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All (91) Scripture Commentary (23) Theology (11) Mike Winger (57)
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Apostle must mean highest leadership for egalitarian argument to work

Mike emphasizes a key logical requirement of the egalitarian argument.

apostolic authority apostolos
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Two egalitarian claims: Mary as apostle to the apostles, and Junia in Romans 16

Mike previews the two main egalitarian arguments he will address.

Romans 16:7 Junia Mary Magdalene N.T. Wright
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Egalitarian equivocation on the meaning of apostle

Mike flags a recurring problem in egalitarian argumentation.

equivocation fallacy apostolos
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Payne's claim that Junia had 'authority as ministers of the gospel' is vague

Mike responds to Payne's claim about authority.

Philip Payne authority in ministry Great Commission
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike's conclusion: Junia was probably not an apostle; if she was, she was a missionary

Mike states his overall conclusion on the Junia question.

Romans 16:7 Junia women's ministry Romans 16:7
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mary Magdalene is never called an apostle in Scripture

Mike notes a key absence in the biblical text.

Mary Magdalene argument from silence apostle title
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike's conclusion: no female apostles in the official high-leadership sense

Mike summarizes the positive data section.

women as apostles apostolic office egalitarian arguments refuted
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Introduction: Mike feared he had not heard the best egalitarian arguments

Mike explains why he avoided answering women-in-ministry questions for years — he worried he had not been exposed to strong egalitarian arguments due to his complementarian upbringing.

complementarianism egalitarianism
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Five egalitarian arguments previewed; first two are weak, last three are stronger

Mike previews the five arguments he will cover: persecution, rabbi-training, universal priesthood, prophecy, and spiritual gifts. He says the first two are weak but the last three challenged him and offer corrections for complementarians.

soft complementarianism complementarianism egalitarianism
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Mike calls himself a 'soft complementarian' because egalitarian arguments bring needed balance

Mike explains why he uses the term 'soft complementarian.'

soft complementarianism secondary doctrinal issue
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Basic egalitarian logic of Galatians 3:28

Mike summarizes the core egalitarian argument from the verse.

Galatians 3:28 Galatians 3:28 role distinctions egalitarian argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Connection between critical theory terminology and egalitarian arguments

Mike notes the language of modern feminism and critical theory appearing in egalitarian scholarship.

presuppositions critical theory feminism
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Warning against the creation/new-creation dichotomy as an egalitarian argument

Mike issues a broader caution about this type of argument.

Genesis creation/new-creation dichotomy Genesis hermeneutical warning
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Decision to focus analysis on Cynthia Westfall's chapter in Discovering Biblical Equality

Mike explains why he chose Westfall's work as the primary egalitarian argument to engage.

Philip Payne Discovering Biblical Equality Cynthia Long Westfall
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Equivocation in the term 'out-group': from 'not in Christ' to 'not eligible for eldership'

Mike identifies what he sees as a crucial logical fallacy in the egalitarian argument.

Galatians 2 equivocation fallacy Galatians 2 out-group status
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Rhetorical challenge: if 'no Jew or Gentile' means Gentiles can be elders, why can't women?

Mike presents the strongest version of the egalitarian argument and attempts to answer it.

1 Timothy 2 Titus 1 Timothy 2 Gentile eldership rhetorical challenge
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Four sections of the video: medical argument, church history argument, Bible study argument, Greek/lexical argument

Mike outlines the four egalitarian arguments he will address.

video structure medical argument church history argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Medical argument introduced: ancient Greeks believed the heart, not the head, controlled the body

Mike introduces the first egalitarian argument — the medical claim.

medical argument ancient Greek medicine head-body metaphor
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Church history argument introduced: Chrysostom supposedly shows kephale doesn't mean authority

Mike introduces the second egalitarian argument — Kathleen Kroeger's use of Chrysostom.

John Chrysostom John Chrysostom church history argument Kathleen Kroeger
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Bible study argument introduced: Paul's context in 1 Corinthians 11 and Ephesians does not imply authority

Mike introduces the third egalitarian argument — the contextual/exegetical claim.

1 Corinthians 11 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Ephesians 5 contextual argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Greek/lexical argument introduced: kephale means 'source' in Greek, not authority — the 'battle of the lexicons'

Mike introduces the fourth and largest egalitarian argument — the Greek lexical claim.

kephale lexical argument battle of the lexicons
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Mike's personal journey: initially found egalitarian arguments persuasive before deeper research revealed problems

Mike describes his own research trajectory on the headship question.

research methodology footnote verification
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

The either/or fallacy: egalitarians assume kephale means source OR authority, never both

Mike identifies a key logical error in the egalitarian argument.

kephale either/or fallacy totality transfer
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Pierce and Groothuis argue that Paul commands husbands to love, not to exercise authority — a false dichotomy

Mike addresses the egalitarian argument that love commands exclude authority.

Ephesians 5:25-30 Discovering Biblical Equality false dichotomy Ephesians 5:25-30
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Three main egalitarian arguments against husband authority in marriage

Mike outlines the egalitarian case before presenting his own view.

egalitarianism mutual submission cultural accommodation
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Alternative egalitarian argument from silence on Colossians rejected

Mike briefly addresses the view that Paul only commanded submission in certain cultural contexts.

Colossians 3:18 argument from silence Colossians 3:18
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Alternative egalitarian view: Paul meant authority imbalance but only for that culture

Mike addresses the 'cultural binding' interpretation of Ephesians 5.

internal contradiction Craig Keener cultural binding
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Introduction to the slavery objection

Mike introduces the final major egalitarian argument.

Craig Keener slavery objection Paul, Women and Wives
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Preview of NT topics: Were women apostles, elders, deacons, teachers? Do female prophets mean women can be elders? Does God's gifting of women mean no role restrictions?

Preview of upcoming content

spiritual gifts prophetess women apostles
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Even if exousia is active, it can refer to the man's authority in this context

Mike addresses the final egalitarian argument about exousia.

Tom Schreiner exousia Morna Hooker
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Problems with the 'other prophets judge prophecy' view

Mike argues against the interpretation that only other prophets test prophecy.

1 Corinthians 12:10 1 Corinthians 14:1 1 Corinthians 14:39 1 Corinthians 12:10 1 Corinthians 14:1 1 Corinthians 14:39
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Mike's initial openness to egalitarian arguments and respect for egalitarian scholars

Mike describes wanting to examine egalitarian scholarship fairly before drawing conclusions.

egalitarianism Craig Keener Bible Background Commentary
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

What surprised Mike most: how bad egalitarian arguments are

Mike shares his biggest surprise from the research project.

scholarly methodology egalitarian arguments historical reconstruction
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Specific examples of bad egalitarian arguments

Mike lists specific egalitarian interpretive strategies he found unconvincing.

Genesis 3:16 1 Timothy 2:12 Genesis 3:16 1 Timothy 2:12 egalitarian arguments
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Ephesians 5:23 — headship extends to all marriages, not just Adam and Eve

Mike shows NT application of headship to marriage in general.

Colossians Ephesians 5:23 1 Peter 3:1 kephale headship mutual submission
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Failed egalitarian arguments against Pillar 2

Mike lists and dismisses various egalitarian counter-arguments.

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:12 egalitarian arguments authenteo
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Egalitarian argument: 'I do not permit' is Paul's personal opinion

Mike addresses the claim that epitrepo ('I permit') indicates Paul expressing a personal, non-binding opinion.

1 Timothy 2:12 apostolic authority 1 Timothy 2:12 Philip Payne
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Andrew Bartlett's argument: verse 11 contrasts with verse 12

Mike addresses the egalitarian argument that the positive command to learn (v.11) contrasts with and limits the restriction in v.12.

1 Timothy 2:11-12 creation order Andrew Bartlett 1 Timothy 2:11-12
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Wives vs. women debate: does gyne mean 'wives' or 'women'?

Mike addresses the egalitarian argument (promoted by Cynthia Long Westfall) that 1 Tim 2 is about husbands and wives, not men and women generally.

1 Timothy 2:11-12 gyne aner church governance
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

The Cult of Artemis argument: egalitarian claim that Ephesian context explains the restriction

Mike addresses the widespread egalitarian argument that 1 Tim 2 responds to the Artemis cult's influence on the Ephesian church.

Ephesus Artemis cult Richard Kroeger
Mike Winger idea 2023-11-22

Mike's personal disappointment with egalitarian arguments

Mike shares his personal experience studying both sides of the debate.

intellectual honesty personal testimony egalitarian arguments
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