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Scripture Commentary article 2025-07-26

κεφαλή (kephale) — Logos Clippings (Cheryl Schatz)

A curated collection of Logos Bible Software clippings compiled by Cheryl Schatz examining the Greek word κεφαλή (kephale) and Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh). The clippings draw from lexicons, encyclopedias, commentaries, and academic journals to argue that "source/origin" is the primary metaphorical meaning of kephale rather than "authority/leader," with implications for interpreting 1 Corinthians 11, Ephesians 5, and Colossians 1.

1 Cor. 11:12 1 Cor. 11:8 1 Cor. 1:5 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary article 2023-03-09

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Apostles

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 5 on whether women were apostles in the New Testament

1 Corinthians 12:28 1 Corinthians 12:7 1 Corinthians 15:5 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2023-01-17

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Male Headship: Is It Really Biblical?

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 8 on male headship and whether it is really biblical

1 Corinthians 11:3 1 Corinthians 3:16-17 1 Corinthians 6:18-20 Ephesians 5 1 Corinthians 11 Headship & Kephale
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-25

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong: Women Leaders in the New Testament (PART B)

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 4 on women leaders in the New Testament (Part B)

1 Chronicles 29:6 1 Corinthians 12:21 1 Corinthians 15:32 Women in Leadership Debates
Scripture Commentary article 2022-11-24

What Winger Presently Gets Wrong With Genesis 1–3: ‘Was Women’s Submission Just A Curse To Be Overturned?’

Response to Mike Winger's Women in Ministry Part 2 on Genesis 1-3 and whether women's submission was just a curse to be overturned

1 Corinthians 11:7-10 1 Corinthians 15:22 1 Corinthians 16:15-16 Genesis & Creation Authority & Submission Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2009-04-19

Paul_And_Genesis

This is the sixth in a series of simulated interviews with the Apostle Paul taken from the position of what he might say if we could transport Paul from the New Testament account through a time tunnel into our present day

1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2:13 1 Timothy 2:14 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2009-01-21

Who Was Judge Deborah Or Barak

The story of Deborah and Barak in the book of Judges has caused many hierarchists to assign the God-given work of judge delivering the people of Israel to Barak while denying that God raised up Deborah as a deliverer. By assigning a calling to Barak that scripture never assigns, it appears that the

Isaiah 11:32 Isaiah 3:12 Judges 2:16 Women in Leadership Complementarianism
Scripture Commentary article 2008-10-03

Women Leaders To Judge Sinful Men

It is very common for hierarchists to explain away Deborah’s position as Judge in the nation of Israel as merely a judgment by God

Isaiah 11:32 Isaiah 3:1 Isaiah 3:12 Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2008-08-25

Satan The Liar 2

We have been looking at Jesus’ words in John 8:44 which says that there is no truth in satan. We are comparing this to satan’s words through the serpent in Genesis 3:5 and God’s words in Genesis 3:22

Genesis 3:22 Genesis 3:5 John 8:44 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary article 2006-12-02

What Does 1 Timothy 211 15 Mean

I was challenged to present my view of 1 Timothy 2:11-15 on another blog and I thought it would be good to summarize my view on my own blog. Here is the teaching from “Women in Ministry Silenced or Set Free

1 Timothy 1:11-15 1 Timothy 2:11-15 1 Timothy 2:12 1 Timothy 2 Adam & Eve Women in Leadership
Scripture Commentary article 2006-03-13

Wasnt The Garden Created Before Adam Was Created

> Q: Doesn’t Genesis 2:8 simply say that God had already planted a garden and then put man into it after he was formed. Don’t the following verses then go on to describe what the garden was composed of, not a sequential account of the garden being formed after the man

Genesis 2:19 Genesis 2:8 Ruth 90 Genesis & Creation
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-05-31

@xforumuk @travismsnow I’m using Logos Bible software. Your first link was from the Septuagint which is the Greek translation of the Hebrew text. In that case, both Gen 1:1 and Ex 20:11 are consistent in the Greek using the singular heaven. But the ...

@xforumuk @travismsnow I’m using Logos Bible software. Your first link was from the Septuagint which is the Greek translation of the Hebrew text. In that case, both Gen 1:1 and Ex 20:11 are consisten

Ex 20:11 Gen 1:1 debate
Scripture Commentary tweet 2025-03-05

@BigDfromWV9 @smashbaals Are you aware that the Septuagint is the Greek translat

@BigDfromWV9 @smashbaals Are you aware that the Septuagint is the Greek translation from the Hebrew Scriptures done mid 2nd century BC by ~70 Jewish translators/scholars? Long before the Vatican exis

question
Scripture Commentary tweet 2024-09-07

@XChardain @masonmennenga Do you accept the Greek Septuagint translation of the

@XChardain @masonmennenga Do you accept the Greek Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Scriptures before the time of Jesus?

question
Theology verse entry

1 Peter 3:1-9

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Peter 3:1-9 submission,wives,husbands,Sarah,mutual-honor,egalitarian,context,obedience,intimidation
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 8:6

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 8:6 lordship,Jesus,authority,husbands,egalitarian
Theology verse entry

1 Corinthians 11:2-9

Sections: cross_references, debate_points, exegesis, greek_analysis

1 Corinthians 11:2-9 kephale,head covering,source,origin,authority,man woman,glory,image,aner gyne,egalitarian,Trinity,hierarchy,husband,wife,creation
Theology greek term

κύριος (kyrios)

lord / master / sir

greek
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Greek construction difference: 'kai' instead of 'nor' for male and female, alluding to Genesis 1:27

Mike provides grammatical background on the Greek text of Galatians 3:28.

Galatians 3:28 Genesis 1:27 Galatians 3:28 kai Genesis 1:27
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

LEH Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (2003): kephale means 'leader' — no mention of source

Mike surveys the LEH Septuagint lexicon.

kephale Septuagint LEH Septuagint Lexicon
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Peter Glare, editor of the LSJ, writes to Grudem agreeing with his conclusions — 'the supposed sense source of course does not exist'

Mike presents the dramatic climax of the lexical argument — the LSJ's own editor sides with Grudem.

kephale Wayne Grudem LSJ (Liddell-Scott-Jones)
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Glare: kephale translates Hebrew rosh meaning leader/chief; by NT times Septuagint usage was well-established; LSJ has 'inadequacies'

Mike continues reading Glare's letter with additional important points.

kephale Septuagint Richard Cervin
Mike Winger idea 2022-07-18

Glare: 'in most cases the sense of the head as being the controlling agent is the one required'

Mike reads the conclusion of Glare's letter.

kephale Wayne Grudem Peter Glare
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Analysis of Micah 6:4: the Hebrew word for 'lead' has God as the subject, not Miriam — Belleville stretches the text.

Rebutting Belleville's first claim about Miriam

Micah 6:4 Linda Belleville Miriam Septuagint
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Textual issue in Isaiah 3:12: the Hebrew word for 'women' may actually be 'creditors' — the consonants are identical, only vowels differ.

Textual criticism of Isaiah 3:12

Isaiah 3:12 NET Bible Septuagint Isaiah 3:12
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Greek word akatakalupto means 'uncovered,' not 'hair hanging freely'

Mike examines the hair-up proponents' evidence from Greek terms.

Leviticus 13:45 BDAG LSJ akatakalupto
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Greek katakalupto: never used for hair in ancient Greek, always refers to cloth covering

Mike presents the strongest Greek evidence for cloth coverings.

Genesis 38:15 BDAG katakalupto Septuagint
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Three reasons the Greek pushes against the hair-done-up view

Mike summarizes the Greek evidence against the hairstyle interpretation.

men's head coverings katakalupto hair-up view
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

kata kephales in verse 4: Septuagint evidence from Esther 6:12 confirms cloth covering

Mike examines another Greek phrase supporting cloth coverings.

Esther 6:12 Septuagint Preston Massie kata kephales
Mike Winger idea 2018-08-29

Psalm 22:16 textual debate: 'like a lion' vs. 'they pierced' — three sources support 'pierced'

Ra claims 'they pierced my hands and feet' in Psalm 22:16 is a mistranslation — the correct Hebrew is 'like a lion they were at my hands and feet'

Psalm 22:16 Septuagint Psalm 22:16 Crucifixion prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2021-01-15

The shorter Septuagint Jeremiah vs. the longer Hebrew Masoretic Jeremiah — reasons to trust the longer canonical form

Question from Leor about which version of Jeremiah is correct.

Jeremiah Peter Williams Jeremiah Old Testament canon
Mike Winger idea 2021-04-23

Hebrews 12:6 uses "scourges" (from the Septuagint of Proverbs 3:12) to describe God's fatherly discipline; the intensified language is contextually appropriate fatherly correction, not brutal punishment.

Q6 from Stephanie: Hebrews 12:5-6 quotes Proverbs 3:11-12 but ends with "scourge" — why does it imply God brutally whips every believer?

Hebrews 12:5-6 Proverbs 3:11-12 Septuagint (LXX) Hebrews 12:5-6 Proverbs 3:11-12
Mike Winger idea 2019-11-06

Isaiah 52:15 — "he shall sprinkle many nations" — uses sacrificial terminology (sprinkling blood on the altar). Multiple ancient translations confirm "sprinkle" over "startle." The Septuagint of Isaiah 53 is unreliable in several key places.

Debate over "sprinkle" vs. "startle" in Isaiah 52:15 and the Septuagint problem

Isaiah 52:13-15 Isaiah 52:13-15 Septuagint reliability sacrificial terminology
Mike Winger idea 2023-02-17

About the Septuagint & Masoretic Text: Is the Greek LXX (Septuagint) considered a flawed copy? The genealogy of Shem adds hundreds of years which is quite significant. Is the Masoretic Text inerrant, or am I misunderstanding inerrancy?

Q&A question: About the Septuagint & Masoretic Text

biblical inerrancy
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

The LXX More Reliable for Typology?: Is the Septuagint more reliable for finding Jesus in the Old Testament? S. Douglas Woodward & others say that messianic passages & timelines in the Masoretic Text were altered in 2nd century to keep Jews from converting to Christianity.

Q&A question: The LXX More Reliable for Typology?

Jesus