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All (60) Mike Winger (60)
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-07

Tom Schreiner's response to Groothuis: egalitarians face the 'daunting prospect' of saying non-priestly Israelites had less dignity than Levites.

Mistake #4: Schreiner's critique of Groothuis

Levites Tom Schreiner Two Views on Women in Ministry
Mike Winger idea 2022-04-13

Preview of upcoming topics: apostles, universal priesthood, prophecy, spiritual gifts, NT Wright's arguments

Mike previews what will be covered in part 5.

women apostles N.T. Wright women prophets
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Preview of next video: prophecy argument, gifts arguments, universal priesthood

Mike previews the topics for part 6 of the series.

spiritual gifts prophecy argument priesthood of all believers
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Five egalitarian arguments previewed; first two are weak, last three are stronger

Mike previews the five arguments he will cover: persecution, rabbi-training, universal priesthood, prophecy, and spiritual gifts. He says the first two are weak but the last three challenged him and offer corrections for complementarians.

soft complementarianism complementarianism egalitarianism
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Argument 3 preview: Universal priesthood of believers means women can hold any ministry role

If all Christians are priests (including women), then women should be able to serve in any ministry role including eldership.

eldership universal priesthood of believers
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Argument 3 introduced: Universal priesthood of believers

Mike introduces the argument: since all NT believers are priests, and priestly functions include teaching and leading, women should be able to be elders.

eldership universal priesthood of believers
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

There is no select group of priests within the body of Christ in the New Testament

Mike explains that the concept of a special clerical priesthood arose from culture and church history, not from the NT or apostolic teaching.

presbyter priesthood Roman Catholicism
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

1 Peter 2:4-5 — all believers are a holy priesthood offering spiritual sacrifices

Mike begins building the biblical case for universal priesthood from 1 Peter.

1 Peter 2:4-5 universal priesthood of believers 1 Peter 2:4-5 spiritual sacrifices
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Revelation 1:5-6 — Jesus made us a kingdom and priests; includes all freed by his blood

Another proof text for universal priesthood.

Revelation 1:5-6 universal priesthood of believers Revelation 1:5-6
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Revelation 5:9-10 — those ransomed from every tribe are made a kingdom and priests

Mike continues building the universal priesthood case from Revelation.

Revelation 5:9-10 universal priesthood of believers Revelation 5:9-10
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Revelation 20:6 — all who share in the first resurrection are priests and will reign with Christ

Final priesthood proof text: men and women together in rulership and priesthood for the millennium.

Revelation 20:6 universal priesthood of believers Revelation 20:6 millennium
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

The Bible never speaks of a second tier of 'extra-priesty' people within the body of Christ

Mike emphasizes there is no second category of priests in the NT beyond the universal priesthood.

universal priesthood of believers clerical priesthood
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Grenz: the NT parallel to Levitical priesthood is the church as a whole, not ordained leaders

Grenz argues that the priesthood of all believers means the parallel to OT priests is all Christians, not just clergy.

Discovering Biblical Equality universal priesthood of believers Stanley Grenz
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Mike partially agrees with Grenz but warns against pushing the OT-NT priesthood parallel too far

Mike agrees that some functions of the Levitical priesthood transferred to all believers, but not everything transfers perfectly.

typology Stanley Grenz Levitical priesthood
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Anecdote: Mike challenged a female complementarian scholar at ETS about the universal priesthood problem in her argument

A female egalitarian (corrected: complementarian) scholar argued that priesthood is masculine in character and therefore women cannot hold pastoral positions. Mike asked her about the universal priesthood of believers.

universal priesthood of believers ETS (Evangelical Theological Society)
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Arguments that current leadership is priestly in character are bad, but we can learn something from an all-male OT priesthood

Mike rejects the priestly-character-of-eldership argument but says there may still be relevant principles from the all-male Levitical priesthood.

eldership Levitical priesthood
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Grenz's positive case: whoever is a priest should be able to be an elder

After Grenz dismantles the complementarian argument, he builds his own: women are priests, therefore they can be elders.

Discovering Biblical Equality universal priesthood of believers Stanley Grenz
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Priesthood is necessary but not sufficient for eldership

Mike proposes replacing 'irrelevant' with 'insufficient for' in Grenz's claim.

eldership qualifications necessary but not sufficient
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Pushback 1: Not all priests can be elders — eldership has requirements beyond being a Christian

Mike's first rebuttal to Grenz: the Bible pragmatically refutes the argument by listing elder qualifications beyond priesthood.

1 Timothy 3 Titus 1 1 Timothy 3 eldership qualifications Titus 1
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Pushback 3: Grenz's argument assumes priesthood + gifts are the ONLY factors for eldership — they are not

Grenz's case rests on two factors: being a priest and having gifts. Mike argues these are not the only factors.

1 Timothy 3 Titus 1 1 Timothy 3 Stanley Grenz eldership qualifications
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Priesthood means no one mediates between you and God; this is different from teaching

Mike now builds his positive case for what priesthood means for Christians and why it does not equate to eldership.

1 Timothy 2:5 priesthood mediation 1 Timothy 2:5
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Hebrews 10:19-22 — believers can enter the holy places directly through Jesus's blood

Mike uses Hebrews to demonstrate that all believers have direct access to God without a mediator.

Hebrews 10:19-22 priesthood mediation Hebrews 10:19-22
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Correction for complementarians: the husband is NOT the priest of his home

Mike disagrees with many complementarians, including pastors he has respected, on this point.

headship universal priesthood of believers complementarian correction
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Being a priest does not mean anything about being an elder; eldership is not priestly in character

Mike draws the sharp distinction: priesthood is about access to God, not about teaching or leading others.

eldership priesthood mediation
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Anticipated objection: if women could not be OT priests but are NT priests, why can't they hold the highest roles?

Mike addresses the challenge to his view: if women's exclusion from OT priesthood was about gender, and now they are priests, doesn't that prove they can have any role?

1 Timothy 3 Titus 1 1 Timothy 3 Levitical priesthood eldership qualifications
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

What was uniquely priestly was the mediating function, which now belongs to all believers

Mike clarifies the distinction between priestly mediation and teaching.

1 Timothy 2 1 Timothy 3 Titus 1 1 Timothy 2 1 Timothy 3 eldership qualifications
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Video summary — Argument 3: Universal priesthood is true but priesthood is not the only factor in eldership

Summary of the universal priesthood argument.

universal priesthood of believers complementarian correction husband as priest
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Series recap: Videos 3-4 and Mike's assessment of egalitarian scholarship

Continued series overview with editorial commentary on the quality of egalitarian biblical scholarship.

Deborah priesthood women in Old Testament
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Overview of today's topics: women in OT leadership positions — Deborah as judge, female prophets, and the priesthood restriction.

Road map for video 3

judges Deborah priesthood Miriam
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

The NT has direct teaching; the OT must be harmonized with it for a comprehensive view.

Hermeneutical framework for OT examples

hermeneutics priesthood comprehensive biblical view
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Counter-cultural examples like Deborah are strong evidence; but clear teaching (like on priests) is even better.

Hermeneutical hierarchy: examples vs. teaching

hermeneutics Deborah priesthood
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Conclusions on Miriam: some degree of leadership, not like Moses, rebuked for pushing for more, not a priest, leadership sometimes focused on women and connected to prophecy.

Summary conclusions on Miriam

Moses priesthood Miriam
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Preview: next week will address whether female prophets prove women can be elders — transitioning now to women in other roles and the priesthood.

Transition to Deborah and priesthood topics

eldership Deborah prophetess
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Introduction to the priesthood topic: women were priests in other pagan cultures but forbidden in Israel under the Law.

Transitioning to the priesthood discussion

eldership priesthood pagan priestesses
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Egalitarian view #1: women couldn't be priests because of ceremonial uncleanness from menstruation and childbirth (Keener, Belleville).

First egalitarian explanation for the priesthood restriction

Linda Belleville Craig Keener priesthood
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Rebuttal point 1: no Scripture says women couldn't be priests because of monthly cycles. Point 2: women regularly did things unclean people couldn't do.

Refuting the ceremonial uncleanness explanation

priesthood ceremonial uncleanness women in worship
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Rebuttal point 3: women had periodic uncleanness but could simply not serve at that time; male priests were also periodically unclean and still served.

Further refutation of the uncleanness explanation

priesthood ceremonial uncleanness male priestly uncleanness
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Mike fully rejects the ceremonial uncleanness explanation — no merit, no positive verse supporting it, and four-five reasons against it.

Summary rejection of the uncleanness view

egalitarianism priesthood ceremonial uncleanness
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Egalitarian view #2 (Philip Payne): women couldn't be priests to prevent association with cult prostitution (Deuteronomy 23:17).

Second egalitarian explanation for the priesthood restriction

Deuteronomy 23:17 Philip Payne priesthood Deuteronomy 23:17
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Rebuttal: Deuteronomy 23:17 prohibits BOTH male and female cult prostitutes — if this prohibition still allows men to be priests, it doesn't explain excluding women.

Refuting Payne's cult prostitution argument

Deuteronomy 23:17 Philip Payne priesthood Deuteronomy 23:17
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Both egalitarian explanations for the priesthood ban seem forced; Mike wanted to become egalitarian but was driven away by poor Scripture handling.

Assessment of egalitarian priesthood arguments

egalitarianism priesthood discernment
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Mike's conclusion: the male role of authority seems like the best explanation for why women couldn't be priests, consistent with a complementarian reading especially when adding the NT.

Mike's preferred explanation for the priesthood restriction

Genesis 2 complementarianism priesthood Genesis 2
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Priests were teachers of the law, determined cleanness, mediated between people and God, bore the sins of the people — typologically pointing to Christ.

Functions of the priesthood and typological significance

1 Corinthians 15 Romans 5 typology priesthood 1 Corinthians 15
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

The priesthood is the ONLY OT role restriction on women that is clearly by God's design rather than by example — consistent with the complementarian view.

Final distinction on the priesthood

complementarianism priesthood divine command vs. example
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

The overall OT flow supports men in highest roles (by example and by priestly demand); next week covers women in the NT.

Transition to next video

priesthood Andronicus and Junia apostleship
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Additional evidence: Titus 1:6, male-only apostles, biblical rules about NT prophecy

Mike stacks additional scriptural evidence for Pillar 2.

1 Corinthians 14 Titus 1:6 1 Corinthians 14 apostleship Titus 1:6
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

OT pattern of male priests, apostles, elders, and husbands — but also male kings with no clear command

Mike examines the pattern of male leadership in scripture.

kings male priesthood male apostles
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Husbands are NOT the priests of their wives — priesthood of all believers

Mike pushes back against a common complementarian phrase.

1 Peter 2:9 priesthood of all believers husband as priest Reformation
Mike Winger idea 2018-01-24

LDS.org lists requirements for exaltation: obey all commands of God, be baptized, be an LDS member, become a Melchizedek priest, receive temple endowment, marry for time and eternity, and more.

Mike reads the official LDS list of exaltation requirements to show the burden placed on Mormon believers.

LDS.org works-based salvation LDS exaltation requirements
Mike Winger idea 2018-03-21

Catholic debates always ultimately fall back to church authority / Magisterium rather than Scripture

Broader critique of Catholic apologetics methodology

church fathers sola scriptura Catholic apologetics
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