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Scripture Commentary article 2025-08-04

Women In Ministry Research Notes

Collection of 22 research notes from Cheryl Schatz's Logos notebook on women in ministry, covering head coverings in 1 Corinthians 11, kephale as source, Genesis creation narratives, Ephesians 5 mutual submission, and Craig Keener's lecture notes on women's ordination.

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Tim 2:11-12 1 Timothy 5:21 Ephesians 5 1 Timothy 2 1 Corinthians 11
Scripture Commentary article 2025-02-02

1 Timothy 1:3 — The Urgent Need for Timothy in Ephesus: False Teachers

Commentary clippings and research notes on 1 Timothy 1:3, establishing that Paul's primary concern in writing to Timothy was to combat false teaching in Ephesus. Multiple commentaries confirm the false teachers likely held leadership positions, and that Timothy was given Paul's own authority to command them to stop. This false-teaching context is foundational for understanding Paul's instructions in 1 Timothy 2:12.

1 Cor. 4:18 1 Tim 1:2 1 Tim 4:11 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Egalitarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2024-09-03

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

Comprehensive response to the entire Mike Winger Women in Ministry video series (Parts 1-13)

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2024-08-08

What Mike Winger Gets Wrong on What Women Can’t Do

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 13 on what women can and can't do according to the Bible

1 Corinthians 7:5 1 Timothy 2:12 Ephesians 5:21-22 Headship & Kephale Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2024-06-19

The Debates Over 1 Timothy 2

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the debates over 1 Timothy 2:11-15

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Corinthians 10:11 1 Corinthians 12:1-11 1 Timothy 2 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2024-06-11

Obedience is not a secondary issue

The article argues that the restriction on women serving as pastors, grounded in 1 Timothy 2:12, is not a secondary or debatable theological issue but a plain obedience issue. The author contends Paul's prohibition is rooted in creation order (not culture), making it transcultural and non-negotiable, and that egalitarian interpretations require "obliterating" what Paul plainly says. The piece ends with a challenge to egalitarians: what does obedience or disobedience to this passage actually look like?

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:13 1 Timothy 3 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2024-02-07

Why Mike Winger is Wrong About “Authenteō” in 1 Timothy 2:12 – and Why It Matters

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the meaning of authenteō in 1 Timothy 2:12

1 Cor. 7:13 1 Corinthians 12:27-31 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-14

A 14-Point Biblical Case for Women Leaders and Teachers And Why Mike Winger, The Gospel Coalition, and the Southern Baptists Are Wrong About This

A 14-point biblical case for women leaders and teachers, responding to Mike Winger, The Gospel Coalition, and the Southern Baptists

1 Cor 12:21-24 1 Cor 14:26 1 Corinthians 11:2–16 Women in Leadership Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-09

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Apostles

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 5 on whether women were apostles in the New Testament

1 Corinthians 12:28 1 Corinthians 12:7 1 Corinthians 15:5 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-24

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong With Genesis 1–3: ‘Was Women’s Submission Just A Curse To Be Overturned?’

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 2 on Genesis 1-3 and whether women's submission was just a curse to be overturned

1 Corinthians 11:7-10 1 Corinthians 15:22 1 Corinthians 16:15-16 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2012-02-07

Masculine Christianity

This is part 2 of What God intended at creation and it is inspired by a recent lecture given by John Piper where he states that God’s intention for Christianity is for it to have a “ masculine feel “. After discussing John Piper’s Masculine Christianity, I will give my critique of his masculine argu

1 Corinthians 2:1 1 Timothy 2:12 2 Kings 22:3 Ephesians 5 1 Timothy 2 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary article 2011-09-22

Eve Prototype

This post is the second part of an expansion on the reasons why I believe that 1 Timothy 2:11-15 is about one specific woman and why a general reference to women does not line up with the grammar within the surrounding context. The first points 1 – 4 are discussed here

1 Timothy 1:13 1 Timothy 1:16 1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2011-06-25

Specific Or General Woman

This post will be an expansion on the reasons why I believe that 1 Timothy 2:11-15 is about one specific woman and why a general reference to women does not line up with the grammar within the surrounding context. I will also consider the challenge to my view from the new verbal aspect theory

1 Timothy 1:13 1 Timothy 1:16 1 Timothy 2:10 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2011-06-05

Prohibit Teaching A Man

Some egalitarians suggest that the object “a man” in 1 Timothy 2:12 should rightfully be connected to only one verb “authentein” and that the infinitive form of the verb “to teach” was not meant to be connected to the object “man”

1 Timothy 2:11-15 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:14 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2011-04-14

1 Timothy 212 Prohibitions Revisited

I started a post months ago and then life became so complicated I had to set my blog aside to cope. This post will now be the new “home” on the discussion on whether 1 Timothy 2:12 has two prohibitions or one

1 Timothy 1:20 1 Timothy 1:3 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2 Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2010-12-14

1 Timothy 212 Two Prohibitions Or One

## 1 Timothy 2:12 prohibitions: Two or One

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2010-08-03

A Woman Anaphoric

In a recent blog post , there has been some discussion on 1 Timothy 2:11, 12 in the comment section, and the question of whether “a woman” is generic woman or a specific woman. I always appreciate questions and challenges on my position as it continually pushes me to continue to do research in order

1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:11-15 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2010-01-11

Using Pauls Authority

Paul’s use of “I am not allowing” in 1 Timothy 2:12 has caused a lot of speculation regarding his reasons for disallowing certain activities. In this post, we are going to look at this phrase very carefully

1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:17 1 Timothy 2 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2009-10-28

Southwestern Asserts Male Headship

## Southwestern Seminary and their policy of male headship

1 Timothy 2:12-14 Isaiah 1 Lamentations 1 1 Timothy 2 Genesis & Creation Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2009-09-19

Evaluating Schatz Seaver Debate

On July 27th, 2009 Mike Seaver and I started a ten session debate on Women in Ministry where I was able to ask Mike questions on his position, he answered my questions and then we each had one response. Mike is still considering whether he will continue with another ten sessions where Mike will ask

1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Peter 4:10 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-09-02

Mike Seaver Cheryl Schatz 10

## Responses to question #5

1 Corinthians 10:15 1 Corinthians 12:28 1 Corinthians 14:36 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-08-26

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz Debate 8

1 Tim 2:12 Romans 14:10 Romans 14:11 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-08-19

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz Debate 6

In the last blog post Cheryl Schatz posed her third set of questions to Mike Seaver regarding their debate on women in ministry. Links to all the previous questions and responses is at the end of this post

1 Timothy 2:12 Exodus 1 Psalms 68:11 Women in Leadership Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-08-05

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz Discussdebate Women In Ministry 4

## Are Witnesses and Repetition needed to Prove Women may not teach the Bible

1 Corinthians 11:27 1 Corinthians 12:21 1 Corinthians 12:7 1 Timothy 2 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2009-08-03

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz 3

## Is there a Second Witness that forbids Christian women from teaching the Bible to men

1 Peter 3:1 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 3:2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-29

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz 2

## Facing the spiritual “law” head-on from 1 Corinthians 14

1 Thessalonians 5:19-21 1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-27

Mike Seaver And Cheryl Schatz 1

## Building Bridges on the Women in Ministry debate

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 3:2 Acts 2:17 Women in Leadership Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-22

Wayne Grudem 6

This is the part 6 of answering Wayne Grudem’s “ Open Letter to Egalitarians ” and his “Six Questions That Have Never Been Satisfactorily Answered”. Today I am posting his sixth question, Suzanne McCarthy’s answer and my own questions below that

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:15 Acts 20:30 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-18

Wayne Grudem 5

This is the part 5 of answering Wayne Grudem’s “ Open letter to Egalitarians ” and his “Six Questions That Have Never Been Satisfactorily Answered”. Today I am posting his fifth question, Suzanne McCarthy’s answer from the Greek and my own questions below that

1 Timothy 2:12 Amos 100 Exodus 1 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-14

Wayne Grudem 4

This is the part 4 of answering Wayne Grudem’s “ Open letter to Egalitarians ” and his “Six Questions That Have Never Been Satisfactorily Answered”. Today I am posting his fourth question, Suzanne McCarthy’s answer from the Greek and my own questions below that

1 Timothy 2:12 Hebrews 7 Isaiah 4 1 Timothy 2 Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-06-15

Semigalitariansim And Feminist Air

When does explaining God’s Word make one an enemy of the church. According to Mike Seaver, a woman who is allowed to teach the Word of God to men, even if she is under the authority of her husband and even if she has received authority from her pastor to teach the Bible (and assuming her pastor is m

1 Corinthians 14:23 1 Corinthians 14:24 1 Corinthians 14:31 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-05-30

Neopatriarch Fails To Refute Cheryl

Some have wondered why “Chris” the complementarian stopped posting here. Apparently, he could not get his refutation of my work to stand in an interactive forum so he moved it over to a place where he could have the floor to himself

1 Timothy 2:10 1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:11-12 1 Timothy 2 Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-04-19

Paul_And_Genesis

This is the sixth in a series of simulated interviews with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:13 1 Timothy 2:14 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2009-03-25

Round 4 Interview With The Apostle Paul

This post is the fourth one of a simulated interview with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day

1 Thessalonians 4:16 1 Timothy 2:11 1 Timothy 2:11-15 1 Timothy 2 Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-03-20

Round 3 Interview With Paul On A Woman

This post is the third one of a simulated interview with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day. Doug, a strong complementarian has been given the opportunity to ask Paul about

1 Corinthians 14:23 1 Corinthians 14:24 1 Corinthians 14:25 1 Timothy 2 Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-03-19

Round 2 Interview With Paul

This post is the second one of a simulated interview with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day. While Paul gets to experience life in the 21st century, Doug, a strong complem

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:13 1 Timothy 2:15 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-03-16

Interview With The Apostle Paul

This post will be a simulated interview with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day. We are interested in asking Paul his reasons for what he wrote about women and what he thin

1 Corinthians 14:34 1 Timothy 2:12 Hosea 16:2 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-01-07

Was 1 Timothy 2 Written To The Church

Complementarians claim that 1 Timothy 2:12 is universally applicable because they say it was written for the church to know how to behave. According to John MacArthur, in God’s High Calling for Women part 1 , 1 Timothy was written to “set the church in order”

1 Timothy 1:3 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:9 1 Timothy 2 Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2008-10-24

Anne Graham Lotz And 800 Pastors Shame

CBMW relates a story told by Anne Graham Lotz in the Washington Post where Mrs Lotz writes:

1 Timothy 2:12 Ephesians 4:15 John 8:32 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2008-09-26

A Deeper Look 1Tim2

This is a response to an article called “ A Deeper Look into: 1 Timothy 2:12 ” by an author posting by the email address of carmradio@ymail. com on September 23, 2008

1 Timothy 2:11-15 1 Timothy 2:12 Exodus 1 1 Timothy 2 Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2008-09-06

Public Statement Regarding Matt Slick

Public Statement regarding the Cheryl Schatz initiated Matthew 18 meeting with Matt Slick (CARM)

1 Peter 4:10 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:15 1 Timothy 2 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2008-07-11

Asking Right Questions

Have you ever found that your discussions with hierarchists goes nowhere fast because they say they have heard the egalitarian arguments before and they are not willing to listen to what you have to say. Perhaps we are missing an opportunity to engage them because we are wanting to teach them first

1 Corinthians 12:21 1 Timothy 2:12 Acts 1 1 Timothy 2 Genesis & Creation Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2008-06-16

Authority And Created Order

In this fourth part of my response to Matt Slick’s article called “Genesis 2, Adam and Eve, and Authority” , I am going to deal directly with Matt’s comments regarding authority and created order. Matt writes:

1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission
Scripture Commentary article 2008-05-18

Eve Deceived Adam Not

For a PDF copy of this article click here Eve was Deceived pdf file

1 Timothy 1:13 1 Timothy 1:6 1 Timothy 1:7 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2008-05-17

Should Comps Debate

While there has been some genuine, respectful dialog between complementarian and egalitarian scholars, more often than not, the emotions that are brought into the dialog have brought less than respectful debate. The body of Christ is meant to fight the enemy together but when some turn their weapons

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:15 Exodus 1 1 Timothy 2 Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2008-05-14

Scriptural Fences

One of the helpful things in interpreting scripture is to identify what I call “scriptural fences”. These special verses force us to interpret the passage within the limits set up by the “fence” line

1 Corinthians 14:34 1 Corinthians 14:36 1 Corinthians 7:1 1 Corinthians 11 Trinity Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2008-05-11

Only One Verse

In my continuing review of CARM and Matt Slick’s articles on women in ministry, this post is about Matt’s article titled “ Only one verse prohibits women to teach men, so it doesn’t apply to the whole church ”

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 3:15 Colossians 1 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2008-05-09

Matt Slick She They

This is a continuation of my evaluation of Matt Slick’s articles on women in ministry. Matt has been working for weeks to try to refute my interpretations

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:15 Amos 15 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2008-05-07

Answering Matt Slicks Agenda On 1 Timothy 2:12

This is part 2 of answering the complementarian objections of Matt Slick on 1 Timothy 2:11-15. See part one here

1 Peter 4:11 1 Timothy 2:11-15 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2 Genesis & Creation Adam & Eve
Scripture Commentary article 2008-05-06

1Tim2Objections

My article laying out the original argument showing that 1 Timothy 2:12 is a specific woman that Paul forbids from teaching is here

1 Timothy 1:12 1 Timothy 1:13 1 Timothy 1:14 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Debates
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