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All (423) Scripture Commentary (134) Theology (28) Mike Winger (259) Pulpit (2)
Theology verse entry

Exodus 7:3

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Exodus 7:3 sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,Pharaoh
Theology verse entry

Romans 1:24-28

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis

Romans 1:24-28 soteriology,sovereignty,hardening,Calvinism,provisionism,judicial hardening
Theology verse entry

Romans 8:28-30

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

Romans 8:28-30 golden chain,foreknowledge,predestination,calling,justification,glorification,soteriology,Calvinist proof text
Theology verse entry

Colossians 1:15-18

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 1:15-18 kephale,head,source,origin,creator,firstborn,preeminence,christology,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Colossians 2:16-19

Sections: cross_references, exegesis, greek_analysis

Colossians 2:16-19 kephale,head,source,nourishment,body,growth,heresy,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

1 Timothy 5:21

Sections: exegesis

1 Timothy 5:21 bias,partiality,leaders,impartiality,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

Joshua 2:1-21

Sections: exegesis

Joshua 2:1-21 rahab,faith,messianic lineage,women leadership,deliverance
Theology greek term

διακρίνω (diakrino)

to discern, to evaluate, to judge

greek
Theology greek term

ἀνήρ/γυνή (aner/gyne)

man/woman OR husband/wife

greek
Theology greek term

σκληρύνω (sklērunō)

to harden, make stubborn

greek
Theology greek term

πρεσβύτερος (presbuteros)

elder, older man; church overseer/leader by seniority

greek
Theology greek term

ἀρχή (archē)

beginning, origin, source; rule, authority, first cause

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Belleville's defense: patronage of a house church was an authoritative role in Greco-Roman times

Mike reads Belleville's argument from Two Views on Women in Ministry (p. 37).

James Linda Belleville Two Views on Women in Ministry hosting vs. leading
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Keener's first argument: Paul never elsewhere appeals to 'the apostles' as a group

Mike evaluates and rebuts Keener's first argument.

Romans 16:7 Galatians 2:9 Craig Keener apostolic authority Romans 16:7
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Galatians 2:9 as counterexample to Keener's first argument

Mike argues Paul does appeal to apostles as a group elsewhere.

Galatians 2:9 James John Galatians 2:9 Paul's apostleship James
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Option 1: Junia as highest-sense apostle (like Peter or Paul)

Mike examines the strongest possible egalitarian reading.

Romans 16:7 Junia apostolic authority Romans 16:7
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Counterargument: 'well-known among the apostles' proves too much given their obscurity

Mike offers a significant rebuttal to the highest-sense reading.

Romans 16:7 Galatians 2 Junia Romans 16:7 Andronicus
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Craig Keener (egalitarian) agrees: cloth coverings, not hairstyles, are in view

Mike shows cross-position agreement on cloth coverings.

James Hurley Philip Payne Craig Keener James Hurley
Mike Winger idea 2018-02-14

Q&A — Bethel's view of sanctification through hardship: they do teach righteous living and learning through trials, but avoid applying the 'refining fire' principle to sickness

Q&A question from 'Truth and Grace'

James 1 1 Peter 1 Bill Johnson healing theology James 1
Mike Winger idea 2018-02-14

Q&A — Recommended teachers for biblical thinking: James White, Michael Brown, RC Sproul, John MacArthur, Leighton Flowers, Greg Koukl

Q&A question from Judah Matthews

John MacArthur James White John MacArthur RC Sproul James White
Mike Winger idea 2018-02-14

Q&A — Matthew 21:21 ('if you have faith you can move mountains'): must be interpreted alongside other prayer scriptures — faith, right motives (James 4), and God's will (1 John 5:14)

Q&A question from Judah Matthews

Matthew 21:21 James 4 1 John 5:14 prayer faith Matthew 21:21
Mike Winger idea 2018-01-31

Dr. James Henry Breasted (University of Chicago / Haskell Oriental Museum) calls Smith's interpretations wrong and shows he was unacquainted with basic Egyptian facts

Expert scholarly critique of the Book of Abraham facsimiles

James Henry Breasted Joseph Smith Pearl of Great Price Egyptology
Mike Winger idea 2018-04-18

David Mead's first Scripture abuse: Isaiah 24:1 and the 'polar shift' interpretation

Mike walks through Mead's Kindle book 'Will Planet X Signal the Rapture?' verse by verse. Isaiah 24:1 is the opening Scripture Mead uses.

Isaiah 24:1 David Mead Isaiah 24:1 Will Planet X Signal the Rapture
Mike Winger idea 2018-04-18

Translation comparison of Isaiah 24:1: KJV 'upside down' vs. NKJV/ESV/NASB/NIV renderings expose Mead's selective use of an English idiom

Mike uses Logos Bible Software to compare translations live, demonstrating that the KJV's 'turn it upside down' is an English idiom not supported by a literal Hebrew rendering.

Isaiah 24:1 NIV hermeneutics David Mead
Mike Winger idea 2018-01-24

Book of Abraham (Pearl of Great Price), chapter 4: creation is described as 'the gods' organizing matter — explicitly polytheistic and not ex nihilo.

Mike reads from official Mormon scripture to demonstrate the polytheistic view of creation embedded in LDS canonical texts.

Joseph Smith Book of Abraham Pearl of Great Price
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

James 2 as the key battleground in the faith-alone vs. faith-plus-works debate

Introduction to the video topic

James 2 James 2 justification by faith alone sola fide
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Catholicism, Mormonism, Jehovah's Witnesses all oppose sola fide — Mike sees their agreement as confirming the unique gospel

Positioning the debate lines

Mormonism Jehovah's Witnesses sola fide
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Mike has a four-part video series on Catholicism and repeatedly gets challenged on James 2 in comment sections

Personal ministry context and motivation for the video

James 2 apologetics James 2 Catholicism
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Protestant position: salvation by grace through faith apart from works — Ephesians 2:8-9

Setting up the Protestant side of the debate

Ephesians 2:8-9 Ephesians 2:8-9 sola fide grace
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Catholic counter-argument: James 2:24 is the only place 'faith alone' appears in Scripture — and it negates it

Presenting the Catholic response to sola fide

James 2:24 sola fide James 2:24 Trent Horn
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Protestant counter using Romans 3:28 and Romans 4 — Abraham justified by faith, not works

Presenting the Protestant response to James 2:24

Romans 3:28 Romans 4 justification by faith Abraham Romans 3:28
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Catholic counter using James 2:21 — Abraham justified by works when he offered Isaac

Continuing the back-and-forth debate structure

James 2:21 Abraham Isaac faith vs. works
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Using scripture against scripture is bad methodology — it appears to create contradictions and 'the atheist wins'

Mike's methodological critique of how both sides typically argue

hermeneutics proof-texting apologetics
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Proper methodology: verse-by-verse contextual study of the passage being debated rather than countering with other passages

Mike's positive hermeneutical proposal

James 2:14-26 hermeneutics contextual interpretation James 2:14-26
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Full reading of James 2:14-26

Setting the passage before beginning verse-by-verse analysis

James 2:24 James 2:21 James 2:14-26 Abraham James 2:24 James 2:21
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Hermeneutics — the art and science of understanding a text; theological word meanings vs. dictionary word meanings

Introducing the key hermeneutical principle for the James 2 debate

hermeneutics semantic range word meaning vs. theological meaning
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Greek word 'sozo' (saved) does not always carry theological salvation meaning — Philippians 1:19 as example

Illustrating the theological vs. dictionary meaning distinction with 'saved'

Philippians 1:19 semantic range sozo salvation
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

1 Timothy 2:15 — 'saved in childbearing' as further example of non-theological use of 'saved'

Second example of 'saved' used in a non-salvific sense

1 Timothy 2:15 semantic range 1 Timothy 2:15 sozo
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Greek 'theos' does not always refer to the God of Christian theology — it can mean any deity or powerful being

Extending the semantic range principle to 'God'

semantic range theos theological definition vs. dictionary definition
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

2 Corinthians 4:4 — 'theos' used twice in one verse: once for Satan, once for God

Concrete example of 'theos' with different meaning levels in a single verse

2 Corinthians 4:4 semantic range theos 2 Corinthians 4:4
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Hebrew 'Elohim' is even more flexible — used for angels, human judges, deities, and the God of Israel

Extending the semantic range discussion to the Hebrew word for God

semantic range Elohim Hebrew vocabulary
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

The key question: does James use 'justified' in the theological sense or the dictionary sense?

Applying the semantic range principle directly to the James 2 debate

James 2 hermeneutics James 2 theological definition vs. dictionary definition
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Three senses of 'justified' (dikaioo): (1) made right with God, (2) declared righteous, (3) shown/proved/vindicated as right

Laying out the semantic range of the Greek word for justification

semantic range imputed righteousness dikaioo
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Luke 7:29 — tax collectors 'justified God' proves 'justified' can mean vindicated/validated, not salvifically made righteous

Key proof text showing non-theological use of 'justified' in the New Testament without needing Greek knowledge

Luke 7:29 semantic range dikaioo justification
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Conclusion of hermeneutical argument: 'justified' in James 2 means proven/demonstrated to be right, not salvifically made righteous

Applying the Luke 7:29 argument back to James 2

James 2 hermeneutics James 2 dikaioo
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

James 2:14 — 'Can that faith save him?' — the hypothetical about someone who says he has faith but lacks works

Beginning verse-by-verse analysis of James 2:14

James 2:14 dead faith James 2:14 saving faith
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

James's 'works' are not Catholic sacraments — they are practical Christian obedience (tongue, helping the poor, staying unspotted from the world)

Clarifying what 'works' means in James, contrasted with Catholic sacramental works

James 1:22-27 Catholicism James 1:22-27 works
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

James 1:22-27 read in context — James's 'works' are being a doer of the word, controlling the tongue, and helping orphans and widows

Reading James 1 to establish the meaning of 'works' before analyzing James 2

James 1:22-27 James 1:22-27 works doers of the word
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

James 2:14 introduces 'easy believism' — the person who says 'Jesus is my Savior but not my Lord'

Identifying the theological problem James 2 addresses

James 2:14 dead faith James 2:14 easy believism
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-14

Greek article 'that' (hē) in James 2:14 — 13 of 16 translations include it, pointing to 'that particular faith' as the referent

Textual note on James 2:14 — 'can that faith save him'

James 2:14 textual criticism translation practice James 2:14
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