Filter results by source database — Scripture Commentary, Theology, Mike Winger, or Pulpit. Click a tab to narrow to one database.

...more
All (5484) Mike Winger (5484)
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

JW argument: cross symbol is pagan; cross = apostasy for other Christians

The Watchtower extends the stake argument to claim that the cross symbol is a pagan symbol that infiltrated Christianity. Anyone using a cross is therefore practicing paganism. This becomes a recruitment device: become a JW to fix your corrupted Christianity.

New World Translation apostasy Jehovah's Witnesses
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Atheists (Dan Barker) also use the cross-vs-stake argument to discredit Christianity

Beyond JWs, some atheists promote the idea that Jesus did not die on a cross. Winger specifically names Dan Barker, known in online atheist circles as an authority on New Testament Greek, who argues Christians are wrong about even the basic shape of the cross.

apologetics Dan Barker atheism
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

The etymological fallacy: a word's origin does not fix its meaning

The core linguistic error in the JW argument is the etymological fallacy — assuming that the root meaning of a word is always its current or proper meaning. Winger explains this is a recognized fallacy in linguistics.

etymological fallacy linguistics stauros
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Full quote from Douglas's New Bible Dictionary supports a traditional cross, not a stake

When the full entry from Douglas's New Bible Dictionary is read, it describes three historical types of crosses and leans toward the traditional lowercase-T cross for Jesus's crucifixion.

crucifixion stauros Douglas's New Bible Dictionary
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

BDAG lexicon also supports lowercase-T cross when read in full

The Bauer-Danker-Arndt-Gingrich (BDAG) Greek lexicon is another source the Watchtower cites selectively. Like Douglas's dictionary, the full entry supports a crossbeam on Jesus's cross.

BDAG selective quotation cross
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Theological Dictionary of the New Testament lists three cross forms including traditional cross

The Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (TDNT) is a third major scholarly source Winger cites. It describes stauros as used for three basic cross shapes.

TDNT crucifixion cross
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Alexamenos Graffito: earliest known artwork depicting Christ on a cross shows a T-shaped cross

The Alexamenos Graffito is a piece of graffiti mocking a Christian named Alexamenos, dated between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD (possibly as early as 80 AD). It shows a person with a donkey's head on a T-shaped cross, and a man worshiping below.

crucifixion cross early church history
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Epistle of Barnabas (early 2nd century) depicts the cross as a capital-T shape

The Epistle of Barnabas, written in the early second century (within ~100 years of Jesus's death), represents the cross of Christ using the capital letter T, implying a crossbeam.

Moses typology crucifixion
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Early NT manuscripts (P75, P66) abbreviate stauros with Tau-Rho symbol depicting a cross with crossbeam

In some of the earliest New Testament manuscripts, the Greek word stauros is abbreviated using the letters Tau (T) and Rho (P-shape), superimposed on each other to form a visual symbol. This combination appears to depict a man on a cross with a crossbeam.

crucifixion cross early church history
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Gospel evidence: titulus (sign above head) requires a lowercase-T cross, not a stake

Two of the four Gospels record that a sign (the titulus) was placed above Jesus's head on the cross, naming his charge. This detail is evidence for a lowercase-T shaped cross rather than a torture stake.

Matthew 27 John 19 crucifixion cross Matthew 27
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

The Watchtower did not always believe the torture-stake doctrine; the change occurred in 1931

Historical evidence shows the Watchtower itself used cross imagery and taught that Jesus died on a cross until 1931. The shift from cross to torture-stake was a doctrinal change introduced by Rutherford.

cross torture stake Watchtower
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Rutherford praised the cross before reversing; the 1932 booklet What Is Truth introduced the stake

Rutherford — the same man who would later label the cross a pagan symbol — wrote glowingly of it in Harp of God: "The cross of Christ is the greatest pivotal truth of the divine arrangement from which radiates the hopes of men." The 1932 booklet What Is Truth introduced the torture-stake image.

cross torture stake Joseph Rutherford
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

The real Watchtower error: denying the sufficiency of Christ's atonement, not just the shape of the cross

Winger argues that the cross-shape dispute, while useful in exposing Watchtower unreliability, is secondary to the far more serious Watchtower error: they deny that Jesus's death on the cross was sufficient to pay for sin.

Ephesians 2:8-9 John 19:30 justification by faith atonement Ephesians 2:8-9
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Head coverings in 1 Corinthians 11 — literal or metaphorical?

A viewer asks about 1 Corinthians 11 and head coverings. Winger gives his current tentative view without claiming certainty.

1 Corinthians 11 head coverings 1 Corinthians 11 authority
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Sinless perfection — not achievable in this life; a new body required

A viewer asks about sinless perfection. Winger holds that sinless perfection is a future reality (resurrection/glorification), not a present one.

pride glorification resurrection
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Jesus likely carried only the crossbeam (patibulum) to Golgotha, not the whole cross

A viewer raises the historical practice: condemned men typically carried only the crossbeam (patibulum) up to the place of execution, where a vertical post was already fixed.

crucifixion patibulum Golgotha
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Clarification: the etymological fallacy is a linguistic fallacy, not a logical fallacy

A viewer misunderstood Winger's use of the term "etymological fallacy," thinking he invented or misapplied it. Winger clarifies the distinction between logical and linguistic fallacies.

etymological fallacy linguistics stauros
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Can a Christian be demon-possessed? Winger argues no, based on Jesus's parable of the unoccupied house

A viewer asks whether Christians can have an unclean spirit/demon, and whether Winger's view implies deliverance ministry is only for unbelievers.

Matthew 12:43-45 Todd White exorcism Holy Spirit indwelling
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Does the Watchtower's New World Translation include a sign above Jesus's head on the stake?

A viewer asks whether the New World Translation includes the Gospel detail of a sign above Jesus's head, since that detail would complicate the torture-stake theory.

John 19:19 New World Translation cross torture stake
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Would you wear a gun necklace if Jesus had been shot? Yes — the cross symbolizes the instrument of our salvation

A viewer asks how to respond to the JW/Watchtower question: if Jesus had been shot, would you kiss a gun? Winger says he would possibly wear a gun necklace in that scenario — because the point is not the instrument but what was accomplished.

Galatians 6:14 1 Corinthians 1:18 atonement apologetics Watchtower
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Polygamy is inherently sinful; one-flesh marriage precludes a second wife by definition

A viewer asks how to demonstrate that polygamy is sinful for Christians. Winger argues from the nature of marriage itself and from both Testaments.

1 Timothy 3:2 Genesis 2:24 Titus 1:6 1 Timothy 3:2 Genesis 2:24 Titus 1:6
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Q&A: Is it wrong to wear a cross necklace? No, unless it becomes an idol or icon for protection

A viewer asks whether wearing a cross necklace is sinful. Winger says no in principle, but warns against specific misuses.

atonement Islam idolatry
Mike Winger idea 2019-09-04

Announcements: Gospel of Mark series (verse-by-verse), speaking at OC Rescue Mission on fulfilled prophecy

Winger announces ongoing ministry activities at the close of the livestream.

prophecy Gospel of Mark ministry announcements
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Introduction: "All roads lead to God" is simultaneously the most common and one of the worst objections to biblical Christianity

Opening segment where Winger frames the topic and establishes his thesis

apologetics exclusivity of Christ religious pluralism
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Six pluralist slogans to be addressed: the primary claim and five derivative phrases

Winger outlines the structure of the talk

apologetics universalism exclusivity of Christ
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

The emotional appeal of pluralist slogans: kindness, avoiding anger, hope, tolerance

Winger demonstrates empathy with why people hold pluralist views before critiquing them

religious pluralism tolerance cultural Christianity
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Logical analysis of "all roads lead to God": three possible meanings, two incoherent

Winger begins systematic dismantling of the primary slogan

Hebrews 9:27 universalism final judgment religious pluralism
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Refutation of "all religions work": Jim Jones and the Jonestown Massacre as a test case

First reductio ad absurdum argument against religious pluralism

reductio ad absurdum cults religious pluralism
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

9/11 terrorists and suicide bombers: sincerity and sacrifice do not validate a belief system

Continued reductio ad absurdum against "all religions work"

reductio ad absurdum Islam religious pluralism
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Pluralism is insulting to actual religions: each has a different destination and goal

Pluralism disrespects the distinct truth claims of individual religions

Islam heaven Hinduism
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Parachute analogy: three men jumping from a plane with a spacesuit, super suit, and parachute

Illustration to make vivid why "all religions work on their own terms" is nonsense

exclusivity of Christ religious pluralism analogy and illustration
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Second meaning of pluralism: no religion works, but everyone ends up with God anyway — hidden personal religion

Winger dismantles the second interpretation of "all roads lead to God"

evidence for Christianity universalism religious pluralism
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Christianity verified by public revelation, not private imagination — this is where it shines in apologetics

Positive case for Christianity emerging from the critique of pluralism

apologetics evidence for Christianity biblical prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Third meaning: all roads lead to God in judgment — this is true and sober

The one coherent interpretation of the slogan

Hebrews 9:27 gospel proclamation final judgment exclusivity of Christ
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Slogan 3: "All religions teach basically the same thing" — superficial similarities mask fundamental contradictions

Second major pluralist slogan addressed

apologetics comparative religion Buddhism
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Christian worldview distinctives: personal God, imago Dei, sin, grace, salvation by faith

Comparison of Christianity's core claims against other religions

atonement imago Dei incarnation
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Buddhism's fundamental claims contradict Christianity: impersonal reality, illusion, no enduring self, cessation as goal

Detailed comparative religion analysis of Buddhism vs. Christianity

imago Dei comparative religion suffering
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Islam's fundamental claims: closer to Christianity but built as a rejection of it — different God, no grace, no cross

Comparative religion analysis of Islam vs. Christianity

Revelation Islam salvation by works comparative religion
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

The logical stalemate: if someone claims to agree with all religions simultaneously, they cannot agree with you

Brief comedic summary of the comparative religion discussion

religious pluralism logic and argumentation self-refuting argument
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Slogan 2: "Jesus is the only way — how arrogant" — two analogies: wrong road and cancer doctor

Third slogan addressed (Winger addresses it second in ordering)

John 14:6 apologetics John 14:6 exclusivity of Christ
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Fire alarm analogy: even if the messenger is a jerk, truth remains truth — cultural taboo vs. actual wrong

Further defense of proclaiming Jesus as the only way

gospel proclamation exclusivity of Christ cultural Christianity
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Slogan 5: "Sincere people will be okay" — sincerity is not a sufficient standard

Fourth slogan addressed

human nature religious pluralism sincerity argument
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Slogan 6: "God knows our hearts and good people will be okay" — people are not actually good

Final and most substantial of the six slogans

original sin human nature total depravity
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Jesus raises the moral standard inward: lust as adultery, hatred as murder — God judges the inner person

Scriptural grounding for total depravity / the inadequacy of external goodness

Matthew 5:27-28 Matthew 5:21-22 lust inner life total depravity
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Gandhi as a test case for "good people" — his nightly nude sleeping with other women, including nieces

Response to the common invocation of Gandhi as the exemplar of a good non-Christian

apologetics grace human nature
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Conclusion: Jesus is the only way because he alone paid the full price for sin; Christianity makes real sense of human suffering

Final summary and invitation

Holy Spirit atonement grace
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Religious pluralism summarized as dangerous, not merely wrong: a false diagnosis that makes you feel good while killing you

Final evaluation of religious pluralism's impact

apologetics false teaching gospel proclamation
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Q&A: Is the God of Islam the same as the God of Christianity?

Viewer question from Kaeleen van Konan

Islam apologetics comparative religion
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Q&A: Are people who deny the Trinity but believe in salvation by grace through faith saved?

Viewer question from Devin Nicely

Trinity Holy Spirit apologetics
Mike Winger idea 2019-10-02

Q&A: Don't all religions claim exclusivity? — Yes, even pluralists are exclusivists

Viewer question from Devan Heather Switzer

exclusivity of Christ religious pluralism self-refuting argument
← Prev Page 60 of 110 Next →