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Scripture Commentary article 2026-03-27

Eph 5:22 and Mutual Submission

The mutual and reciprocal nature of hypotasso in Eph 5:21 makes a hierarchical reading of v22 semantically incoherent. Paul cannot establish one-to-another voluntary submission and then immediately mean one-directional hierarchy without breaking the logic of his own passage.

Eph 5:21 Eph 5:22 Eph 5:23 Ephesians 5 Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2025-03-02

Communion & Lord's Supper — Research Notes (Cheryl Schatz)

Collection of 19 research notes on communion and the Lord's Supper, focusing on 1 Corinthians 10-11. Covers the body of Christ as the church (not transubstantiation), corporate vs. individual worship, discerning the body as recognizing fellow believers, the love feast/agape meal tradition, and self-examination.

1 Cor 10:16 1 Cor 10:17 1 Cor 11:17-22 Lord's Supper 1 Corinthians 10-11 Corporate Worship
Scripture Commentary article 2024-09-03

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

Comprehensive response to the entire Mike Winger Women in Ministry video series (Parts 1-13)

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-10

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: “Women Keep Silent” (1 Cor 14:34–35)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 11 on 'women keep silent' in 1 Corinthians 14:34-35

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Cor. 14:21 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 14 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-09

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Apostles

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 5 on whether women were apostles in the New Testament

1 Corinthians 12:28 1 Corinthians 12:7 1 Corinthians 15:5 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-01-19

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: The Head Covering Debates (1 Cor 11)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 10 on the head covering debates in 1 Corinthians 11

1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 11:11-12 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-25

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Leaders in the New Testament (PART A)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 4 on women leaders in the New Testament (Part A)

1 Cor. 12:1–30 1 Corinthians 1:11 1 Corinthians 1:16 Women in Leadership Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-09-02

Mike Seaver Cheryl Schatz 10

## Responses to question #5

1 Corinthians 10:15 1 Corinthians 12:28 1 Corinthians 14:36 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2008-10-05

1 Cor14 Concludes

We have been going through 1 Corinthians 14:34-35, the passage that appears to silence women in the church to see how carefully Paul has constructed his words in 1 Corinthians 14:36 to contradict the silencing in verses 34 & 35. (For past articles on this topic, please see the 1 Corinthians 14 secti

1 Corinthians 14:1 1 Corinthians 14:12 1 Corinthians 14:13 1 Corinthians 14 Spiritual Gifts
Scripture Commentary article 2008-01-04

From Bobbed Hair Bossy Wives And Women Preachers To Woman Be Free

I am very pleased that Stan Gundry has given me permission to post his story about how he changed his view from a staunch complementarian to an egalitarian. I would also request that if you have a story about your own journey from prejudice to freedom in Christ regarding women in ministry that you e

1 Corinthians 11:5 1 Corinthians 12:7-11 1 Corinthians 7:4 1 Corinthians 11 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2007-08-16

Are Womens Gifts For The Common Good

Today I am starting a new set of posts on the spiritual gifts which are given to each person in the body of Christ. I would like to start with 1 Corinthians 12:7

1 Corinthians 12:7 Acts 1:13 Acts 1:14 Spiritual Gifts Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2006-11-11

Husband As The Priest Of The Home

With the push towards defining biblical manhood and womanhood, often men are pressured into a leadership role where they feel overwhelmed by their responsibilities. Probably none more stressful than the title given to them as “Priest of the home”

1 Corinthians 6:3 1 Peter 2:5 1 Peter 2:9 Authority & Submission
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-07-28

@grok @ThomasLinge24 @TheOfficeCalvin @VirgilWalkerOMA Yes, you’re getting it I think. Rather than assuming that a head pastor is required to be the central point of decision making and doctrine, the church as a whole led by servant elders who dedic...

@grok @ThomasLinge24 @TheOfficeCalvin @VirgilWalkerOMA Yes, you’re getting it I think. Rather than assuming that a head pastor is required to be the central point of decision making and doctrine, the

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-05-13

@ShawnBowie8 @smashbaals The early church didn’t segregate participation to smal

@ShawnBowie8 @smashbaals The early church didn’t segregate participation to smaller groups. Allowing the body to minister to the body even in larger settings is the ideal Paul describes in 1Cor 14.

commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-02-12

@graceforprize @ComeBack_Yeshua @Rattle_Resists @michael_ronning Jezebel’s teaching involved encouraging Christians to compromise with idolatry and immorality, likely in connection with the trade guilds in Thyatira, which required participation in pa...

@graceforprize @ComeBack_Yeshua @Rattle_Resists @michael_ronning Jezebel’s teaching involved encouraging Christians to compromise with idolatry and immorality, likely in connection with the trade guil

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-07-11

Did @smashbaals just say he is sick and tired of people using the Bible to defen

Did @smashbaals just say he is sick and tired of people using the Bible to defend the full participation of women in the church? 🤔 https://t.co/26N4RXYigN

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-07-11

@smashbaals Ok, but we are tired of you forbidding and rejecting women from full

@smashbaals Ok, but we are tired of you forbidding and rejecting women from full participation in the life of the church. When we use the Bible in context to support the full participation of women, t

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-04-22

@ronhenzel Gen 1-3 doesn't teach women subjecting themselves in the congregation

@ronhenzel Gen 1-3 doesn't teach women subjecting themselves in the congregation and thereby not being permitted to speak. Gen 3:16's "he shall rule over you" is not in the imperative, is not spoken t

Gen 3:16 general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-30

@ymmotrojam @ronhenzel @CherylSchatz @JollyStine @peace_got @MikeWingerii So the modified process now has 4 steps? 1️⃣ The person who becomes aware of the sin confronts the person. 2️⃣ 1 or 2 elders join the first lerson. 3️⃣ The team of elders take ...

@ymmotrojam @ronhenzel @CherylSchatz @JollyStine @peace_got @MikeWingerii So the modified process now has 4 steps? 1️⃣ The person who becomes aware of the sin confronts the person. 2️⃣ 1 or 2 elders j

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-12

@Torncurtainorg @914Ann @AWoytuik @MikeWingerii Yeah, I don't like this trophy for participation stuff. Lowers the bar and disincentivizes effort. I think you are thinking about equity which is equal outcomes. Egalitarians teach equality, as in equa...

@Torncurtainorg @914Ann @AWoytuik @MikeWingerii Yeah, I don't like this trophy for participation stuff. Lowers the bar and disincentivizes effort. I think you are thinking about equity which is equal

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-09

@deadtosin610 @TentSpike What do you know about my participation? This is a Bibl

@deadtosin610 @TentSpike What do you know about my participation? This is a Bible believing church which I sit in⎯and participate⎯every week.

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-10-02

@bishopofhippos @montananmark @JohnPiper Often Bible studies don't involve all aspects of a service, but they are far more participatory than the one-way sermon setting of most churches. Mine provides time for the congregation to share in response t...

@bishopofhippos @montananmark @JohnPiper Often Bible studies don't involve all aspects of a service, but they are far more participatory than the one-way sermon setting of most churches. Mine provide

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-09-08

@1boreen_ye @Jessicakayanja @RobertKayanja In Paul’s day, many churches were lik

@1boreen_ye @Jessicakayanja @RobertKayanja In Paul’s day, many churches were likely house churches, not like ours today with a pulpit. Participation was much more prominent in the early church than t

general
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 14:1, 5

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 14:1, 5 prophecy spiritual gifts women prophesying
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 14:12, 16, 29-31

Sections: exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 14:12, 16, 29-31 edification tongues interpretation
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 4:11-13

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 4:11-13 spiritual gifts,Christ distributes,pastors,teachers,apostles,prophets,evangelists,equipping,unity,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Galatians 3:26-29

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Galatians 3:26-29 inheritance,sonship,equality,salvation,sanctification,Judaizers,bondage,egalitarian,Galatians 3:28
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 14:23-25

Sections: exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 14:23-25 prophecy,all prophesy,unbelievers,conviction,edification,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Galatians 5:1-6

Sections: exegesis, greek_analysis

Galatians 5:1-6 circumcision,freedom,bondage,yoke,faith working through love,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 6:2-3

Sections: exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 6:2-3 judging world,judging angels,saints,authority,women,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Romans 12:4-8

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 12:4-8 spiritual gifts,charismata,body of Christ,teaching,leading,proistemi,no gender restriction,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 14:26

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 14:26 universal participation,worship,gifts,edification,no gender restriction,each one
Theology verse entry

John 17:12

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

John 17:12 Judas,son of perdition,sovereignty,foreknowledge,predestination,Scripture fulfillment,keeping
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 1:4-5

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 1:4-5 soteriology,predestination,election,free will,Calvinism,provisionism,corporate election
Theology verse entry

Romans 8:28-30

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 8:28-30 golden chain,foreknowledge,predestination,calling,justification,glorification,soteriology,Calvinist proof text
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 10:16-22

Sections: exegesis

1 Corinthians 10:16-22 communion,Lord's supper,body of Christ,participation,koinonia,idol worship,table of demons
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 11:17-34

Sections: cross_references, exegesis

1 Corinthians 11:17-34 communion,Lord's supper,discerning the body,love feast,agape,judgment,selfishness,corporate worship
Theology verse entry

John 17:5

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

John 17:5 pre-incarnate glory,Son,Father,equality,EFS,Trinity,eternal equality,high priestly prayer
Theology greek term

ζηλοῦτε (zēloute)

desire earnestly / be zealous for

greek
Theology greek term

διακρίνω (diakrino)

to discern, to evaluate, to judge

greek
Theology greek term

προορίζω (proorizō)

to predestine, to foreordain, to determine beforehand

greek
Theology greek term

κοινωνία (koinonia)

sharing, participation, fellowship, communion

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Alternative explanation for the Genesis allusion: women do not need to marry a circumcised man to be fully in Christ

Mike offers what he sees as a better explanation for the male/female and Genesis connection in Galatians.

Galatians 3:28 Galatians 3:28 circumcision judaizers
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Sonship benefit #2: Full participation of being in Christ — equal standing regardless of background

Mike identifies the second element of Paul's sonship teaching.

Galatians 3:26 Galatians 3:26 in Christ justification by faith
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Women's participation in early church was countercultural but distinctly Christian

Mike discusses the contrast with Jewish and Greco-Roman culture.

women in early church Greco-Roman context Jewish context
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The refutation view creates internally contradictory beliefs about the Corinthians

Mike argues the refutation view requires believing contradictory things about Corinthian church practice simultaneously.

1 Corinthians 11 1 Corinthians 11 Corinthian church practices internal consistency
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Hesychia: 'silence' vs. 'quiet/peaceable' semantic range

Mike examines what hesychia means in 1 Tim 2:11-12 — total silence or a peaceable disposition.

1 Timothy 2:11-12 2 Thessalonians 3:12 1 Timothy 2:2 1 Timothy 2:11-12 hesychia hesychios
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Conclusion on hesychia: women should not be kept from speaking in church

Mike applies the meaning of hesychia to practical church life.

1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:11 hesychia women's participation
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Conclusion 2: Women should fully participate in Christian education

Mike highlights the positive command in the passage.

1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:11 women's education let a woman learn
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Conclusion 7: 'Quiet' does not mean total silence

Mike restates the meaning of hesychia for practical application.

hesychia women's participation church practice
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