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Scripture Commentary article 2025-08-04

Women In Ministry Research Notes

Collection of 22 research notes from Cheryl Schatz's Logos notebook on women in ministry, covering head coverings in 1 Corinthians 11, kephale as source, Genesis creation narratives, Ephesians 5 mutual submission, and Craig Keener's lecture notes on women's ordination.

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Tim 2:11-12 1 Timothy 5:21 Ephesians 5 1 Timothy 2 1 Corinthians 11

Scripture Commentary article 2024-09-03

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

Comprehensive response to the entire Mike Winger Women in Ministry video series (Parts 1-13)

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates

Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-07-30

@ravensfoodblog @MikeWingerii Yet doesn’t Origen believe women cannot address a

@ravensfoodblog @MikeWingerii Yet doesn’t Origen believe women cannot address a crowd containing men as even you admit that he doesn’t believe Miriam was speaking to the men but the women? So wouldn’t

debate

Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-07-30

@ravensfoodblog @MikeWingerii Clearly Origen is trying to take into consideration how women are to be silent and yet Miriam can address the assembly—his answer is that the silence has to do with having authority over men. Of course Origen isn’t takin...

@ravensfoodblog @MikeWingerii Clearly Origen is trying to take into consideration how women are to be silent and yet Miriam can address the assembly—his answer is that the silence has to do with havin

debate

Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-05

@ReformedRant Also, in Ex 15:20, Miriam is identified as a “prophetess,” and she leads the women in song and dance after the crossing of the Red Sea, further demonstrating her leadership and influence. In Num 12:1-2, Miriam and Aaron speak against M...

@ReformedRant Also, in Ex 15:20, Miriam is identified as a “prophetess,” and she leads the women in song and dance after the crossing of the Red Sea, further demonstrating her leadership and influence

Ex 15:20 Num 12:1-2 general

Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-05

@BraxHunter @MikeWingerii Mike appears to have scripture on his side but he overlooks some pretty basic things to get there. Like how is God so against women in leadership when even in the Old Testament, He sends Miriam, Deborah and Huldah? These are...

@BraxHunter @MikeWingerii Mike appears to have scripture on his side but he overlooks some pretty basic things to get there. Like how is God so against women in leadership when even in the Old Testame

debate

Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-05

@TheRealSethStur @pastherandie @sheilagregoire @thomaslhorrocks There are certainly those who ignore scripture to get to this view. That isn’t good. I’d say a lot look at women in the Bible like Miriam, Deborah and Huldah and find it puzzling that th...

@TheRealSethStur @pastherandie @sheilagregoire @thomaslhorrocks There are certainly those who ignore scripture to get to this view. That isn’t good. I’d say a lot look at women in the Bible like Miria

general

Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 12:28

Sections: debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 12:28 apostles prophets teachers

Theology verse entry

Judges 4:4-9

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Judges 4:4-9 Deborah,judge,prophetess,woman leader,Barak,Israel,egalitarian

Theology verse entry

Exodus 2:1-10

Sections: exegesis

Exodus 2:1-10 jochebed,miriam,moses,female agency,women leadership,exodus

Theology verse entry

Exodus 15:20-21

Sections: exegesis

Exodus 15:20-21 miriam,prophetess,worship leader,women leadership,song of the sea

Theology verse entry

2 Kings 22:14-20

Sections: exegesis

2 Kings 22:14-20 huldah,prophetess,women leadership,josiah,book of the law

Theology verse entry

Judges 4:1-24

Sections: exegesis

Judges 4:1-24 deborah,judge,prophetess,general,jael,women leadership,sisera

Theology verse entry

Joel 2:28-29

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Joel 2:28-29 prophecy,Spirit outpouring,daughters,women prophets,Pentecost,egalitarian,Joel,Acts 2,Peter sermon,last days

Theology verse entry

Numbers 12:1-15

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Numbers 12:1-15 Miriam,Aaron,tsaraat,prophetess,female leadership,WIM,egalitarian,Moses unique mediator,Deborah,Huldah,Micah 6:4

Theology greek term

יִנָּבְאוּ (yinnābe'û)

they will prophesy (niphal imperfect 3mp of נָבָא)

greek

Theology greek term

נְבִיאָה (nĕbî'āh)

prophetess (feminine of נָבִיא)

greek

Theology greek term

צָרַעַת (ṣāraʿat)

skin disease / ritual leprosy (Lev 13-14)

greek

Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Survey of women who prophesied in the Bible: Miriam, Huldah, Deborah, Isaiah's wife, Anna, Philip's four daughters

Mike establishes that women clearly prophesied throughout the Bible, both in the OT and NT.

Isaiah's wife Luke 2 Acts 21:9 Deborah women prophesying Miriam

Women In Ministry Research Notes

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

@ravensfoodblog @MikeWingerii Yet doesn’t Origen believe women cannot address a

@ravensfoodblog @MikeWingerii Clearly Origen is trying to take into consideration how women are to be silent and yet Miriam can address the assembly—his answer is that the silence has to do with having authority over men. Of course Origen isn’t takin...

@ReformedRant Also, in Ex 15:20, Miriam is identified as a “prophetess,” and she leads the women in song and dance after the crossing of the Red Sea, further demonstrating her leadership and influence. In Num 12:1-2, Miriam and Aaron speak against M...

@BraxHunter @MikeWingerii Mike appears to have scripture on his side but he overlooks some pretty basic things to get there. Like how is God so against women in leadership when even in the Old Testament, He sends Miriam, Deborah and Huldah? These are...

@TheRealSethStur @pastherandie @sheilagregoire @thomaslhorrocks There are certainly those who ignore scripture to get to this view. That isn’t good. I’d say a lot look at women in the Bible like Miriam, Deborah and Huldah and find it puzzling that th...

1 Corinthians 12:28

Judges 4:4-9

Exodus 2:1-10

Exodus 15:20-21

2 Kings 22:14-20

Judges 4:1-24

Joel 2:28-29

Numbers 12:1-15

יִנָּבְאוּ (yinnābe'û)

נְבִיאָה (nĕbî'āh)

צָרַעַת (ṣāraʿat)

Survey of women who prophesied in the Bible: Miriam, Huldah, Deborah, Isaiah's wife, Anna, Philip's four daughters

Overview of today's topics: women in OT leadership positions — Deborah as judge, female prophets, and the priesthood restriction.

Introduction to Miriam: sister of Moses, a prophetess with an important role — not just a 'hood ornament.'

Linda Belleville's view on Miriam from the Two Views on Women in Ministry book.

Belleville's two claims about Miriam: she was 'sent to lead' Israel (Micah 6:4) and was so valued Israel wouldn't travel without her 'at the helm' (Numbers 12:1-16).

Analysis of Micah 6:4: the Hebrew word for 'lead' has God as the subject, not Miriam — Belleville stretches the text.

Philip Payne also claims Miriam was 'sent by God to lead Israel' — Mike calls this reckless handling of the text.

You can't say Miriam was 'at the helm'; egalitarian works survey unfamiliar OT material and magnify it beyond recognition.

Analysis of Belleville's second claim: reading Numbers 12:1-16 to test whether Israel refused to travel without Miriam.

The Numbers 12 passage is actually about God rebuking Miriam for usurping Moses's authority, not about her valued leadership.

Conclusions from Numbers 12: Moses is a different kind of leader; Miriam is rebuked for trying to usurp his authority.

Marg Mowczko echoes Belleville: 'the Israelites refused to move on until she was restored to health' — but there is no refusal in the text.

Israel traveled by divine command (cloud and fire), never by democracy — refuting the claim that the people 'refused' to travel without Miriam.

Miriam was a prophetess; some incorrectly deny female prophets existed in the Bible.

Exodus 15:20-21: Miriam leads women with tambourines in singing after the Red Sea crossing — she functions as a prophetess in divinely inspired worship.

Exodus 15 shows Moses leading the people in a song, then Miriam leading the women — her leadership is specifically of women.

Complementarians Piper and Grudem claim Miriam 'focused her ministry on the women of Israel' — Mike says this conclusion goes too far from limited data.

Marg Mowczko notes the 'them' in Exodus 15:21 is masculine — Miriam is singing to men, not just women.

Numbers 12 implies Miriam prophesied to the people in general, not just women — 'hasn't the Lord spoken to us also?'

Mike rejects limiting female prophets to speaking to women only, and rejects limiting Miriam to prophetic singing only.

Conclusions on Miriam: some degree of leadership, not like Moses, rebuked for pushing for more, not a priest, leadership sometimes focused on women and connected to prophecy.

God doesn't rule out women being prophets; female prophets existed when good men were available (Miriam, Huldah), refuting the 'no good men' argument.

Additional scriptural examples of women prophesying publicly: Philip's daughters, Anna, Huldah, Deborah, Miriam

Women prophesying congregationally in the Bible — some speech to mixed groups is permitted

Women having influence is not a problem — influence is not the same as eldership

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