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Scripture Commentary article 2026-03-27

Eph 5:22 and Mutual Submission

The mutual and reciprocal nature of hypotasso in Eph 5:21 makes a hierarchical reading of v22 semantically incoherent. Paul cannot establish one-to-another voluntary submission and then immediately mean one-directional hierarchy without breaking the logic of his own passage.

Eph 5:21 Eph 5:22 Eph 5:23 Ephesians 5 Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-05

Wayne Grudem Part 2

In my last post I copied Wayne Grudem’s “Open letter to Egalitarians”, and I listed the first question of his “Six Questions That Have Never Been Satisfactorily Answered”. Today I am posting his second question, Suzanne McCarthy’s expert Greek answer, and my own challenge after that

1 Peter 3:1 Acts 5:21 Proverbs 5:21 Ephesians 5 Authority & Submission Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-10-20

@deafwatchman58 @smashbaals I don’t know if you usually read the KJV, but the English wording here is misleading. The phrase “obedient to their own husbands” in Titus 2:5 (KJV) translates the Greek ὑποτασσομένας τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀνδράσιν (hypotassomenas ...

@deafwatchman58 @smashbaals I don’t know if you usually read the KJV, but the English wording here is misleading. The phrase “obedient to their own husbands” in Titus 2:5 (KJV) translates the Greek ὑ

Titus 2:5 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-06-11

@LionofJudah444 @FNANVG @oliverburdick It is not even just husbands to wives and wives to husbands but each person in the body of Christ to each other person. To hypotasso means to work for the best of another which means not always doing what you wa...

@LionofJudah444 @FNANVG @oliverburdick It is not even just husbands to wives and wives to husbands but each person in the body of Christ to each other person. To hypotasso means to work for the best o

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-03-04

@PrinceAsbel @dalepartridge Husbands and wives should hypotasso each other. I do

@PrinceAsbel @dalepartridge Husbands and wives should hypotasso each other. I don’t believe the scripture teaches that the husband is the authority over the wife.

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-03-04

@PrinceAsbel @dalepartridge I already explained what it means many times. No, hy

@PrinceAsbel @dalepartridge I already explained what it means many times. No, hypotasso as used in scripture does not mean or imply obedience.

commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-09

@WayfarerAbdul @harmonizedgrace Col 3:18-19, Tit 2:5 and Eph 5:22-24 all say the

@WayfarerAbdul @harmonizedgrace Col 3:18-19, Tit 2:5 and Eph 5:22-24 all say the same thing—they use hypotasso which is a willing subjection to their husbands. Eph 5:21, the husbands are to also be su

Col 3:18-19 Eph 5:22-24 Eph 5:21 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-05

Actually, Paul’s statement is that a wife’s submission to her husband should mirror her submission to the Lord. That’s his argument—but it needs unpacking. The key issue arises when “hypotasso” is misunderstood to mean “obey” rather than “willingly s...

Actually, Paul’s statement is that a wife’s submission to her husband should mirror her submission to the Lord. That’s his argument—but it needs unpacking. The key issue arises when “hypotasso” is mis

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-05

@IagreeNdisagree @TomBuck Yes, and a husband will hypotasso his wife too. 😊

@IagreeNdisagree @TomBuck Yes, and a husband will hypotasso his wife too. 😊

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-05-21

@KillmanBuck @JoInAthensGa @Eric_Conn Submit doesn’t mean “under the mission of

@KillmanBuck @JoInAthensGa @Eric_Conn Submit doesn’t mean “under the mission of another” but willingly doing what benefits another person rather than preferring your own wants. And hypotasso is mutua

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-26

@pastherandie @JohnGal63607182 @ryancduff @Whi79226Anthony @MikeWingerii It’s because he believes it harms the complementarian view that gender roles are to represent Christ and the church. He thinks there is a one way submission in that relationship...

@pastherandie @JohnGal63607182 @ryancduff @Whi79226Anthony @MikeWingerii It’s because he believes it harms the complementarian view that gender roles are to represent Christ and the church. He thinks

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-22

@TSubasLawVX Wives should hypotasso (willingly subject themselves) to their husb

@TSubasLawVX Wives should hypotasso (willingly subject themselves) to their husbands who also hypotasso (willingly subject themselves) to their wives (Eph 5:21). Watch your language. Do you have self

Eph 5:21 question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-02-23

@BlackSheepPickl @MikeWingerii Titus 2:5 does say wives are to hypotasso their husbands. I didn’t say that wives are not to do this, only that Eph 5:21 says all are to do this to one another showing that it’s not a gendered hierarchical authority str...

@BlackSheepPickl @MikeWingerii Titus 2:5 does say wives are to hypotasso their husbands. I didn’t say that wives are not to do this, only that Eph 5:21 says all are to do this to one another showing t

Eph 5:21 Titus 2:5 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-01-12

@jabberwookie80 @harmonizedgrace Nothing in Eph 5 says "wives obey your husbands." Also...Eph 5:21 says "and subject [ὑποτάσσω, hypotasso] yourselves to one another in the fear of Christ." So if we are to subject ourselves to each other, then whate...

@jabberwookie80 @harmonizedgrace Nothing in Eph 5 says "wives obey your husbands." Also...Eph 5:21 says "and subject [ὑποτάσσω, hypotasso] yourselves to one another in the fear of Christ." So if we

Eph 5:21 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-01-12

@BBWoofield @harmonizedgrace I don't see any reference to "obey" there. Any passage that says "wives...being subject [ὑποτάσσω hypotasso] to their husbands" has to be taken in light of Eph 5:21 which says "and subject [ὑποτάσσω hypotasso] yourselves...

@BBWoofield @harmonizedgrace I don't see any reference to "obey" there. Any passage that says "wives...being subject [ὑποτάσσω hypotasso] to their husbands" has to be taken in light of Eph 5:21 which

Eph 5:21 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-11-27

@ich1ban123456 @psalm119164 @ymmotrojam Loose interpretation? You keep quoting the English. Have you not seen the Greek? Look at it here. "Subject" or ὑποτασσόμενοι (hypotassomenoi) is in verse 21, not verse 22. And it is a participle in a list ...

@ich1ban123456 @psalm119164 @ymmotrojam Loose interpretation? You keep quoting the English. Have you not seen the Greek? Look at it here. "Subject" or ὑποτασσόμενοι (hypotassomenoi) is in verse 21

question
Scripture Commentary debate point

Hypotasso in v21 paired with allelon (one to another) is explicitly reciprocal. A hierarchy has a top and bottom; allelon hypotasso has neither.

[egalitarian_argument] From: Eph 5:22 and Mutual Submission

egalitarian_argument
Theology verse entry

1 Peter 3:1-9

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Peter 3:1-9 submission,wives,husbands,Sarah,mutual-honor,egalitarian,context,obedience,intimidation
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 8:6

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 8:6 lordship,Jesus,authority,husbands,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 5:18-33

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 5:18-33 mutual submission,kephale,source,marriage,kenosis,Spirit-filled,husbands love,wives submit,egalitarian,hupotasso,allelon,household code,head-body metaphor,agapao,self-sacrifice,great mystery,Christ and church,one flesh
Theology verse entry

Colossians 3:18-19

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 3:18-19 household code,submission,love,fitting in the Lord,mutual obligation,egalitarian
Theology greek term

ὑποτασσόμεναι (hypotassomenai)

submitting (yourselves)

greek
Theology greek term

κύριος (kyrios)

lord / master / sir

greek
Theology greek term

ὑποτασσόμενοι (hypotassomenoi)

submitting, placing oneself under

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

What submission does NOT mean: clarifying common misunderstandings

Mike preemptively addresses caricatures of the complementarian position on submission.

submission definition hypotasso
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Teaching through 1 Peter 3:1-7 - wives told to be subject to husbands

Mike reads and begins teaching through the first main passage.

1 Peter 3:1-7 1 Peter 3:1-7 hypotasso ESV translation
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Colossians 3:18-19 -- wives submit, husbands love and don't be harsh

Mike teaches through the second main passage.

Colossians 3:18-19 hypotasso Colossians 3:18-19 as is fitting in the Lord
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Lynn Kohick's egalitarian view of Colossians 3:18-19: no talk of husband's authority

Mike examines an egalitarian scholar's treatment of the Colossians passage.

Colossians 3:18-19 hypotasso Colossians 3:18-19 Lynn Kohick
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Keener on verb borrowing: verse 22 borrows 'submit' from verse 21

Mike examines a grammatical argument about the Greek text.

Ephesians 5:21-22 Craig Keener hypotasso Ephesians 5:21-22
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Keener redefines wife's submission as 'only respect' based on Ephesians 5:33

Mike critiques a second redefinition of key terminology.

Ephesians 5:33 Craig Keener hypotasso Ephesians 5:33
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Paul uses hypotasso for bond servants and rulers with clear obedience meaning

Mike shows Paul's consistent usage of the word submit across contexts.

Titus 2:9 Titus 3:1 hypotasso Titus 2:9 Titus 3:1
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

BDAG lexicon definition of hypotasso: 'to cause to be in a submissive relationship, to subject, to subordinate'

Mike appeals to the authoritative Greek lexicon.

BDAG hypotasso lexical definition
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

How Paul is NOT different from his culture: submit meant authority imbalance to everyone

Mike identifies where Paul aligns with cultural understanding.

original audience understanding hypotasso hermeneutical principle
Pulpit research note

Commentary: One Flesh Cannot Be Hierarchy

Ardavanis says: > "This beautiful picture of men and women, a groom and a bride... this is the central metaphor in all of the Bible... complementary yet different sexes that come together in union pa

Ephesians 5:21-33