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All (280) Scripture Commentary (111) Theology (24) Mike Winger (145)
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-11-01

@smashbaals Christianity is built on a Jewish foundation. The Old Testament was

@smashbaals Christianity is built on a Jewish foundation. The Old Testament was exclusively the Bible of the early church. The root into which Gentiles were grafted is Jewish.

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-10-20

@MichaelBerg888 This assumes that He didn’t have other reasons for choosing only male apostles in the original 12. Just as God originally chose the Jews, we as Gentiles are now grafted into one. I argue that in the same way God has broken down the ...

@MichaelBerg888 This assumes that He didn’t have other reasons for choosing only male apostles in the original 12. Just as God originally chose the Jews, we as Gentiles are now grafted into one. I a

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-10-01

@BogdanOancea77 @pauldirks @KaeleyT Were women saved before the church? If Gal

@BogdanOancea77 @pauldirks @KaeleyT Were women saved before the church? If Gal 3:26-29 is just about salvation, then that implies that women, gentiles and slaves all were condemned in the Old Testame

Gal 3:26-29 question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-09-30

@aflawedmanofGod @tatmia1 @M_Jensen23 @ortrails @goteamcarr I'm gunning for the top, so I'm aiming for the bottom 😏 "But Jesus called them to Himself and said, “'You know that the rulers of the Gentiles domineer over them, and those in high position...

@aflawedmanofGod @tatmia1 @M_Jensen23 @ortrails @goteamcarr I'm gunning for the top, so I'm aiming for the bottom 😏 "But Jesus called them to Himself and said, “'You know that the rulers of the Genti

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-09-17

@PubliusJosephus @Peacemaker811 @DickSaban1 Romans 16:3–5 (NIV): “Greet Priscilla and Aquila, my co-workers in Christ Jesus. They risked their lives for me. Not only I but all the churches of the Gentiles are grateful to them. **Greet also the chu...

@PubliusJosephus @Peacemaker811 @DickSaban1 Romans 16:3–5 (NIV): “Greet Priscilla and Aquila, my co-workers in Christ Jesus. They risked their lives for me. Not only I but all the churches of the Ge

Romans 16:3 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-09-12

@BogdanOancea77 @ReyannaRice @CovenantReform2 @lynna_listens No, he is not just talking about salvation. For one, we know that in the Mosaic covenant, only Levite males without defect are permitted to be priests. No females and no Gentiles were all...

@BogdanOancea77 @ReyannaRice @CovenantReform2 @lynna_listens No, he is not just talking about salvation. For one, we know that in the Mosaic covenant, only Levite males without defect are permitted t

1 Pet 2:5 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-09-06

@DavidCShell1 @Emma41913442572 @p3_1415926i @TnShitStirrer @Eric_Conn What makes you think every Christian believed what you do? Even if all got it wrong, the apostles didn’t. Jesus picked 12 Jewish males but we don’t say only Jewish males can be p...

@DavidCShell1 @Emma41913442572 @p3_1415926i @TnShitStirrer @Eric_Conn What makes you think every Christian believed what you do? Even if all got it wrong, the apostles didn’t. Jesus picked 12 Jewish

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-08-10

@outcatching @GlennDavies @danitreweek Again, the apostles are chosen before the church is instituted. Just because men were chosen first doesn’t mean women cannot follow as apostles (though different than the foundational apostles). Just like chur...

@outcatching @GlennDavies @danitreweek Again, the apostles are chosen before the church is instituted. Just because men were chosen first doesn’t mean women cannot follow as apostles (though differen

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-07-22

@Richard56245924 @justasbefuddled @MikeWingerii Only Gentiles were made equal?

@Richard56245924 @justasbefuddled @MikeWingerii Only Gentiles were made equal? Why does Paul list them together with women? What about the churches Paul planted in scripture?

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-06-22

@TomBuck The apostles were appointed before the start of the church. He also ap

@TomBuck The apostles were appointed before the start of the church. He also appointed 12 Jews and no Gentiles so maybe we should only have Jewish male pastors ?

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-06-21

@naw_elbows @casey1167 @MikeWingerii There were many restrictions regarding the temple (Levite males with defects were also barred). These do not apply to the church. Jesus tore down the dividing walls for Gentiles who could not draw near either (E...

@naw_elbows @casey1167 @MikeWingerii There were many restrictions regarding the temple (Levite males with defects were also barred). These do not apply to the church. Jesus tore down the dividing wa

Eph 2:11-22 Gal 3:26-29 general
Theology verse entry

1 Timothy 2:11-15

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Timothy 2:11-15 specific woman,deception,authenteo,grammar,perfect tense,future tense,anaphoric,egalitarian,ephesus,teknogonia,singular plural,historical perfect,verbal aspect,paul as pattern
Theology verse entry

Psalm 109:8

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Psalm 109:8 apostolate,office,episkope,Matthias,Judas,replacement
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 4:11-13

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 4:11-13 spiritual gifts,Christ distributes,pastors,teachers,apostles,prophets,evangelists,equipping,unity,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Galatians 3:26-29

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Galatians 3:26-29 inheritance,sonship,equality,salvation,sanctification,Judaizers,bondage,egalitarian,Galatians 3:28
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 11:10-16

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 11:10-16 exousia,woman authority,angels,interdependence,mutual dependence,egalitarian,hair,covering,creation order,corrective,in the Lord
Theology verse entry

Romans 5:12-19

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 5:12-19 original sin,Adam,last Adam,representative,federal headship,sin through one man,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Acts 9:15

Sections: exegesis

Acts 9:15 chosen instrument,Paul,calling,gifts not segregated,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 2:14-16

Sections: exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 2:14-16 wall of partition,dividing wall,peace,one new man,Jew Gentile,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

1 Timothy 2:1-7

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Timothy 2:1-7 prayer,intercession,one mediator,ransom,antilytron,false teaching,Ephesus,universalism of scope,paraggelia,herald,apostle,teacher,egalitarian,soteriology,atonement,unlimited atonement,Calvinism,mediation
Theology verse entry

Romans 12:4-8

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 12:4-8 spiritual gifts,charismata,body of Christ,teaching,leading,proistemi,no gender restriction,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Acts 1:16-26

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Acts 1:16-26 Judas,betrayal,foreknowledge,sovereignty,prophecy fulfillment,predestination,free will,apostolate,Matthias,Paul,twelve,lot,human initiative
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 1:4-5

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 1:4-5 soteriology,predestination,election,free will,Calvinism,provisionism,corporate election
Theology verse entry

Romans 9:16

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 9:16 soteriology,predestination,election,free will,Calvinism,provisionism,God's mercy
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 1:26-31

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

1 Corinthians 1:26-31 soteriology,predestination,election,free will,Calvinism,provisionism,boasting,faith vs works
Theology verse entry

Romans 9:17-18

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 9:17-18 soteriology,sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,Pharaoh
Theology verse entry

Romans 8:28-30

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 8:28-30 golden chain,foreknowledge,predestination,calling,justification,glorification,soteriology,Calvinist proof text
Theology verse entry

Romans 11:25-36

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Romans 11:25-36 Israel,olive tree,hardening,mercy to all,election,doxology,soteriology
Theology verse entry

Acts 17:30

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Acts 17:30 repentance,universal call,Mars Hill,soteriology
Theology verse entry

Joshua 2:1-21

Sections: exegesis

Joshua 2:1-21 rahab,faith,messianic lineage,women leadership,deliverance
Theology greek term

σῴζω (sozo)

to save

greek
Theology greek term

ἐπισκοπή (episkopē)

office, oversight, supervision

greek
Theology greek term

μὴ κωλύετε (me koluete)

do not forbid, stop forbidding

greek
Theology greek term

προορίζω (proorizō)

to predestine, to foreordain, to determine beforehand

greek
Theology greek term

ποιμαίνω (poimaino)

to shepherd, to tend a flock, to pastor, to rule

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Key principle: whatever is inherent to being in Christ, all believers share — but is eldership inherent?

Mike establishes a test for what Galatians 3:28 covers.

eldership in Christ benefits necessary vs. sufficient conditions
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Sonship benefit #3: Justification by faith

Mike identifies the third element Paul associates with sonship.

Galatians 2 Galatians 3:24 Galatians 2 justification by faith Galatians 3:24
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

The original context: judaizers challenging sonship status of Gentiles, slaves, and women

Mike grounds the passage in its original historical situation.

judaizers sonship status inheritance rights
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Westfall's 'out-group status' argument: excluding women from eldership communicates they are outsiders

Mike engages Westfall's use of sociological language about out-grouping.

Galatians 2 eldership Galatians 2 Cynthia Long Westfall
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Equivocation in the term 'out-group': from 'not in Christ' to 'not eligible for eldership'

Mike identifies what he sees as a crucial logical fallacy in the egalitarian argument.

Galatians 2 equivocation fallacy Galatians 2 out-group status
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Westfall's argument: identity in Christ means Gentiles and women can represent Christ in any function

Mike quotes and analyzes a key extended passage from Westfall.

Cynthia Long Westfall circumcision representing Christ
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Galatians 2 pushback: Peter's refusal to eat with Gentiles as social discrimination

Mike addresses the strongest egalitarian counter-argument from within Galatians itself.

Galatians 2:11-14 Paul Peter table fellowship
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Peter's withdrawal was about soteriological status, not social discrimination broadly

Mike recontextualizes Galatians 2 to show it supports his reading, not Westfall's.

Galatians 2:11-16 Peter justification by faith Galatians 2:11-16
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Galatians 2 is about being treated as outside Christ, not as second-class citizens within Christ

Mike sharpens the distinction between the egalitarian framing and the actual text.

Galatians 2 Galatians 2 second-class citizenship exclusion from Christ
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Jew/Gentile distinctions continued after conversion: Jews kept the law, Gentiles did not

Mike demonstrates that the Jew/Gentile pair retained functional differences in the early church.

Acts 10 Acts 15 1 Corinthians 7:18-20 Peter Acts 10 Jew/Gentile distinctions
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Rhetorical challenge: if 'no Jew or Gentile' means Gentiles can be elders, why can't women?

Mike presents the strongest version of the egalitarian argument and attempts to answer it.

1 Timothy 2 Titus 1 Timothy 2 Gentile eldership rhetorical challenge
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Hypothetical: if Scripture required Jewish elders, would you accept it?

Mike uses a thought experiment to test whether people are truly following Scripture or presuppositions.

1 Timothy 2 Galatians 3:28 thought experiment 1 Timothy 2 elder qualifications
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Mark 10:42-45 parallel: Jesus redefines authority as service, not its elimination

Mike uses Jesus' teaching on servant leadership as a hermeneutical key.

Mark 10:42-45 Linda Belleville servant leadership Mark 10:42-45
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Paul uses physis nine times consistently: never means 'custom'

Mike examines all of Paul's uses of physis.

Romans 1:26-27 Galatians 4:8 Romans 2:14 Tom Schreiner physis Romans 1:26-27
Mike Winger idea 2018-08-29

Jesus has influenced the entire world to worship the God of Israel — messianic prophecy fulfilled

Ra's list includes: Messiah must influence the entire world to acknowledge and serve one God

Messianic prophecy Universal worship of God Mission to the Gentiles
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