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All (58) Scripture Commentary (26) Theology (8) Mike Winger (23) Pulpit (1)
Scripture Commentary article 2025-07-26

κεφαλή (kephale) — Logos Clippings (Cheryl Schatz)

A curated collection of Logos Bible Software clippings compiled by Cheryl Schatz examining the Greek word κεφαλή (kephale) and Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh). The clippings draw from lexicons, encyclopedias, commentaries, and academic journals to argue that "source/origin" is the primary metaphorical meaning of kephale rather than "authority/leader," with implications for interpreting 1 Corinthians 11, Ephesians 5, and Colossians 1.

1 Cor. 11:12 1 Cor. 11:8 1 Cor. 1:5 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary article 2024-09-03

Where Mike Winger Went Wrong on Women

Comprehensive response to the entire Mike Winger Women in Ministry video series (Parts 1-13)

1 Cor 14:35-36 1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2024-06-19

The Debates Over 1 Timothy 2

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the debates over 1 Timothy 2:11-15

1 Cor 14:34-35 1 Corinthians 10:11 1 Corinthians 12:1-11 1 Timothy 2 Spiritual Gifts Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2024-02-07

Why Mike Winger is Wrong About “Authenteō” in 1 Timothy 2:12 – and Why It Matters

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the meaning of authenteō in 1 Timothy 2:12

1 Cor. 7:13 1 Corinthians 12:27-31 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-12-13

A First Response to Mike Winger’s 11½ Hrs Video on 1 Timothy 2

A first response to Mike Winger's 11.5-hour Women in Ministry Part 12 video on 1 Timothy 2

1 Peter 5:2 1 Tim 2:11-15 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-01-19

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: The Head Covering Debates (1 Cor 11)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 10 on the head covering debates in 1 Corinthians 11

1 Corinthians 11:10 1 Corinthians 11:11 1 Corinthians 11:11-12 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2023-01-17

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Male Headship: Is It Really Biblical?

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 8 on male headship and whether it is really biblical

1 Corinthians 11:3 1 Corinthians 3:16-17 1 Corinthians 6:18-20 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-25

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Leaders in the New Testament (PART A)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 4 on women leaders in the New Testament (Part A)

1 Cor. 12:1–30 1 Corinthians 1:11 1 Corinthians 1:16 Women in Leadership Complementarianism Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-25

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Leaders in the New Testament (PART B)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 4 on women leaders in the New Testament (Part B)

1 Chronicles 29:6 1 Corinthians 12:21 1 Corinthians 15:32 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2010-04-14

T4G Comp Tied To Gospel

The 2010 Together for the Gospel conference is on right now as I write this article. The conference this year is called The Unadjusted Gospel and according to J

Colossians 14:34-35 Ephesians 4:2 Exodus 1 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-09-19

Evaluating Schatz Seaver Debate

On July 27th, 2009 Mike Seaver and I started a ten session debate on Women in Ministry where I was able to ask Mike questions on his position, he answered my questions and then we each had one response. Mike is still considering whether he will continue with another ten sessions where Mike will ask

1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Peter 4:10 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-09-02

Mike Seaver Cheryl Schatz 10

## Responses to question #5

1 Corinthians 10:15 1 Corinthians 12:28 1 Corinthians 14:36 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-12

Wayne Grudem 3

This is the part 3 of answering Wayne Grudem’s “ Open letter to Egalitarians ” and his “Six Questions That Have Never Been Satisfactorily Answered”. Today I am posting his third question and my own answer

1 Corinthians 14:1 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Corinthians 14:36 1 Corinthians 14 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2009-07-05

Wayne Grudem Part 2

In my last post I copied Wayne Grudem’s “Open letter to Egalitarians”, and I listed the first question of his “Six Questions That Have Never Been Satisfactorily Answered”. Today I am posting his second question, Suzanne McCarthy’s expert Greek answer, and my own challenge after that

1 Peter 3:1 Acts 5:21 Proverbs 5:21 Ephesians 5 Authority & Submission Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-07-28

@grok @ThomasLinge24 @TheOfficeCalvin @VirgilWalkerOMA “On the basis of the studies of George Knight (1984) and Leland Wilshire (1988) in NTS, the 2000 edition of BDAG eliminated ‘domineer over’ as a meaning of the Greek word αὐθεντέω and substituted...

@grok @ThomasLinge24 @TheOfficeCalvin @VirgilWalkerOMA “On the basis of the studies of George Knight (1984) and Leland Wilshire (1988) in NTS, the 2000 edition of BDAG eliminated ‘domineer over’ as a

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-01-09

@AletheiaHS @immrbloo A white western boy? So you don't use Greek Lexicons? Yes

@AletheiaHS @immrbloo A white western boy? So you don't use Greek Lexicons? Yes I go to church, silly. Your ad hominem doesn't advance any sort of argument.

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-01-02

@juvelibertarian @nchokie02_adam @MikeWingerii So accepting the apostles means I

@juvelibertarian @nchokie02_adam @MikeWingerii So accepting the apostles means I have to accept the current Orthodox veneration of dead saints and icons? You don’t see how this is a stretch?

commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-12-15

@MaineMinistry @MikeWingerii I have issues with them making requests to dead sai

@MaineMinistry @MikeWingerii I have issues with them making requests to dead saints and the icons of those saints—yet sometimes we treat living saints as mediators too in Protestant churches.

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-10-14

@Methodios007 They merely recognized what was already being recognized by the body. The only reason they made it official canon was because abuse of challenges to recognized inspired scripture. People were adding to it. BTW, why all the special vest...

@Methodios007 They merely recognized what was already being recognized by the body. The only reason they made it official canon was because abuse of challenges to recognized inspired scripture. People

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-06-17

@DST_QA @Robert_S_Morley I have to revoke my statement. I assumed it means authority in this context but after reviewing all the lexicons I have in my library (and I have a lot), kephale is not used in the sense of authority. I am becoming more convi...

@DST_QA @Robert_S_Morley I have to revoke my statement. I assumed it means authority in this context but after reviewing all the lexicons I have in my library (and I have a lot), kephale is not used i

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-06-12

@DBryanRhodes @Grump_Old_Man @ronhenzel @Gates_of_Derry @CalebDixonSmith I have

@DBryanRhodes @Grump_Old_Man @ronhenzel @Gates_of_Derry @CalebDixonSmith I have all the lexicons, so you don't need to screen shot it. The Brill DAG shows it can also mean top or prominent, origin, or

commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-30

@BradPatriarch Lexicons are not intended for interpretation. Interpretation requ

@BradPatriarch Lexicons are not intended for interpretation. Interpretation requires taking the context into consideration. Besides, are you saying that a lexicon does not say that in this verse it me

commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-03-17

@DrZPl @haymes_joshua @Blogsbloke I think Payne lists something like 15 lexicons

@DrZPl @haymes_joshua @Blogsbloke I think Payne lists something like 15 lexicons that support source. Nevermind though because this isn’t a game of percentages. It is the *context* that determines Pau

commentary
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-02-16

@Jgallagher1958 @ronhenzel Only foreign speakers need to consult Greek Lexicons.

@Jgallagher1958 @ronhenzel Only foreign speakers need to consult Greek Lexicons.

general
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-09-02

@Rach4Patriarchy How do you define “venerate”? I regard the apostles with respe

@Rach4Patriarchy How do you define “venerate”? I regard the apostles with respect but if I were to create icons of them and pray to them that would cross a line over to things that should only be don

debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-07-27

@OccamsBraiser @iheartJ37 @MikeWingerii You may have helped me find a better explanation in the lexicons so not only am I not embarrassed, I’m elated! I am able to read the Bible in context so I can understand it but sometimes these lexical resource...

@OccamsBraiser @iheartJ37 @MikeWingerii You may have helped me find a better explanation in the lexicons so not only am I not embarrassed, I’m elated! I am able to read the Bible in context so I can

debate
Theology verse entry

Ephesians 5:18-33

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Ephesians 5:18-33 mutual submission,kephale,source,marriage,kenosis,Spirit-filled,husbands love,wives submit,egalitarian,hupotasso,allelon,household code,head-body metaphor,agapao,self-sacrifice,great mystery,Christ and church,one flesh
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 11:10-16

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 11:10-16 exousia,woman authority,angels,interdependence,mutual dependence,egalitarian,hair,covering,creation order,corrective,in the Lord
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 11:2-9

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 11:2-9 kephale,head covering,source,origin,authority,man woman,glory,image,aner gyne,egalitarian,Trinity,hierarchy,husband,wife,creation
Theology verse entry

Colossians 1:15-18

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 1:15-18 kephale,head,source,origin,creator,firstborn,preeminence,christology,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Colossians 2:16-19

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 2:16-19 kephale,head,source,nourishment,body,growth,heresy,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Genesis 2:10

Sections: cross_references, exegesis

Genesis 2:10 rosh,headwater,source,rivers,Eden,kephale background,egalitarian
Theology greek term

κεφαλή (kephalē)

head; source/origin; preeminent one

greek
Theology greek term

צֵלָע (tsela)

side, rib, architectural side-chamber

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-14

Analysis of 'teshukah' (desire): lexicons show it could mean sexual desire or desire to dominate; it appears only 3 times in the OT.

Hebrew word study on 'desire' in Gen 3:16

Song 7:10 Gen 3:16 teshukah Gen 4:7
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Romans 12:6-8 — teaching and leading are listed as spiritual gifts alongside gifts women clearly have

Mike examines the gifts list in Romans 12 to determine whether women can have teaching and leadership gifts.

Romans 12:6-8 spiritual gifts teaching gift leadership gift
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Craig Blomberg's refutation: 'heis' (one) does not mean 'equal in all respects'

Mike uses Blomberg's analysis to defeat the argument that 'one' means total equality.

Galatians 3:28 Craig Blomberg equivocation fallacy Galatians 3:28
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

The debate centers on one specific thing: the meaning of kephale

Mike narrows the focus of this video to the definition and usage of kephale.

kephale lexical debate
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Four sections of the video: medical argument, church history argument, Bible study argument, Greek/lexical argument

Mike outlines the four egalitarian arguments he will address.

video structure medical argument church history argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Greek/lexical argument introduced: kephale means 'source' in Greek, not authority — the 'battle of the lexicons'

Mike introduces the fourth and largest egalitarian argument — the Greek lexical claim.

kephale lexical argument battle of the lexicons
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Lexical claims introduced: Lynn Cohick says lexicons in the 19th-20th centuries suggested 'source' but not 'leader'

Mike introduces the final and largest section — the lexical/Greek argument.

kephale Lynn Cohick lexical argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Lexicon survey conclusion: 15 surveyed, only 3 mention source, none assign source to any NT passage

Mike summarizes his comprehensive lexicon survey.

kephale lexicon survey results source meaning extremely rare
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Many lexicons that don't use the word 'leader' still support authority with terms like chief, subordinate, sovereignty, lord, ruler, master

Mike addresses the misleading focus on the specific word 'leader.'

kephale semantic equivalence misleading framing
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Richard Cervin's article — the source behind egalitarian lexical claims; problematic methodology

Mike identifies Richard Cervin as the key source behind egalitarian lexical arguments.

BDAG Wayne Grudem Richard Cervin
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Cervin uses only author-specific lexicons (Plato, Thucydides) from much earlier periods of Greek — not Koine Greek

Mike critiques Cervin's substitution of classical Greek lexicons for NT lexicons.

Plato Wayne Grudem Richard Cervin
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

The LSJ focuses on classical Greek (8th-4th century BC), not biblical Greek — its kephale entry ignores NT examples

Mike explains the limitations of the LSJ for NT interpretation.

kephale BDAG LSJ (Liddell-Scott-Jones)
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Greek word akatakalupto means 'uncovered,' not 'hair hanging freely'

Mike examines the hair-up proponents' evidence from Greek terms.

Leviticus 13:45 BDAG LSJ akatakalupto
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Euripides source: all published translations use clothing metaphor, not testicle

Mike examines the second and stronger piece of evidence.

Mark Goodacre translation comparison Troy Martin peribolaion
Mike Winger idea 2019-03-13

Strong's Concordance is not a thorough Greek resource; Bible software lexicons provide better word definitions.

Mike explains methodology for Greek word study.

King James Version Bible study methodology Strong's Concordance
Mike Winger idea 2019-07-03

Hebrew word ra — range of meaning includes calamity, distress, harm, not only moral evil

Mike examines the Hebrew word translated "evil" in Isaiah 45:7 using multiple lexicons

Isaiah 45:7 semantic range Isaiah 45:7 ra
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