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All (4093) Mike Winger (4093)
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Objection: anthropic principle — we shouldn't be surprised we live in a life-permitting universe

McLatchie addresses the anthropic objection to the fine-tuning argument.

John Leslie Jonathan McLatchie apologetics objections cosmic fine-tuning
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Why natural theology arguments point to the God of Christianity, not Hinduism

McLatchie explains why the cosmological and design arguments favor the Abrahamic God over polytheistic conceptions.

Mormonism polytheism monotheism
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Philosophical argument for the Trinity from God's essential love

McLatchie presents a philosophical argument that the triune nature of God is required by God's essential attribute of selfless love.

1 John 4:8 Trinity Islam Richard Swinburne
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Historical case for the resurrection — basis and overview

McLatchie introduces the historical argument for the resurrection of Jesus, which is the seventh main line of argument.

1 Corinthians 15 Acts 1 Luke Craig Keener 1 Corinthians 15 resurrection of Jesus
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

1 Corinthians 15 creedal tradition — early apostolic testimony to the resurrection

McLatchie analyzes 1 Corinthians 15:3-7 as a pre-Pauline creed containing the earliest testimony to the resurrection.

1 Corinthians 15:3-7 Galatians 1:18-19 Paul Peter resurrection creed
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Martyrdom of Peter and Paul as evidence for the sincerity of resurrection belief

McLatchie cites the willingness of the apostles to die for their testimony as evidence they genuinely believed in the resurrection.

John 21 Paul Peter Origen
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

James the brother of Jesus — conversion from skeptic to martyr

McLatchie presents the conversion and martyrdom of James, Jesus's brother, as particularly strong evidence for the resurrection.

Acts 1 James the brother of Jesus John 7:5 Josephus resurrection of Jesus Acts 1
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Criterion of restraint — no narratives of private resurrection appearances to Peter and James

McLatchie introduces the "criterion of restraint" as further corroboration of the resurrection's historicity.

1 Corinthians 15 James the brother of Jesus Luke 24:34 Peter 1 Corinthians 15 resurrection of Jesus
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Empty tomb evidence — women as primary witnesses

McLatchie presents the role of women as primary witnesses to the empty tomb as evidence for its historicity.

Mary Magdalene empty tomb criterion of embarrassment
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Earliest Jewish polemic presupposes the empty tomb — Matthew 28

McLatchie points to the earliest Jewish counter-argument to the resurrection as presupposing the tomb was empty.

Matthew 28 empty tomb resurrection of Jesus Matthew 28
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Irreconcilable variation in empty tomb accounts — evidence for independence

McLatchie presents apparent discrepancies between Gospel accounts of the empty tomb as evidence for their independence.

Mark 16:1 Matthew 28:1 Luke 24:10 empty tomb Jonathan McLatchie historicity of the Gospels
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Undesigned coincidence within Luke: women from Galilee thread through Luke 8, 23, and 24

McLatchie presents an intra-Gospel undesigned coincidence within Luke demonstrating the authentic, non-fabricated character of the resurrection narrative.

Luke 8:2-3 Luke 24:10 Luke 23:55 Luke 8:2-3 Mary Magdalene Joanna
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

The cumulative case — power and robustness of multiple converging arguments

McLatchie explains the logic and strength of the cumulative case approach as the seventh and final major point.

apologetics cumulative case apologetics Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Closing remarks and resources — Apologetics Academy

Winger and McLatchie wrap up the livestream with closing remarks and resource recommendations.

apologetics Jonathan McLatchie Apologetics Academy
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Video agenda: honest survey of Acts to answer whether followers of Jesus should obey the Law of Moses

Introduction and framing of the video

Acts (book) Hebrew Roots movement contextual interpretation Law of Moses
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Hebrew Roots movement defined: diverse group united by belief that all believers must obey Mosaic Law including dietary restrictions, Sabbath, and feast days

Series introduction and definition of the Hebrew Roots movement

Torah observance Hebrew Roots movement progressive revelation
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Two analytical questions for surveying Acts: (1) Did Jewish Apostles feel compelled to stop obeying the law? (2) Were Gentile converts taught to obey the law?

Analytical framework for the Acts survey

hermeneutics Torah observance Jewish believers
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 2 Pentecost crowd is entirely Jewish or proselytes -- the question of Gentiles obeying the law never arises because all present already observed it

Survey of Acts chapter 2

Acts 2:5 Acts 2:9-10 Pentecost Jewish believers Acts 2:5
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Peter's sermon in Acts 3 is directed to 'men of Israel' -- Jewish-to-Jewish evangelism with a distinctly Jewish message connecting Jesus to Messianic expectation

Survey of Acts chapter 3 sermon

Acts 3:12 Acts 3:17 Acts 3:25-26 Messianic prophecy Abrahamic covenant Peter (Apostle)
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 5:12 -- Apostles gather at Solomon's Portico (temple area), reinforcing the entirely Jewish character of the early church. No abandonment of the law is visible.

Survey of Acts chapter 5

Acts 5:12 progressive revelation temple worship early church
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Gamaliel's speech in Acts 5:34 -- a Pharisee teacher of the law advises the Sanhedrin to wait and see regarding the Apostles. The entire context remains Jewish.

Survey of Acts chapter 5, Sanhedrin confrontation

Acts 5:34-39 Gamaliel Sanhedrin Acts 5:34-39
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 6: the Hellenistic Jews (Greek-speaking Jews) vs. native Hebrews dispute -- still entirely a Jewish internal matter; no Gentiles involved yet

Survey of Acts chapter 6

Acts 6:1 early church Acts 6:1 Hellenistic Jews
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 6:7 -- many priests become believers. The church's Jerusalem base and Jewish composition is further underscored.

Survey of Acts 6:7

Acts 6:7 Jerusalem Acts 6:7 priestly converts
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Stephen is falsely accused of speaking against Moses and the law -- the witnesses are explicitly called false (Acts 6:13), meaning Stephen is not actually teaching against the law

Survey of Acts 6, Stephen controversy

Acts 6:10-14 Stephen Law of Moses Acts 6:10-14
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Stephen's speech in Acts 7 argues that Israel misunderstood the meaning of the law and temple -- but his argument is about fulfillment and proper understanding, not abolishment

Analysis of Stephen's defense in Acts 7

Acts 7 Stephen Law of Moses Acts 7
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 8:1 -- Saul's persecution scatters the church throughout Judea and Samaria, fulfilling the Acts 1:8 progression

Survey of Acts chapter 8

Acts 8:1 Acts 1:8 Acts 8:1 Acts 1:8 progressive revelation
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Samaritans are described as 'Jewish-ish' -- half-Jew, half-Gentile in Jewish eyes -- still not the full Gentile mission of Acts 1:8

Analysis of Philip's Samaritan mission

Acts 8:5 Deuteronomy 18:15 Acts 8:5 Deuteronomy 18:15 Samaritans
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 9: Saul is converted and called as the apostle to the Gentiles, but immediately begins preaching in synagogues to Jews -- the Gentile mission has not yet begun

Survey of Acts chapter 9, Paul's conversion

Acts 9:15 Acts 9:20 Paul the Apostle Acts 9:15 Acts 9:20
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Key principle: those already observing the law simply continued; there was no teaching to stop -- and no teaching to start for those who were not observing it

Summary principle from Acts 1-9

argument from silence Torah observance Jewish believers
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 10: Cornelius is introduced -- the first non-proselyte Gentile to receive the gospel. He is a God-fearer but not circumcised and not under the law.

Survey of Acts chapter 10, Cornelius

Acts 10:1-2 Craig Keener Cornelius Josephus
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Peter did not violate food laws even years after the resurrection -- an important concession: there was no requirement for Jewish believers to stop Torah observance after coming to Jesus

Analysis of Peter's behavior regarding food laws

dietary laws Jewish believers Peter (Apostle)
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Neither extreme interpretation of Acts 10 is correct: neither 'all food is now clean for everyone' nor 'all food is still unclean' -- the vision primarily establishes Gentile access to the gospel

Balanced interpretation of Acts 10 vision

Acts 10 hermeneutics Acts 10 Gentile inclusion
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Hebrew Roots major argument on Acts 10: the vision was about people (Gentiles), not food -- Winger agrees but argues they miss the connection and the implication for dietary laws

Critique of Hebrew Roots interpretation of Acts 10

Acts 10 Acts 10 Hebrew Roots movement Gentile inclusion
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

The gospel alone makes Gentiles clean -- the law was not a prerequisite for salvation, and Acts 10-11 establishes this clearly

Summary argument from Acts 10-11

salvation by grace Law of Moses dietary laws
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Mark 7:19 -- Jesus declared all foods clean. Winger defers full treatment but flags it as part of a progressive revelation from Jesus through Paul to Hebrews.

Cross-reference to Mark 7:19

Mark 7:19 progressive revelation dietary laws fulfillment theology
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Critique of the alternative view: using the idea that all foods are clean to communicate a message while insisting all foods are not actually clean is logically incoherent

Logical critique of Hebrew Roots reading of Acts 10

Acts 10 hermeneutics Acts 10 dietary laws
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 11:20 -- some men of Cyprus and Cyrene begin speaking to Greeks (Gentiles) in Antioch, preaching the Lord Jesus. Luke narrates this only after establishing how Gentiles can be saved.

Survey of Acts 11:20, first Gentile outreach from scattered believers

Acts 11:20 Luke (author) Gentile mission Acts 11:20 Antioch (Syria)
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Barnabas and Saul spend a full year discipling the Antioch church; disciples are first called Christians there. This extended discipleship with no mention of Torah observance is a key data point.

Survey of Acts 11:22-26, Antioch discipleship

Acts 11:22-26 discipleship Barnabas Torah observance
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Paul preaches in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch (Acts 13:14) -- his standard method is synagogue first, then the broader city. His message presents Jesus as fulfillment of the law and prophets.

Survey of Acts 13:14, Paul's first missionary journey

Acts 13:14 Paul the Apostle fulfillment theology Acts 13:14
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 13:38-39 -- Paul: forgiveness is proclaimed through Jesus, and through him everyone who believes is freed from all things from which they could not be freed through the law of Moses

Paul's synagogue sermon in Pisidian Antioch

Acts 13:38-39 Paul the Apostle justification Law of Moses
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 14 -- Paul in Iconium and Lystra heals a lame man; Gentiles try to worship Paul and Barnabas as gods. Paul corrects their polytheism but never mentions the Law of Moses.

Survey of Acts 14, Paul's ministry in Lystra

Acts 14:8-11 Barnabas Paul the Apostle Acts 14:8-11
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Preaching against idolatry is not the same as imposing the law of Moses -- idolatry is condemned universally, not only in the law. Specific Mosaic laws (Sabbath, tithe to Levites, feast attendance) are never mentioned to Gentiles.

Response to Hebrew Roots claim that preaching against idolatry equals teaching Torah

Law of Moses dietary laws feast days
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Paul appoints elders from Gentile churches (Acts 14:21-23) with no mention of Torah. These are advanced disciples who had Paul with them multiple times and a full year of discipleship.

Survey of Acts 14:21-23, appointment of elders

Acts 14:21-23 discipleship Barnabas Paul the Apostle
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 15:1 -- men from Judea teach that circumcision according to Moses is required for salvation, triggering the Jerusalem Council

Survey of Acts 15:1-2, the Judaizers

Acts 15:1-2 Barnabas false gospel Paul the Apostle
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 15:12-18 -- James's speech: endorses Peter, cites Amos 9 as prophetic basis for Gentile inclusion under God's name. His judgment: do not trouble the Gentiles.

James's speech at Jerusalem Council

James (brother of Jesus) Acts 15:12-19 Amos 9:11-12 James (brother of Jesus) Gentile inclusion Acts 15:12-19
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Hebrew Roots claim: Acts 15 is only about salvation, not sanctification. Winger argues the meeting appears to address both and that the claim is artificially restrictive.

Critique of Hebrew Roots interpretation of Acts 15

Acts 15 Acts 15 Hebrew Roots movement 119 Ministries
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Three arguments that Acts 15 addresses sanctification, not just salvation: (1) text never limits it to salvation; (2) if future Torah teaching was expected, why not clarify here; (3) they gave four specific sanctification commands, not the whole law

Winger's three-part argument that Acts 15 covers sanctification as well

Acts 15 Acts 15 Torah observance salvation vs. sanctification
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

The four Apostolic Decree commands correspond to Leviticus 17-18, which lists things God judges Gentile nations for -- suggesting these were universal moral standards applicable even outside the law

Analysis of the four commands and their OT background

Leviticus 17-18 Acts 15:20 John Polhill table fellowship Apostolic Decree Leviticus 17-18
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Hebrew Roots response to Acts 15: it was only temporary, with full Torah teaching coming later. Winger demolishes this by pointing to the years of prior discipleship at Antioch.

Response to the Hebrew Roots 'temporary decree' argument for Acts 15

Acts 15 Acts 13 discipleship Acts 15 Torah observance
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Challenge to Hebrew Roots movement: if Matthew 5 and 28 teach Torah for all, why does Acts never once tell Gentiles to obey the law? The silence disproves the interpretation.

Summary challenge to Hebrew Roots reading of Acts

Matthew 5 Matthew 28 argument from silence Great Commission Matthew 5
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