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Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Matthew 5:20-48 shows Jesus intensifying the Law (anger=murder, lust=adultery) to reveal how far short everyone falls

Winger's reading of the antitheses in the Sermon on the Mount

Matthew 5:20-48 Sermon on the Mount Matthew 5:20-48 antitheses
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

The Law functions as a tutor to lead people to Christ—Sermon on the Mount sets up the gospel

Soteriological purpose of the Mosaic Law

Galatians 3:24 Galatians 3:24 Sermon on the Mount paidagogos
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Jesus's ministry was exclusively to Jews (Matt 15:24; Matt 10:5)—the Sermon on the Mount is a Jewish address, not a Gentile one

Contextual argument that Matthew 5 cannot be applied directly to Gentiles

Matthew 10:5 Matthew 15:24 Matthew 6:32 Matthew 10:5 Matthew 15:24 Jewish audience of Jesus
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Romans 1:16 — "To the Jew first and also to the Greek" reflects a sequential gospel mission, not simultaneous Law-imposition

Connecting the Jewish-first mission to the broader outreach pattern

Romans 1:16 Gentile mission Romans 1:16 to the Jew first
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Summary of Matthew 5 exegesis: Law fulfilled (completed), not abolished; accomplished in totality, not stripped piece by piece; not relaxed but done

Winger's three-point summary of Matthew 5:17-19

Matthew 5:17-19 abolish vs. fulfill pleroo Matthew 5:17-19
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Three problems with the Hebrew Roots use of Matthew 28: it misreads Matthew 5, ignores everything Jesus commanded, and contradicts how the Apostles actually applied it

Winger's three-pronged critique of the Matthew 28 argument

Matthew 28:20 Hebrew Roots movement Great Commission Gentiles and the Law
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

John 4:21-24 — Jesus tells the Samaritan woman that worship will shift from Jerusalem to "spirit and truth"

Example of Jesus himself signaling a transition beyond Mosaic Law structures

John 4:19-24 Deuteronomy centralization of worship John 4:19-24 worship in spirit and truth temple worship
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

John 13:34 — Jesus gives a "new commandment" to love one another, which becomes the defining law of the New Covenant

The law of Christ defined

John 13:34 Jeremiah 31:33 New Covenant John 13:34 new commandment
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Preview: Book of Acts will be examined next to show how the Apostles actually applied Jesus's commands regarding the Law

Transition to future installments of the series

Acts 10 Acts 15 Acts 10 Acts 15 Gentile mission
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Are Jewish believers required to keep the Mosaic Law? No, but cultural/traditional practice may be permitted if not causing division

Nuanced pastoral answer about Jewish Christians and the Law

Romans 14 Romans 14 Christian liberty conscience
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Modesty in dress is a New Testament command—not law-keeping—and our culture is distorted about it

Pastoral application question about dress standards

Christian living modesty New Testament ethics
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Jesus likely knew his messianic identity by age 12 (Luke 2 temple incident), but what he knew before that is uncertain

Theological question about the development of Jesus's self-awareness

Luke 2:49 incarnation hypostatic union Luke 2:49
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: 1 John 3:4 — "sin is lawlessness" refers to transgression of God's commands broadly, not specifically the Law of Moses

Response to a Hebrew Roots proof text

1 John 3:4 1 John 3:4 anomia lawlessness
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Acts 15:21 is used by Hebrew Roots to justify Gentile Torah observance — Winger defers to full treatment next week

Preview of upcoming Acts 15 analysis

Acts 15:21 119 Ministries Gentiles and the Law Jerusalem Council
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Mosaic Law on servants — corporal punishment was permitted; killing or maiming a servant freed them; Winger defends this as reasonable in historical context

Response to a question about slavery and beating in the OT law

Leviticus servant laws slavery in the OT Leviticus servant laws corporal punishment
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Romans 2:12 undermines the claim that everyone has always been under the Mosaic Law — Winger does not know how Hebrew Roots explains it

Engagement with a counter-question about Hebrew Roots consistency

Romans 2:12 Hebrew Roots movement Gentiles and the Law Romans 2:12
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Those who never hear the gospel — Winger says the way is narrow but defers to his dedicated teaching on the topic

Classic theological question about the unevangelized

Matthew 7:14 Matthew 7:14 universalism unevangelized
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Winger has not fully responded to Digital Hammurabi's rebuttal of his Tyre prophecy video — discusses the two main counter-points

Apologetics discussion about Ezekiel's Tyre prophecy

Ezekiel apologetics Ezekiel biblical prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Apostles were willing to die repeatedly for the resurrection—this demonstrates sincerity without needing proof they were offered a final recantation option

Brief apologetics note on the resurrection and martyrdom argument

resurrection apologetics apostolic martyrdom
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Closing: Next week will cover the Hebrew Roots interpretation of Acts, especially Acts 10 and Acts 15

Series summary and next steps

Acts 10 Acts 15 Acts 10 Acts 15 Hebrew Roots movement
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Introduction: cumulative case for Christianity

Mike Winger introduces Jonathan McLatchie and the format for the livestream — seven lines of argument for Christianity, each with an explanation, example, and objection.

apologetics cumulative case apologetics Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Prophecy of the destruction of Tyre (Ezekiel 26)

McLatchie presents Ezekiel 26 as a case study in fulfilled non-messianic predictive prophecy.

Ezekiel 26 Ezekiel 26 Nebuchadnezzar Alexander the Great
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Isaiah 52:13-53:12 as messianic prophecy — full reading

McLatchie reads and introduces the Suffering Servant passage of Isaiah 53 as the premier example of messianic prophecy.

Isaiah 52:13-53:12 Suffering Servant substitutionary atonement messianic prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Argument for the deity of Christ from Isaiah 52:13 — "high and lifted up"

McLatchie presents one of four arguments for the deity of the Messiah embedded within Isaiah 52-53.

Isaiah 52:13 Isaiah 6:1 Isaiah 2 Suffering Servant deity of Christ Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Objection: Isaiah 53 is about Israel, not Jesus — and response

McLatchie addresses the modern rabbinic argument that Isaiah 53's Suffering Servant is a personification of the nation of Israel.

Isaiah 53 Isaiah 42 Isaiah 49 Isaiah 53 Suffering Servant messianic prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Unity of the Bible as a second argument for divine inspiration

Mike Winger introduces the unity of Scripture as a distinct argument from prophecy for divine inspiration.

divine inspiration Jonathan McLatchie unity of Scripture
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Divine plurality in Zechariah 2 — Yahweh sent by Yahweh

McLatchie gives Zechariah 2 as an example of intricate harmonies pointing to the Trinity in the Old Testament.

Zechariah 2 Zechariah 4:8-9 Jonathan McLatchie intricate harmonies Zechariah 2
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Proverbs 30:1-4 — God and his Son in the Hebrew Bible

McLatchie highlights Proverbs 30:1-4 as an often-overlooked text implying the divine sonship within the Hebrew Scriptures.

Hosea 11:1 Proverbs 30:1-4 Hosea 11:1 divine sonship Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Isaiah 63 — Three persons of the Trinity in the Old Testament

McLatchie presents Isaiah 63:7-10 as containing all three persons of the Trinity within a single Old Testament passage.

Mark 2 Isaiah 63:7-10 Psalm 78:40 Holy Spirit Mark 2 Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

The Angel of the Lord as the messianic figure — Malachi 3 and Judges 2

McLatchie connects the Angel of the Lord to the "messenger of the covenant" in Malachi 3, establishing the Angel of the Lord as a messianic figure.

Malachi 3:1 Judges 2:1 Malachi 3:1 Jonathan McLatchie Trinity in Old Testament
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Winger invitation to deeper study: Jesus in the Old Testament series

Mike Winger points viewers to his 20-video series on Jesus in the Old Testament and other examples of intricate harmonies (Abraham/Isaac, priestly robes, Melchizedek, the Servant of the Lord).

typology Abraham Jesus in the Old Testament
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Why unity argument doesn't work for Islam — Quran vs. Bible authorship

Cameron Bertuzzi's question: if unity of Scripture argues for divine inspiration, why doesn't it work for the Quran?

Islam divine inspiration Quran
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

New Testament as the decryption key for Old Testament theology

Winger summarizes the unity argument: the NT makes sense of the OT, and the OT prepares for the NT.

New Testament Old Testament progressive revelation
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Undesigned coincidences — definition and how they demonstrate historicity

Winger asks McLatchie to explain undesigned coincidences as a distinct argument for the historicity of the New Testament.

undesigned coincidences eyewitness testimony Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Undesigned coincidence: why Jesus addressed Philip at the feeding of the 5,000

McLatchie's first example of an undesigned coincidence involving John 6, John 12, and Luke 9.

John 6:5 John 12:21 Luke 9:10 undesigned coincidences Jonathan McLatchie John 6:5
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Undesigned coincidence: John's Passover timeline and Mark's narrative calibrate perfectly

McLatchie's second Gospel-based undesigned coincidence — the precise synchronization of John 12 and Mark 11-14.

John 12:1 Mark 11-14 triumphal entry undesigned coincidences Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Lydia McGrew's book on undesigned coincidences

Winger references Lydia McGrew's scholarly work as a resource for deeper study on undesigned coincidences.

undesigned coincidences Lydia McGrew historicity of the Gospels
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

General reliability of the Gospels and Acts as a fourth argument

Winger and McLatchie introduce the general historical reliability of the Gospels and Acts as an additional, related argument.

methodological naturalism Jonathan McLatchie historicity of the Gospels
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Extra-biblical corroboration: Mark 10 — why Jesus taught about divorce in that context

McLatchie uses Mark 10's divorce passage to show Josephus provides context explaining why the teaching is historically plausible.

John the Baptist Mark 10:2-12 Josephus John the Baptist Herod Antipas
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Extra-biblical corroboration: Luke 3 — soldiers on active duty near John the Baptist

McLatchie presents a subtle corroboration between Luke 3's soldiers and the specific military situation in the region during John the Baptist's ministry.

John the Baptist Luke 3:14 Josephus John the Baptist Herod Antipas
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Acts corroboration: Ananias falsely acting as high priest — Acts 23

McLatchie gives a final Acts example showing extra-biblical corroboration explaining an apparent difficulty in the text.

Acts 23:1-5 Josephus Jonathan McLatchie historicity of Acts
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Peter Williams — Can We Trust the Gospels?

Winger recommends Peter Williams's book as a resource for the general reliability of the Gospels.

Peter Williams historicity of the Gospels Can We Trust the Gospels?
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Unlikely origin of the disciples' belief in the deity of Jesus — fifth argument

McLatchie introduces the argument that the disciples' belief in Jesus's deity is historically inexplicable without the resurrection, given the Jewish context.

Numbers 23:19 Deuteronomy 21:23 resurrection deity of Christ Justin Martyr
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Objection: Jesus's deity borrowed from pagan deities — and response

Addressing the popular online claim that the deity of Jesus was borrowed from pagan mythologies.

deity of Christ Jonathan McLatchie pagan deity parallels
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Kalam Cosmological Argument — everything that begins to exist has a cause

McLatchie presents the Kalam Cosmological Argument as part of natural theology.

Big Bang natural theology Kalam cosmological argument
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Biological complexity — DNA as digitally encoded information pointing to design

McLatchie introduces biological fine-tuning and intelligent design via biological complexity.

natural theology Jonathan McLatchie DNA
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Homochirality problem — origin of life obstacle

McLatchie raises the chirality problem as a further challenge to naturalistic origin-of-life scenarios.

Jonathan McLatchie intelligent design homochirality
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Antony Flew's conversion from atheism due to biological complexity

Winger cites Antony Flew as a historical example of someone persuaded by biological complexity to abandon atheism.

biological fine-tuning intelligent design Antony Flew
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Cosmic fine-tuning — constants and fundamental properties of the universe

McLatchie presents the argument from cosmic fine-tuning: the fundamental constants of the universe appear precisely calibrated for life.

natural theology Jonathan McLatchie cosmic fine-tuning
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Bayesian approach: fine-tuning evidence favors theism over atheism

McLatchie articulates a Bayesian argument: the fine-tuning evidence is far more expected on theism than on atheism.

natural theology Jonathan McLatchie cosmic fine-tuning
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