Search — Theology Explorer

Romans 8 Exodus 34 Moses Romans 8 Holy Spirit

Q18: Can Christians feel God's presence, or is it just emotion responding to truth? Both are possible — Spirit-generated emotion and ordinary human emotion are both real

Viewer Amelia asks whether feeling God's presence is genuine or just the mind responding emotionally to biblical truth.

Galatians 5 Holy Spirit sanctification fruit of the Spirit

Galatians 5 fruit of the Spirit — desires to love, worship, and serve are Spirit-generated; Christians are slow to credit the Spirit working in them for good

Mike appends an observation about the Spirit while wrapping up the presence question.

2 Corinthians 4 repentance sanctification Paul the Apostle

Q20: Do we need to feel bad for sin when we repent, or is knowing it is wrong enough? Feeling is healthy but not required — emotions are the caboose of the train

Viewer Joel Larson asks whether genuine repentance requires feeling bad about sin, noting his ex-girlfriend does not feel bad about their shared sexual sin.

discernment Ravi Zacharias wolves among sheep

Closing: Ravi Zacharias scandal — no excuse to defend him; faith rests in Christ not in people; wheat and tares are expected

Mike closes the livestream by returning to the Ravi Zacharias announcement.

New Testament Old Testament exorcism

Question: Why is demonic activity so prevalent in the NT vs. OT?

Viewer Tinkerbell Bear asks why the New Testament has so many examples of demons being cast out while the Old Testament rarely mentions demonic possession.

Psalm 91 1 Samuel 16:23 David exorcism Psalm 91

David's music drives away Saul's harmful spirit — a type of exorcism

David is summoned to play the lyre and the harmful spirit departs from Saul, suggesting an early OT proto-exorcism.

Gospels demonic activity first-century context

Why far more demonic activity in the NT than OT — quantity and intentionality

Even granting OT demonic activity, the sheer volume of exorcisms in the Gospels and Acts is historically anomalous and must be explained theologically.

Gerasene demoniac spiritual warfare salvation history

First century as the ultimate spiritual battleground for all creation

Summary conclusion on demonic activity question: the first century was uniquely intense because it was the decisive battleground of salvation history.

Genesis 3 federal headship curse reversal Genesis 3

Christ as Second Adam — taking on human form to represent all humanity and reverse the curse

Christ's incarnation was not only to die but to serve as the representative of all humanity, reversing the curse of the first Adam.

church leadership pastoral ethics pastoral compensation

Wise rule: pastor should live roughly at the level of his congregation

Mike's practical guideline for appropriate pastoral compensation.

Luke Matthew Mark synoptic problem Luke Matthew

Question: Synoptic differences — disciples called before/after healing Peter's mother-in-law; Luke heals by rebuking the fever

Viewer Stephen Wilson asks about the differences between Matthew/Mark (disciples called before healing) and Luke (called after; heals by rebuking the fever).

2 Timothy 2:20-21 sanctification 2 Timothy 2:20-21 vessels honorable dishonorable

2 Timothy 2:20-21 — Vessels of gold/silver vs. wood/clay for honorable/dishonorable use

Viewer asks whether 2 Tim 2:20-21 (self-cleansing to be an honorable vessel) refutes the Calvinist doctrine of total depravity, given it uses the same honorable/dishonorable language as Romans 9.

2 Timothy 2:20-21 Romans 9:20-23 hermeneutics sanctification Calvinism

The two vessel passages should not be conflated — different contexts, different applications

Mike's conclusion: 2 Tim 2:20-21 and Romans 9 use the same metaphor for different purposes and cannot be merged to make a doctrinal argument about total depravity.

Acts 8 Acts 8 eschatology futurism

Question: If Christ's return requires a rebuilt temple, how is it rebuilt without the Ark of the Covenant?

Viewer Isaac O'Brien asks about the rebuilding of the Jerusalem temple in eschatology and the missing Ark of the Covenant.

eschatology prophetic fulfillment futurism

Rebuilt temple does not need to be ritually valid — prophecy requires existence, not divine approval

Clarification of what prophetic fulfillment requires regarding the third temple.

Question: What happens to animals and insects when they die?

Viewer Samantha Hott asks whether animals and insects have souls and what becomes of them at death.

death soul new creation

John 8:30-38 John 8:58 Abraham John 8:30-38 John 8:58

John 8:30-58 — Jesus rebuking those described as believing in him; claim to deity (I AM)

Viewer from the Czech Republic asks why Jesus spoke so confrontationally to those described as believing in him in John 8.

John 8:30-38 John 1:11 perseverance of the saints John 8:30-38 belief in John

Interpretive options for belief in John 8:30 — salvific vs. surface belief; audience complexity

The theological puzzle: was this salvific belief that was then lost, or was it never salvific to begin with?

Genesis 3 Genesis 3 Christian ethics cultural Christianity

Question: What does the Bible say about modesty? Is a bikini sport uniform sinful?

Viewer Austin Holloman asks for biblical guidance on modesty and whether sports requiring bikinis should be avoided.

Ephesians 6:14 integrity armor of God Ephesians 6:14

Belt of Truth — sincerity, integrity, and holding to Christian truth

First piece of armor explained.

Ephesians 6:14 imputed righteousness sanctification armor of God

Breastplate of Righteousness — holy living as protection from spiritual attack

Second piece of armor. Mike argues this is about the believer's conduct rather than imputed righteousness.

Ephesians 6:15 evangelism witness armor of God

Shoes of the Gospel of Peace — evangelism as spiritual protection

Third piece of armor: footwear as readiness to go with the gospel.

1 Peter Ephesians 6:16 1 Peter Ephesians 6:16 armor of God

Shield of Faith — confident trust that quenches fiery darts

Fourth piece of armor: faith as shield against fiery trials and spiritual attacks.

Ephesians 6:17 identity in Christ assurance of salvation armor of God

Helmet of Salvation — remembering your identity in Christ as foundational protection

Fifth piece of armor. Helmet protects the head; salvation protects the believer's identity and eternal standing.

Ephesians 6:17-18 prayer armor of God Ephesians 6:17-18

Sword of the Spirit (Word of God) — the only offensive weapon; prayer as the capstone

Sixth and final piece of armor: the one offensive weapon in the full armor. Paul adds prayer outside the armor list.

John 3:16-18 salvation soteriology sin

John 3:16-18 — condemnation precedes unbelief; unbelief leaves you in existing condemnation

Scriptural support for the pit analogy.

spiritual disciplines confirmation bias listening prayer

Question: Is it okay to sit quietly and write down what you hear from God (journaling/listening prayer)?

Viewer Mackenzie McEwan asks about the practice of trying to hear God and writing down what comes.

Revelation Luke 16 millennium eschatology Revelation

Question: What is the difference between Hades and Hell — do people go directly to hell at death?

Viewer Henry Avery's Gravery asks Mike to elaborate on his view that people do not go directly to hell when they die.

Genesis 1-2 Genesis 1-2 hermeneutics young earth creationism

Interpretation of Genesis must be driven by hermeneutics, not science

Mike's methodological conclusion on the Genesis-evolution question.

mental illness ADHD sin and biology

Question: A website claims ADHD and all mental illness are caused by sin or the devil

Viewer Dora has ADHD and found a website attributing all mental illness to sin or demonic influence, claiming ADHD is a parental discipline failure.

personal responsibility Christian ethics sin

Having a disorder does not excuse sin — personal responsibility is always preserved

Even if ADHD is neurologically real, it cannot become an excuse to sin.

1 Corinthians 10:13 personal responsibility temptation sin

1 Corinthians 10:13 — God will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able

The key biblical principle that preserves human responsibility even in disability: no temptation is irresistible.

Brian Simmons Passion Translation Pastoral accountability

How to approach a pastor who uses the Passion Translation: lead with grace toward the person while critiquing the translation, not the person.

Continued advice to Jeff Gaitzens on handling a pastor using the Passion Translation.

Pastoral formation Seminary education Humility in ministry

Advice for a 20-year-old preparing for pastoral ministry: balance seminary education with active local church service, and remove ego.

Question from John Parizzo about preparing for pastoral ministry while in college and seminary.

Bethel Church Holy Spirit Listening prayer

Listening prayer is not condemned in Scripture but formulizing the Holy Spirit's work is dangerous and can produce fabrications.

Question from Susan Krieg about whether the Bible endorses listening prayer.

Matthew 5:42 Kenneth Copeland Prosperity gospel Matthew 5:42

Matthew 5:42 ('give to him who asks') must be applied with wisdom — naive application would mean giving to every fraudster.

Continued discussion of Matthew 5:42 on generosity.

Abraham Old Testament saints Salvation exclusivism

Accepting Jesus is the only way to heaven, but those who never heard the gospel may be saved through faithful response to lesser revelation — analogous to Abraham.

Question from Jack Bradley about salvation for those who never heard or only heard harmful versions of the gospel.

Women in ministry Women as elders Church leadership

Women serving as elders is not Winger's current biblical position, but he plans a thorough future research project before finalizing his view.

Question from Patience Kachidza about a mother-in-law ordained as an elder in a church.

Proof-texting Hermeneutics Original audience interpretation

Proper Bible study: identify what the text meant to the original audience before asking how to apply it; context prevents proof-texting.

Question from Natural Glory about how to study the Bible properly.

Genesis 2-3 Genesis 2-3 Tree of knowledge of good and evil Divine foreknowledge

Why did God create the tree of the knowledge of good and evil if he foreknew the fall? Guessing divine motives is risky, but free will and genuine love require real choices.

Question from Reggie LQ about the tree of the knowledge of good and evil and divine foreknowledge.

Genesis 1-2 Genesis as history vs. mythology Genesis 1-2 Young earth creationism Old earth creationism

Genesis 1-2 and the age of the earth: Winger is no longer confident in young-earth creationism based on exegesis alone; plans a full research project.

Question from Ethan Tucker about whether early Genesis is mythology or history.

Evidence for God Christopher Hitchens Spiritual disciplines

Tips for an atheist starting to believe: gather intellectual reasons for God, practice spiritual disciplines, and make choices that shape belief.

Question from Emil Codrin about how to start believing after a lifetime of atheism.

1 Corinthians 12 Cessationism Baptism of the Holy Spirit 1 Corinthians 12

Baptism of the Holy Spirit as a post-salvation experience with mandatory tongues is not supported by Scripture; authentic gifts are preferred over formulaic fake ones.

Question from Lauren Breon about whether the baptism of the Holy Spirit as a separate experience with prayer language is scriptural.

Revelation 13 Mark of the Beast Revelation 13 Mark of the Beast COVID vaccine

The COVID vaccine is not the mark of the beast; Winger would take it, and dismisses mark-of-the-beast vaccine claims as theological irrationality.

Bonus question from Solomon Paparazzi via Sarah Zimmerman: should a Christian take the COVID vaccine?

Genesis 1 Job 40-41 Genesis 1 young earth creationism age of the earth

Dinosaurs and the age of the earth: three intra-Christian views summarized

Madison Torres asked how dinosaur fossils fit with Adam and Eve and the biblical timeline.

judgment age of accountability heaven

Severe dementia and moral accountability: judgment follows capacity

Mario Tucci connected the question to Mike's earlier teaching that babies go to heaven and asked whether it applies to those with severe dementia.

Mormonism Islam resurrection

Religion as social control: a compliment, not a refutation

Summer Monsoon asked how to respond to the claim that religion is just a mechanism for social control and helps people cope with death.

Matthew 13:24-30 free will theodicy problem of evil

Why God creates people he foreknows will reject him

Our Fish asked why God would create people he knows will not choose him.

evangelism Greg Koukl apologetics

Sharing the gospel with resistant loved ones: grace, strategy, and the book Tactics

Hannah/Henry Belvall asked for advice on humbly sharing Jesus with struggling loved ones who become defensive.