the determining factor for the protection of the church. I have never seen myself as going beyond the gifting and calling of God. I do believe that the wisdom and knowledge that is given to a person is to be used for the benefit of the body. I do not believe that it would have been right for me to remove myself from using my gifts just because I am a woman.

As far as your “model” goes, I can agree with it in principle without seeing men as a God-provided “guardian” for women. I do believe that women are more naturally gifted in nurture so they typically function with a sacrificial care. Men need to be prodded at times to offer themselves as a sacrifice for their wives because their nature because of the fall tends to be more selfish and “me first”. I believe it is a God-thing to indicate to men that they should be “first” in sacrificial love.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-14

65 gengall,

Oh yes, and regarding this:

“I do think source makes the most sense in the passage speaking of Christ being the head of every man, man being the head of woman, and God being the head of Christ, however. ”

I tentatively agree, but I would argue that the (primary) social sphere being addressed in that passage is the church, not marriage.

I am not quite understanding where you are getting the church in this context. Paul speaks about the woman as coming from the man and that every man thereafter comes through the woman. This is a context of source as in “origin”. Perhaps you might want to explain how you see the church in this context.

At any rate, when I look at Ephesians 5, as a man, the focus for me is not so much the title of “head” as it is the actions of agapao love. In other words, “Headship” is exemplified by selfless love. From that perspective, “head”=”source” just doesn’t make much sense to me.

I haven’t done much on Ephesians 5 here on this blog, but I will likely do more on this area in the future.

I see a man as a “source” of the woman in that he should be the provider for her. He can be the starting point where the doors are opened for her to minister. If a man fights for a woman to allow her to minister in the church and if all husbands fought to open the door for their wives, there would be no closed doors for at least the married women. Can a husband be the source or provider for a woman to be elevated to an equality with him even while society holds to a lower view of women? This is how I see the man as a provider for his wife. Would this help at all to make “source” in line with “provider” for you?

gengwall 2009-06-15

Cheryl – Tying up some loose ends.

My “guarding” stuff was kind of shooting from the hip. Suffice it to say that I do not think of Adam as the guardian of Eve so much as the guardian of an environment. I think we are in synch on that note. Having said that, part of guarding an environment does bleed over into protecting the people in that environment. At any rate, I did say that both husband and wife (and male and female in general), have both the capability and responsibility to engage in “guardian” and/or “headship” activities. My specific focus was Ephesians 5 and the reasons Paul had in having to rather blatantly point it out to men.

As far as “head”=”source” goes, again, my focus was Ephesians 5, not 1 Corinthians 11. My point on 1 Cor was that it is not a passage specifically addressing marriage, like the second half of Ephesians 5 is. The primary teaching in 1 Cor 11 regards in-church activity, not marital relationship, yes???

so, regarding this….

I see a man as a “source” of the woman in that he should be the provider for her. He can be the starting point where the doors are opened for her to minister. If a man fights for a woman to allow her to minister in the church and if all husbands fought to open the door for their wives, there would be no closed doors for at least the married women. Can a husband be the source or provider for a woman to be elevated to an equality with him even while society holds to a lower view of women? This is how I see the man as a provider for his wife. Would this help at all to make “source” in line with “provider” for you?

I don’t have a problem with the practical application that you outline – indeed I would say part of headship is sacrificing for and serving your spouse so that she can be free to “be all she can be”. (Again, both genders do that, but men seem to need a 2×4 to the head to get it) I simply would never summarize it with the term “source”. It is probably my symantical stumbling block. I do agree that “head” in its current cultural context, while probably being linguistically accurate, causes unfortunate conclusions to be drawn and needs to be reworked in some way.

We have to remember that “head” is in reference to “body” not “house”. So that the husband is the “head” of the body” not the “head” of a building or a family.

LOL – I can’t tell if this is a concurance or a rebuttal. I think we are saying the same thing so I will take it as a concurance.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-15

gengwall,

My “guarding” stuff was kind of shooting from the hip. Suffice it to say that I do not think of Adam as the guardian of Eve so much as the guardian of an environment. I think we are in synch on that note. Having said that, part of guarding an environment does bleed over into protecting the people in that environment.

Yes, I do believe that “guarding” an environment would cause one to “protect” a person. The issue of course would be the reason why one needs protection and the other one issued a responsibility to protect. I believe very strongly that the issue is not one of gender, but of knowledge and responsibility. The one who has been given much, much is required. The principle still holds for us today. If we have knowledge that is needed by another because the other person is in danger of being misled and deceived, then we are required to use that knowledge to protect.

My specific focus was Ephesians 5 and the reasons Paul had in having to rather blatantly point it out to men.

Men do seem to have to be told things directly and more than once! 🙂

The context of Ephesians 5 is that we are to be “imitators of God” (verse 1) willing to learn “what is pleasing to the Lord” (verse 10) and practicing putting ourselves under each other to lift the other person up with our service by being subject one to another (verse 21). Men are then to initiate and model the servanthood code of conduct. While the first man abandoned his sacrifice for his wife, true men of God should follow God’s example and willingly initiate a sacrificial service for their bride. If we can understand this from the passage then verses 23 could be interpreted this way:

Eph 5:23 For the husband is to lead in willing sacrificial service for his wife, as Christ also led in giving himself as a willing sacrificial service for the church, He Himself being the Savior of the body.
Eph 5:24 But as the church willingly accepts what Christ freely offers her, so also wives ought to accept and lift up their husband’s sacrifice for them and respect him for his service of love.

While a wife is also called to be like Christ-like and to sacrifice herself, the one who is called to take first place as a servant is the man.

We can also note that all of the original apostles who were martyred for their faith were men. While the first man blew it in the garden, allowing his wife to be taken captive by the enemy, God set up a system whereby men now are called to sacrifice (not silence!) in order to pave the way for their women to get past all of the sin-filled traditions that stop a woman from fulfilling her calling as an imitator of God. We see this sacrifice and we praise God for it because it is His will. True godly men of God will initiate our healing, our elevation in society and our ability to serve God and the body of Christ. True godly men will be initiators and examples as they open the doors for us in the church. It is absolutely no problem for me to submit to men in the church as they are opening the spiritual doors for me to minister. I LOVE my brothers in Christ who understand this and who work hard to pass on a godly spiritual heritage that the first man failed in.

I don’t have a problem with the practical application that you outline – indeed I would say part of headship is sacrificing for and serving your spouse so that she can be free to “be all she can be”. (Again, both genders do that, but men seem to need a 2×4 to the head to get it) I simply would never summarize it with the term “source”. It is probably my symantical stumbling block.

Maybe you just don’t quite see what I see. Source can mean fountainhead, initiator, forerunner and provenance. The one who starts the process and by his love and care sees through the process to completion, that to me is a depiction of a godly man.

I concur with all the rest of your sayings. You seem to “get it” about the responsibility of a man. It isn’t about holding back another, but about initiating the giving of oneself.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-15

103 gengwall,

I can tell you from experience, a statement such as that from a man (i.e. me) would have elicited great howls of fowl from many of the women I have dialoged with in the past. One chief complaint would have been “I don’t need any man to pave the way for me.” Another would be, “that is just another ’system’ where God puts men in charge.” I must confess, there are times where I feel men can’t catch a break. It seems we are always presumed to have alterior superiority motives.

Women who think that the worldly system that we live in (and that has drifted into the church) does not need a man to pave the way for a woman may not be living in reality. A woman who paves her own way may get the work done, but she is looked on as a Jezebel, a “manly” woman and as a intruder. While I “can” pave my own way, it will be a rough road for me. I am happy for and grateful to have a man open the doors for me and give his endorsement to allow others to listen to me without fear. Women who cannot embrace their brothers who are trying their best to lay their lives down to give us a voice may not have thought through this issue well enough. We have been hurt and we are bloody from the battle. I will praise God for every man who is willing to get bloody by walking by my side and opening the door for me in the face of ridicule and sneers. I encourage women to embrace these men as dear brothers in Christ and not to see themselves as self-sufficient. We simply need each other.

gengwall, your comment about the “fowl” “foul” made me laugh! I enjoy your humor and your visual pictures. I am off to get some other work done with the sound of honking geese in my mind! When I take another break I will get back to you on your questions 🙂

gengwall 2009-06-15

Assuming we are on reasonably common ground….

I think there is a full circle here, not so much with 1 Tim 2 but with inner-church relations in general which encompasses 1 Tim 2, and it DOES revolve around 1 Cor 11 and Ephesians 5 because of the use of “head” in both. Here is the progression as I see it (and patriarchal men and the women who follow them believe it).

Ephesians 5 says that the man is boss (i.e. “head”) in the marriage and the woman needs to obey* (i.e. “submit”)…..->
In a more general sense, 1 Cor 11 says that all men are “head” over women. This is especially true in church where the women need a “head” (i.e. boss) to watch over and “cover” them…..->
Therefore, any discussion of male/female relations in church (e.g. 1 Tim 2) can only be understood in the context of the general hierarchical arrangement of men as boss and women as obedient follower…..->

As I and many others have said before, this is extremely myopic and misguided. But it is also pervasive. It is a belief that I truly think is a fundamental component of our (men and women alike) fallen state.

I really think it begins with the gross misinterpretation of Ephesians 5 and snowballs from there. It is no wonder that these men (and the women who believe them) think that “will rule over” is a command, not a consequence. That is why I am so passionate about getting to the heart of Ephesians 5, because to me, the misinterpretation of it is the root of many of the problems. BUT, the correct interpretation of it is the solution to many of the problems.

That is also where I run into such resistance from women, because they also are prisoner to this patriarchal paradigm even if they are rebelling against it. Even if I present a very egalitarian view of Ephesians 5, they simply don’t believe me. Actually, they don’t believe I believe what I am saying because they believe all men believe that Paul was outlining male rule. They see conspiracy all over the place because they have believed the lie that the patriarchal paradigm is really what Paul meant. (Of course, they have also suffered the real life pains that that paradigm produces.) Therefore, they distrust me and dismiss Paul. I have literally had women tell me that I don’t really believe what I am saying; that Paul was a misogynist plain and simple and anyone who tries to paint him otherwise is either a fool or a liar. And it all stems from this fundamental, pervasive, invasive misunderstanding of “head” and “submit”.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-15

103 gengwall,

Do we agree that Paul’s directions to husbands in Ephesians 5:25-30 are expressly designed to address a fleshly flaw in males brought on by the fall? And the more controversial parallel question: would you agree that Paul has similar motivation and is taking a similar approach in vs. 22-24 in his direction to wives?

I do agree with you about Paul’s direction to husbands that deals with their fleshly flaws. But with the women I have another view. Women had been under their husband’s authority in that culture. This is the way it had always been, but Christianity changed that and gave them their own responsibility to mature and grow and use their own spiritual gifts. As they experienced Christianity, I believe that there is a strong possibility that their freedom in Christ might cause some of the women to despise their husbands. Surely they could submit to serve everyone in the congregation, but their own husbands? Why should she had to minister to him when she was freed from that? I think that Paul is emphasizing that our freedom in Christ should be a cause for us to honor and serve the body of Christ including even those whom we no longer are compelled to serve. So for slaves, they are to serve their brothers in Christ who are also their masters even if they get their freedom. The injunction to submit one to another isn’t for everyone except for former slaves. And it isn’t for everyone except for husbands. Our love for Christ should make us even more willing to serve with love. But I can understand how women who have become equal in Christ could despise doing things that made them think about their old lives which had no choice for service. Their service was compelled and now it is to be given freely out of love for Christ. I don’t know if that makes sense to you or not.

Therefore, they distrust me and dismiss Paul. I have literally had women tell me that I don’t really believe what I am saying; that Paul was a misogynist plain and simple and anyone who tries to paint him otherwise is either a fool or a liar. And it all stems from this fundamental, pervasive, invasive misunderstanding of “head” and “submit”.

This is very sad. It not only paints men who want to help as being a liar, but it paints the Apostle Paul as a misogynist. I believe that Paul has been misunderstood for so long that he has been wrongly accused of holding back women when his real attitude towards women in ministry was outstanding. I really feel compelled to defend Paul, because I have come to love him and his writings because of my intense study of the hard passages of Paul on women.

I agree with you that Ephesians 5 is key but I also think that there is something else at least in modern times that is key. It is the relationship in the Trinity where hierarchical scholars are saying that in the Trinity the Father has an authority over the Son. They make Jesus out to be eternally in a position of submission and eternally subordinate to the Father. I think that once this error is straightened out it goes a long way to straightening out the false views of women. This is why I spent so long on my portion of our DVD “The Trinity Eternity Past to Eternity Future” on the subordination of the Son. Definitely Ephesians 5 & 1 Cor. 11 “head” in the Trinity are key passages that must be taught properly so that people may become free.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-06-16

gengwall,

You take the position (correct me if I’m wrong) that the root cause for any reluctance to submit on the part of wives is primarily (and maybe even exclusively) cultural.

Perhaps I should start a post on Ephesians 5 sooner than later. We’ll see. However my position isn’t a cultural one. It is a position of reaction to mistreatment. This mistreatment has become cultural in many areas but it isn’t limited to culture. The treatment of women is part of the fall. It is a natural outgrowth of human nature that when one is freed from a bad position, that when one looks back at the bad times, one can feel disdain for that place and to never want to go back there again. So a modern day woman even that has been mistreated as if she was a second-class human, when she understands her place in Christ, she may not want to voluntarily place herself as a willing servant for the good of her husband because she had in the past been treated as if she was nothing more than a servant. I don’t know if you can understand that or not. I can because I have been there. And I have heard from many women who have been so hurt by their husbands that they fight against submission. They see it as a weakness instead of power under control. I have been shunned by some because I believe that submission is to be a characteristic of *all* believers. Submission isn’t being a door mat or allowing someone to control you or take away your person hood. It is a loving act to help another person by treating them as valuable and special in the Lord. So even though I would never go back to being a person with no options except the life of being controlled, I can embrace submission as a Christian because I now control what I give and I have choices.

However I do understand the feelings of women who have not yet come full circle. They can serve everyone but their husbands because they have been taken advantage of and treated as if their views are not important and as if they were created to be the maid, the doormat and the yes-girl. It is difficult for them to see their husbands as Christ sees them and they have not yet come to understand how empowering submission and love and acceptance can be. My life is very full when I can serve others. And I cannot withhold my service and care from my husband as I give it to others as well. When I see the writings of Paul in Ephesians 5, I look through the lens of what a woman might feel who has been hurt and taken advantage of and who has seen the green grass on the other side because of freedom in Christ. Without the instruction to willingly submit, she might naturally disdain her husband as if he had been her tormentor. When a wife has full healing in her life, she can forgive him for everything that he did that was wrong and she can treat him as a true brother in Christ. And as a true brother in Christ, she will give of her best to him in service.

I don’t know if this makes any sense to you or not, but it comes from my experience. More later in whatever I post on Ephesians 5.

Cheryl Schatz 2009-07-02

Thanks Jennifer!

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