Search — Theology Explorer

Street Epistemology Anthony Magnabosco definition of faith

Anthony Magnabosco defines faith with two tiers: trust for natural claims, "untestable truth" for supernatural claims

Examining the top Street Epistemology YouTuber's definition of faith

evangelism dialogue between Christians and atheists faith as indifference to truth

Michael J. Hooper's definition: faith means you don't care about truth — and how this blocks evangelism

Examining an extreme atheist definition of faith

resurrection of Jesus Street Epistemology faith and doubt

Street Epistemology question about ranking faith in pin-falling vs. resurrection — Mike argues it is designed to produce doubt, not seek truth

Q&A: Doug (Street Epistemology type) asks if faith in pin falling and faith in resurrection can be ranked

Romans 1:18-32 Romans 1:20 atheism Romans 1:18-32 cosmological argument

Romans 1:18-32 describes two divine judgments on those who suppress the evidence for God: sin and a debased mind

Q&A: Monica Poole asks how Street Epistemology relates to Romans 1

apologetics truth discipleship

Holistic discipleship: the false dichotomy between relationships and truth must be rejected

McDowell and Mike discuss the thesis of the book

apologetics fact-checking trust

Gen Z fact-checks in real time — credibility and truth-telling are now more important than ever for teachers and pastors

McDowell describes speaking at Berkeley and observing real-time fact-checking

parenting discipleship worldview

Practical parenting principle: integrate discipleship into activities you are already doing rather than adding new programs

McDowell addresses practical application for parents

truth Generation Z worldview

Gen Z's underlying worldview challenge: a consumer culture that conditions them to expect reality to conform to their desires rather than conform to external reality

McDowell identifies the deeper worldview issue beneath Gen Z's post-truth tendencies

apologetics Sam Harris parenting

Q&A: Advice for a homeschool mom — expose kids to real-world ideas rather than sheltering them; the principle of strategic exposure

Audience question from a homeschooling mother

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-01

How the slogan functions in practice: a rhetorical device to dismiss evidence without engaging it

Mike describes the actual real-world usage pattern he has encountered when presenting evidence for Christianity.

Apologetics Resurrection of Jesus Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-01

Problem 1: The slogan is self-defeating — it does not meet its own standard

First of five critiques of the slogan.

Circular reasoning Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence Self-defeating argument

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-01

Q&A: Have you asked atheists why they even care what people believe about God?

Question from Sadie Mayo.

Apologetics Atheism Motivation for anti-religion

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-08

It is not the Christian's job to change minds; our responsibility is to present truth and build a case, while God holds unbelievers accountable for their own response

Sidebar comment after discussing apologetic prophecies

evangelism apologetics human responsibility

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-08

Modern-day apostles: the original apostles were unique authoritative founders whose authority is now held in the NT canon; the movement claiming ongoing apostolic offices is unbiblical, though the lowercase term can refer to missionaries

Response to question about whether modern-day apostles are biblical

Luke apostolic authority apostolos Barnabas

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-08

1 John 4:2 — testing spirits by confession that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh carries the full theological weight of Messiah, incarnation, and OT fulfillment, not merely a verbal formula

Response to question about whether 1 John 4:2 is a sufficient test for false spirits

1 John 4:2 Incarnation Scripture authority Messiah

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Romans 2:12 establishes that some people were never under the Law of Moses; Gentiles are accountable through conscience

Biblical evidence for different accountability standards for Jews and Gentiles

Romans 2:12 Gentiles and the Law Romans 2:12 conscience and natural law

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

John 4:21-24 — Jesus tells the Samaritan woman that worship will shift from Jerusalem to "spirit and truth"

Example of Jesus himself signaling a transition beyond Mosaic Law structures

John 4:19-24 Deuteronomy centralization of worship John 4:19-24 worship in spirit and truth temple worship

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Q&A: strategy for reaching those deeply in Hebrew Roots movement -- speak truth in love, handle one issue at a time, use Acts 13-15 in Bible study format

Q&A response about evangelizing Hebrew Roots adherents

Acts 15 Acts 13 Acts 15 Hebrew Roots movement apologetics

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-30

Critique: limited atonement is mostly supported by philosophical reasoning, not direct scriptural teaching

Winger argues that most support for limited atonement comes from logical inference from other doctrines, not clear biblical texts.

theological method Scripture authority limited atonement

Mike Winger idea 2019-05-30

Universal atonement motivates evangelism; limited atonement undermines the sincere gospel call

Winger argues that Paul's evangelistic appeal in 2 Corinthians 5 flows directly from universal atonement and is inconsistent with limited atonement.

2 Corinthians 5 evangelism limited atonement universal atonement

gospel God's love universal sinfulness

The Christian message holds two truths together: all have sin AND God loves and saves

Proper gospel balance

God's love sin Steven Anderson

Two truths the world and Anderson each reject: all sin is terrible; yet God loves and saves

Symmetry of error between secular culture and Anderson

Romans 10:2 discernment zeal without knowledge Romans 10:2

Advice to Anderson followers: recognize the problems and apply a filter

Pastoral counsel to people in Anderson's orbit

media discernment Steven Anderson platform and influence

Advice to everyone else: unsubscribe, stop watching, starve Anderson's platform

Practical counsel on engaging (or not) with Anderson's content

Mike Winger idea 2019-07-17

2015 turning point: Sunday evening service and weekly video strategy

In June 2015, Winger's senior pastor offered him the freedom to teach an adult Sunday evening service, which catalyzed a new approach to his YouTube ministry.

biblical teaching verse-by-verse teaching ministry strategy

Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Rutherford praised the cross before reversing; the 1932 booklet What Is Truth introduced the stake

Rutherford — the same man who would later label the cross a pagan symbol — wrote glowingly of it in Harp of God: "The cross of Christ is the greatest pivotal truth of the divine arrangement from which radiates the hopes of men." The 1932 booklet What Is Truth introduced the torture-stake image.

cross torture stake Joseph Rutherford

apologetics universalism exclusivity of Christ

Six pluralist slogans to be addressed: the primary claim and five derivative phrases

Winger outlines the structure of the talk

religious pluralism tolerance cultural Christianity

The emotional appeal of pluralist slogans: kindness, avoiding anger, hope, tolerance

Winger demonstrates empathy with why people hold pluralist views before critiquing them

Pluralism is insulting to actual religions: each has a different destination and goal

Pluralism disrespects the distinct truth claims of individual religions

Islam heaven Hinduism

gospel proclamation exclusivity of Christ cultural Christianity

Fire alarm analogy: even if the messenger is a jerk, truth remains truth — cultural taboo vs. actual wrong

Further defense of proclaiming Jesus as the only way

Holy Spirit atonement grace

Conclusion: Jesus is the only way because he alone paid the full price for sin; Christianity makes real sense of human suffering

Final summary and invitation

apologetics false teaching gospel proclamation

Religious pluralism summarized as dangerous, not merely wrong: a false diagnosis that makes you feel good while killing you

Final evaluation of religious pluralism's impact

apologetics epistemology relativism

Q&A: Relativism — "there is no truth" is self-refuting; "no one can know truth" is also self-refuting

Viewer question from Isabell Chris

Mike Winger idea 2019-07-31

Q&A: Church history argument (1,500 years) fails — selective, skips earliest centuries, and John 16:13 is misapplied

A viewer invokes 1,500 years of church tradition and Christ's promise in John 16:13 to argue for infant baptism.

John 16:13 church history tradition Sola Scriptura

Holy Spirit epistemology faith and reason

Christians have confident, warranted belief in Christianity apart from evidence through the Holy Spirit

Core thesis introduced: knowledge of Christianity's truth comes primarily through the Holy Spirit, not evidence

1 John 5:9-10 epistemology witness of the Holy Spirit 1 John 5:9-10

God's witness is categorically greater than human testimony because God has all knowledge and cannot lie

Logical grounding for why the Spirit's witness has epistemic priority

Holy Spirit epistemology faith and reason

Proper logic and reason will never contradict genuine faith; apparent conflicts come from reasoning errors, not from reason itself

Q&A: whether logic can grieve the Holy Spirit