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Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Hebrews 9:9-10 describes Mosaic regulations as a placeholder "until the time of reformation"

Further development of the Law's built-in temporality

Hebrews 9:9-10 dietary laws Hebrews 9:9-10 Levitical law
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Matthew 5:17 must be read pre-New Covenant: Jesus is speaking to Jews before the cross

Key hermeneutical frame for interpreting the Sermon on the Mount

Matthew 5:17 hermeneutics Sermon on the Mount Matthew 5:17
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

The word "fulfill" (pleroo) in Matthew 5:17 does not mean "confirm and continue"—it means "accomplish" or "achieve its intended end"

Exegesis of the key term in Matthew 5:17

Matthew 5:17 Matthew 5:17 abolish vs. fulfill pleroo
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

After Jesus fulfills a prophecy, we do not continue to await its fulfillment—completion changes the expectation

Logical implication of fulfillment language

Matthew 5:17 Matthew 5:17 pleroo prophetic fulfillment
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Matthew 5:18 (not a jot or tittle will pass) is about how the Law will not be stripped piecemeal, not about its perpetual applicability

Exegesis of Matthew 5:18 against the Hebrew Roots reading

Matthew 5:18 Pharisees Matthew 5:18 iota and tittle
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

The Law in Matthew is not merely instructive but predictive—even ritual laws point to who Jesus is

A key interpretive insight about the nature of the Law

Matthew 5:17 typology Matthew 5:17 Levitical law
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Matthew 11:13 — "All the prophets and the law prophesied until John" — indicates a new era beginning with Jesus

Additional scriptural support for the transitional nature of the Law

John the Baptist Matthew 11:13 John the Baptist Matthew 11:13 Law and prophets prophesied
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Galatians 3:19, 24-25 — the Law was a temporary guardian "until the offspring [Christ] should come"

Pauline support for the Law's transitional termination at the first coming

Galatians 3:19 Galatians 3:24-25 Galatians 3:19 Galatians 3:24-25 paidagogos
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Matthew 5:19 (relaxing commandments) is anti-Pharisee polemic, not a universal command to keep the Mosaic Law

Contextual reading of Matthew 5:19 in its Sermon on the Mount setting

Matthew 5:19 Pharisees Jewish audience of Jesus Matthew 5:19
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Matthew 5:20-48 shows Jesus intensifying the Law (anger=murder, lust=adultery) to reveal how far short everyone falls

Winger's reading of the antitheses in the Sermon on the Mount

Matthew 5:20-48 Sermon on the Mount Matthew 5:20-48 antitheses
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

The Law functions as a tutor to lead people to Christ—Sermon on the Mount sets up the gospel

Soteriological purpose of the Mosaic Law

Galatians 3:24 Galatians 3:24 Sermon on the Mount paidagogos
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Jesus's ministry was exclusively to Jews (Matt 15:24; Matt 10:5)—the Sermon on the Mount is a Jewish address, not a Gentile one

Contextual argument that Matthew 5 cannot be applied directly to Gentiles

Matthew 10:5 Matthew 15:24 Matthew 6:32 Matthew 10:5 Matthew 15:24 Jewish audience of Jesus
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Romans 1:16 — "To the Jew first and also to the Greek" reflects a sequential gospel mission, not simultaneous Law-imposition

Connecting the Jewish-first mission to the broader outreach pattern

Romans 1:16 Gentile mission Romans 1:16 to the Jew first
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Summary of Matthew 5 exegesis: Law fulfilled (completed), not abolished; accomplished in totality, not stripped piece by piece; not relaxed but done

Winger's three-point summary of Matthew 5:17-19

Matthew 5:17-19 abolish vs. fulfill pleroo Matthew 5:17-19
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Three problems with the Hebrew Roots use of Matthew 28: it misreads Matthew 5, ignores everything Jesus commanded, and contradicts how the Apostles actually applied it

Winger's three-pronged critique of the Matthew 28 argument

Matthew 28:20 Hebrew Roots movement Great Commission Gentiles and the Law
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

John 4:21-24 — Jesus tells the Samaritan woman that worship will shift from Jerusalem to "spirit and truth"

Example of Jesus himself signaling a transition beyond Mosaic Law structures

John 4:19-24 Deuteronomy centralization of worship John 4:19-24 worship in spirit and truth temple worship
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

The New Covenant is in Jesus's blood — Luke 22:20 at the Last Supper

Jesus himself inaugurating the New Covenant at Passover

Jeremiah 31 Luke 22:20 Lord's Supper Jeremiah 31 New Covenant
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

John 13:34 — Jesus gives a "new commandment" to love one another, which becomes the defining law of the New Covenant

The law of Christ defined

John 13:34 Jeremiah 31:33 New Covenant John 13:34 new commandment
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

The "law of Christ" in the New Covenant is the law of love — not the Mosaic Law written on the heart

Defining what Jeremiah 31's "law written on the heart" refers to

Galatians 6:2 Jeremiah 31:33 New Covenant Galatians 6:2 law written on the heart
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Preview: Book of Acts will be examined next to show how the Apostles actually applied Jesus's commands regarding the Law

Transition to future installments of the series

Acts 10 Acts 15 Acts 10 Acts 15 Gentile mission
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: "Messianic" is a synonym for "Christian"—every believer in Jesus is messianic in the biblical sense

Response to audience question about non-Jews identifying as Messianic

Messianic Messianic Judaism completed Jew
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Are Jewish believers required to keep the Mosaic Law? No, but cultural/traditional practice may be permitted if not causing division

Nuanced pastoral answer about Jewish Christians and the Law

Romans 14 Romans 14 Christian liberty conscience
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Modesty in dress is a New Testament command—not law-keeping—and our culture is distorted about it

Pastoral application question about dress standards

Christian living modesty New Testament ethics
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Jesus likely knew his messianic identity by age 12 (Luke 2 temple incident), but what he knew before that is uncertain

Theological question about the development of Jesus's self-awareness

Luke 2:49 incarnation hypostatic union Luke 2:49
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: The kingdom of God is wherever God rules as king—inaugurated by Christ, to be consummated at the second coming

Theological definition of the kingdom of God

second coming Holy Spirit kingdom of God
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: 1 John 3:4 — "sin is lawlessness" refers to transgression of God's commands broadly, not specifically the Law of Moses

Response to a Hebrew Roots proof text

1 John 3:4 1 John 3:4 anomia lawlessness
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: The Christian's primary cultural identity is the culture of Christ—follow Christ absolutely, adapt to culture in neutral matters

Pastoral guidance on Christianity and cultural identity

1 Corinthians 9 Christian liberty 1 Corinthians 9 Christian and culture
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Acts 15:21 is used by Hebrew Roots to justify Gentile Torah observance — Winger defers to full treatment next week

Preview of upcoming Acts 15 analysis

Acts 15:21 119 Ministries Gentiles and the Law Jerusalem Council
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Mosaic Law on servants — corporal punishment was permitted; killing or maiming a servant freed them; Winger defends this as reasonable in historical context

Response to a question about slavery and beating in the OT law

Leviticus servant laws slavery in the OT Leviticus servant laws corporal punishment
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Malachi 1:11 — "Gentile" and "heathen" as translation variants; the verse prophesies universal worship

Brief textual note on translation choices in Malachi

Malachi 1:11 Malachi 1:11 Gentiles nations (goyim)
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Romans 2:12 undermines the claim that everyone has always been under the Mosaic Law — Winger does not know how Hebrew Roots explains it

Engagement with a counter-question about Hebrew Roots consistency

Romans 2:12 Hebrew Roots movement Gentiles and the Law Romans 2:12
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Those who never hear the gospel — Winger says the way is narrow but defers to his dedicated teaching on the topic

Classic theological question about the unevangelized

Matthew 7:14 Matthew 7:14 universalism unevangelized
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Q&A: Winger has not fully responded to Digital Hammurabi's rebuttal of his Tyre prophecy video — discusses the two main counter-points

Apologetics discussion about Ezekiel's Tyre prophecy

Ezekiel apologetics Ezekiel biblical prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Apostles were willing to die repeatedly for the resurrection—this demonstrates sincerity without needing proof they were offered a final recantation option

Brief apologetics note on the resurrection and martyrdom argument

resurrection apologetics apostolic martyrdom
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-15

Closing: Next week will cover the Hebrew Roots interpretation of Acts, especially Acts 10 and Acts 15

Series summary and next steps

Acts 10 Acts 15 Acts 10 Acts 15 Hebrew Roots movement
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Argument for the deity of Christ from Isaiah 52:13 — "high and lifted up"

McLatchie presents one of four arguments for the deity of the Messiah embedded within Isaiah 52-53.

Isaiah 52:13 Isaiah 6:1 Isaiah 2 Suffering Servant deity of Christ Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Divine plurality in Zechariah 2 — Yahweh sent by Yahweh

McLatchie gives Zechariah 2 as an example of intricate harmonies pointing to the Trinity in the Old Testament.

Zechariah 2 Zechariah 4:8-9 Jonathan McLatchie intricate harmonies Zechariah 2
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-16

Proverbs 30:1-4 — God and his Son in the Hebrew Bible

McLatchie highlights Proverbs 30:1-4 as an often-overlooked text implying the divine sonship within the Hebrew Scriptures.

Hosea 11:1 Proverbs 30:1-4 Hosea 11:1 divine sonship Jonathan McLatchie
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Video agenda: honest survey of Acts to answer whether followers of Jesus should obey the Law of Moses

Introduction and framing of the video

Acts (book) Hebrew Roots movement contextual interpretation Law of Moses
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Hebrew Roots movement defined: diverse group united by belief that all believers must obey Mosaic Law including dietary restrictions, Sabbath, and feast days

Series introduction and definition of the Hebrew Roots movement

Torah observance Hebrew Roots movement progressive revelation
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Three expectations if Jesus wanted obedience to Mosaic Law: (1) clear extension to Gentiles in his teaching, (2) Apostles teaching it to Gentiles in Acts, (3) Paul explicitly commanding it

Methodological framework for evaluating Acts

Matthew 28 Paul the Apostle Gentiles Law of Moses
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Two analytical questions for surveying Acts: (1) Did Jewish Apostles feel compelled to stop obeying the law? (2) Were Gentile converts taught to obey the law?

Analytical framework for the Acts survey

hermeneutics Torah observance Jewish believers
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 1:8 establishes the progressive geographic expansion of the gospel: Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria, uttermost parts of the earth

Survey of Acts chapter 1

Acts 1:8 Judea Great Commission Acts 1:8 progressive revelation
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 2 Pentecost crowd is entirely Jewish or proselytes -- the question of Gentiles obeying the law never arises because all present already observed it

Survey of Acts chapter 2

Acts 2:5 Acts 2:9-10 Pentecost Jewish believers Acts 2:5
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Key point: the 3,000 converts in Acts 2 did not take on Mosaic law as a result of following Jesus -- they were already observing it as Jews or proselytes

Analysis of early church composition

Acts 2:46 Torah observance temple worship Acts 2:46
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 2:36 confirms Peter is addressing a Jewish audience (house of Israel), reinforcing that Acts 2 has no bearing on Gentile Torah observance

Analysis of Peter's Pentecost sermon audience

Acts 2:36 Acts 2:36 Peter (Apostle) Jewish audience
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 3:1 -- Peter and John regularly attend the temple at the hour of prayer during a sacrifice, showing Jewish believers continued temple participation after believing in Jesus

Survey of Acts chapter 3

Acts 3:1 John (Apostle) Hebrews (book) temple worship Jewish believers Peter (Apostle)
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Peter's sermon in Acts 3 is directed to 'men of Israel' -- Jewish-to-Jewish evangelism with a distinctly Jewish message connecting Jesus to Messianic expectation

Survey of Acts chapter 3 sermon

Acts 3:12 Acts 3:17 Acts 3:25-26 Messianic prophecy Abrahamic covenant Peter (Apostle)
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Church grows to ~5,000 in Acts 3-4, still entirely Jewish or proselyte. The default assumption is: continue doing what you were already doing regarding the law.

Summary observation from Acts 3-4

Torah observance Jewish believers early church
Mike Winger idea 2019-05-22

Acts 5:12 -- Apostles gather at Solomon's Portico (temple area), reinforcing the entirely Jewish character of the early church. No abandonment of the law is visible.

Survey of Acts chapter 5

Acts 5:12 progressive revelation temple worship early church
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