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Scripture Commentary article 2024-02-07

Why Mike Winger is Wrong About “Authenteō” in 1 Timothy 2:12 – and Why It Matters

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 12 on the meaning of authenteō in 1 Timothy 2:12

1 Cor. 7:13 1 Corinthians 12:27-31 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Timothy 2 Women in Leadership Debates

Scripture Commentary article 2010-06-02

Submission And Origin Of Authority

When is authority given and when can it be rightfully assumed. These are questions that have divided egalitarians and complementarians in the area of marriage

Ephesians 5:21 Ephesians 6:7 Ephesians 6:9 Ephesians 5 Authority & Submission Women in Leadership

Scripture Commentary tweet 2023-10-24

@pauldirks @KaeleyT Thanks for the response and clarifications. To answer your first questions: The Bible argues that God has instituted authorities to maintain order and serve the common good. Romans 13:1-7 is a central passage that addresses this...

@pauldirks @KaeleyT Thanks for the response and clarifications. To answer your first questions: The Bible argues that God has instituted authorities to maintain order and serve the common good. Roma

Why Mike Winger is Wrong About “Authenteō” in 1 Timothy 2:12 – and Why It Matters

Submission And Origin Of Authority

@pauldirks @KaeleyT Thanks for the response and clarifications. To answer your first questions: The Bible argues that God has instituted authorities to maintain order and serve the common good. Romans 13:1-7 is a central passage that addresses this...

Ephesians 5:18-33

Colossians 3:18-19

1 Corinthians 15:28

ὑποτάσσω (hypotassō)

Is Phoebe a deacon? Analysis of Romans 16:1 and the word diakonos

Rebuttal: marriage is not merely a human institution -- Genesis, Jesus, and Paul all ground it in God

Queens had authority over men, and Romans 13:1 commands submission to them

Romans 13:7 echoes the 'Render to Caesar' teaching of Jesus (Mark 12:14-17)

Government mandates on indoor gatherings (COVID): default to submission unless clearly convinced it is government oppression of religious freedom

Grace Community Church COVID decision: Mike is on the fence — neither fully endorsing nor opposing their refusal to close

Fighting pornography addiction — battle is lost before you even feel overwhelmed

No single biblical form of government; Christianity fits any system through principles

Romans 13:1 requires submission to governing authorities, but the command to gather (Hebrews 10:25) creates a potential tension during COVID restrictions

Mike wrestles with whether the American Revolution violated Romans 13 (submission to government), concluding he cannot make a confident judgment but personally sympathizes with the revolutionaries and affirms his current submission to the established American government.

Mike addresses the morality of soldiers killing in war, arguing that just war is a real category but that individual soldiers must personally discern whether a given war is just rather than simply following orders.

Christians can and should serve in government; Romans 13 and Romans 12:17 are not contradictory — private morality and governmental justice operate on different principles.

Christians should pay taxes even to corrupt governments that use money for immoral purposes — Jesus said to pay taxes to Rome, which would use that money to crucify him. Romans 13:1-7 teaches we OWE government obedience, taxes, fear, and honor.

Honor the office even when you despise the officeholder — "salute the rank, not the person." Christians who only honor leaders they agree with are operating from party affiliation, not biblical integrity.

Romans 13:1-4 endorses the death penalty in the NEW Testament era — the government "bears the sword" as "God's avenger who carries out God's wrath on the wrongdoer." Romans 12:19 commands individuals NOT to avenge — leave it to government.

Objections answered: (1) Jesus's "turn the other cheek" refutes personal vengeance, not governmental justice; (2) David's pardon is a divine exception, not a rule; (3) John 8 (woman in adultery) was a mob, not a court — and the passage is textually questionable.

Were the Nazis Appointed by God?: Were the Nazis as a government authority "appointed by God" according to Romans 13?

Giving Time vs. Money?: Is it ever OK to give time instead of money to church? How do we balance giving vs. saving, especially if giving might cause debt (Mark 12: 41-44, Romans 13:1-8)? I also have a family to provide for.

Romans 13 & Corrupt Government: Many preachers use Romans 13 to promote supporting our current governmental leadership. Yet those same preachers were anti-Biden or anti-Democratic when he was in office. How do we walk that out rightly?

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