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Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The masculine gender of 'only' (monous) in verse 36 does not prove it addresses men specifically

Mike addresses the argument that the masculine word 'only' proves Paul is rebuking men, not the whole church.

1 Corinthians 14:36 1 Corinthians 14:36 D.A. Carson monous
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Pauline style argument for the refutation view: three points that fail

Mike addresses three ways proponents claim Paul would not have said what is in verses 34-35.

Genesis 2 1 Corinthians 11:8-10 Genesis 2 Gordon Fee Pauline style
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

What does 'the law' mean in 1 Corinthians 14:34?

Mike addresses the debate over what 'the law' refers to: Roman law, Jewish law, local custom, or the Old Testament.

the law Roman law Jewish oral law
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul uses 'the law' to refer to all of scripture, not just the Pentateuch

Mike argues that 'law' in Paul's usage can mean the Old Testament generally, citing 1 Corinthians 14:21.

1 Corinthians 14:21 Isaiah 28:11-12 John 12:34 1 Corinthians 14:21 Isaiah 28:11-12 John 12:34
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul's quotation-refutation style in known instances differs dramatically from 1 Corinthians 14

Mike compares how Paul actually does quotation-refutation elsewhere versus what is claimed here.

1 Corinthians 14:34-36 Pauline quotation-refutation style 1 Corinthians 14:34-36
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul's consistent pattern: he qualifies Corinthian slogans with wisdom rather than fully disagreeing

Mike shows from multiple examples that Paul never fully disagrees with Corinthian slogans.

1 Corinthians 6:12 1 Corinthians 10:23 Corinthian slogans 1 Corinthians 6:12 1 Corinthians 10:23
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

1 Corinthians 7:1 follows the same qualification pattern, not full disagreement

Mike provides another example of Paul's consistent style.

1 Corinthians 7:1 Pauline qualification pattern 1 Corinthians 7:1
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The refutation view has Paul rejecting submission -- something he teaches everywhere else

Mike points out that the refutation view would have Paul rejecting the concept of wifely submission.

Genesis 1-2 1 Peter 3 Ephesians (submission teaching) submission Genesis 1-2 1 Peter 3
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Education View Hinge 1: Why only women? Why not uneducated men too?

Mike presents the first critical hinge point that undermines the education view.

1 Corinthians 10:1 1 Corinthians 12:1 Plutarch agnoeo idiotes
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Education View Hinge 2: Why ALL women in EVERY church?

Mike presses the problem of universal scope for the education view.

Craig Keener universal scope women elders
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The education view fails the 'reread test'

Mike summarizes why the education view ultimately does not work.

education view reread test
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Problem 1 with the cult view: these cults were not exclusively or predominantly female

Mike shows that the claim that Bacchus worship was predominantly female is historically inaccurate.

Craig Keener cult of Isis cult of Cybele
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Introduction of View 4 analysis: The Utter Silence View

Mike begins analyzing the most strict complementarian view.

utter silence view women's speech prohibition
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The utter silence view has a plain reading advantage but relies on verses out of context

Mike acknowledges the surface-level appeal of this view while noting its limitations.

Luke 14:26 plain reading verses out of context Luke 14:26
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Utter Silence View Hinge 2: 1 Corinthians 11 proves women could prophesy publicly in church

Mike presents the strongest challenge to the utter silence view from within the same letter.

1 Corinthians 11:5 1 Corinthians 11:2-6 head coverings 1 Corinthians 11:5 women prophesying
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Acts 2 and the Joel prophecy: men and women prophesied publicly at Pentecost

Mike cites Acts 2 as scriptural evidence against the utter silence view.

Joel 2 Acts 2:15-18 Joel 2 women prophesying Acts 2:15-18
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

View 5 analysis: The Judging Prophecy View -- Mike's preferred interpretation

Mike presents the increasingly common complementarian view that the passage restricts women from judging/testing prophecy.

church authority judging prophecy view testing prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The scenario of a wife judging her husband's prophecy illustrates the authority problem

Mike illustrates why judging prophecy creates a specific submission/authority issue.

submission Anthony Thiselton marriage authority
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Judging Prophecy Hinge 1: Was testing prophecy a real practice in the early church?

Mike establishes that testing/judging prophecy was indeed a regular church practice.

1 John 4:1 1 Corinthians 12:10 1 John 4:1 testing prophecy 1 Corinthians 12:10
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The doctrinal/theological nature of testing prophecy from 1 John 4:1-3

Mike shows that testing prophecy involved theological evaluation.

1 John 4:1-3 Mormonism 1 John 4:1-3 Christology test
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

1 Thessalonians 5:20-21 confirms testing prophecy was standard practice

Mike provides additional scriptural evidence for the practice of testing prophecy.

1 Thessalonians 5:20-21 testing prophecy 1 Thessalonians 5:20-21 prophecy vs. scripture
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Debate over who judges prophecy: prophets, elders, or everyone?

Mike addresses the objection that it was prophets, not elders, who judged prophecy.

1 Corinthians 14:29 eldership Craig Keener 1 Corinthians 14:29
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Problems with the 'everyone judges prophecy' view

Mike argues against congregational testing of prophecy.

congregational testing eldership function doctrinal guardianship
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Elders as the only universal biblical ongoing office with authority

Mike provides scriptural evidence for the elder/overseer role as the primary authority structure in the church.

Acts 14:23 Titus 1:5 Acts 14:23 Titus 1:5 elder/overseer/bishop
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

It may not be necessary to decide exclusively who judged prophecy

Mike suggests the identity of the judges may not need to be precisely defined for the view to work.

Mormonism self-validation prohibition Islam
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Cultural pushback: eldership is not a bucket list item or self-fulfillment role

Mike addresses the Western cultural tendency to view pastoral ministry as a personal entitlement.

church order pastoral ministry as entitlement Western cultural bias
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Judging Prophecy Hinge 3: Why are questions forbidden? Questions as a way to control the judging process

Mike addresses the potentially weakest point of the judging prophecy view -- the prohibition on asking questions.

1 Corinthians 14:35 judging prophecy view 1 Corinthians 14:35 questions as control
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The questions prohibition connects to submission -- a unique advantage of the judging prophecy view

Mike explains why the connection between questions and submission only works on the judging prophecy view.

judging prophecy view submission and questions contextual advantage
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Summary of why the judging prophecy view is superior: answering all four key questions

Mike walks through the advantages of the judging prophecy view over all other views.

1 Timothy 3 1 Corinthians 11 Titus 1 1 Timothy 3 1 Corinthians 11 Titus 1
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Side issue: Does this passage address women in general or wives specifically?

Mike briefly addresses whether 'women' (gunai) should be translated as 'wives.'

1 Corinthians 14:35 1 Corinthians 14:35 gune (woman/wife) women vs. wives debate
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Closing prayer celebrating God's word including teachings on gender roles

Mike closes with a prayer of trust in scripture's teachings on gender.

closing prayer delight in God's word cultural resistance
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Overview of application questions this video will address

Mike introduces the video as the culmination of his 2+ year Women in Ministry project, listing specific questions about women's roles.

women in ministry eldership application
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

This video is Part 13, the final video assembling all puzzle pieces from prior 12 videos

Mike explains the relationship between this summary/application video and the previous detailed videos in the series.

1 Timothy 2:12 methodology women in ministry series 1 Timothy 2:12
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Why Mike avoided the women in ministry topic for years

Mike shares the personal background of why he refused to address this topic for years, instructing his assistant Sarah to not send him questions about it.

complementarianism egalitarianism pastoral accountability
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Mike's initial openness to egalitarian arguments and respect for egalitarian scholars

Mike describes wanting to examine egalitarian scholarship fairly before drawing conclusions.

egalitarianism Craig Keener Bible Background Commentary
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Definition of egalitarianism as one of three positions in the debate

Mike defines the three sides of the debate, starting with egalitarianism.

role differences egalitarianism authority
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Egalitarians treat their position as a moral mission, not just a theological view

Mike describes the activist nature of egalitarian scholarship.

egalitarianism scholarly methodology social justice
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Definition of complementarianism as the second position

Mike defines complementarianism and its spectrum.

eldership complementarianism image of God
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Definition of patriarchalism as the third position

Mike defines Christian patriarchalism and its spectrum.

patriarchalism male authority spectrum of views
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Hard patriarchalist positions on restricting women

Mike describes the most extreme patriarchalist restrictions.

patriarchalism women voting women in education
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

The distinctiveness of the complementarian label as explicitly Christian

Mike explains why he prefers the term complementarian over patriarchal.

complementarianism terminology
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

The series has 40+ hours of free content and has had over 4 million views

Mike shares the scope and impact of his Women in Ministry series.

women in ministry series ministry impact
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Mike's overall conclusions: egalitarians fundamentally wrong, patriarchalists peripherally wrong

Mike gives his summary verdict on the three positions.

complementarianism egalitarianism patriarchalism
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

What surprised Mike most: how bad egalitarian arguments are

Mike shares his biggest surprise from the research project.

scholarly methodology egalitarian arguments historical reconstruction
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Specific examples of bad egalitarian arguments

Mike lists specific egalitarian interpretive strategies he found unconvincing.

Genesis 3:16 1 Timothy 2:12 Genesis 3:16 1 Timothy 2:12 egalitarian arguments
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

How egalitarian ideas spread through churches: scholars to pastors to congregations

Mike describes the pipeline of egalitarian influence.

egalitarian denominations scholarly influence liberal theology
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Analogy to overturned German scholarship on the Gospels and Greek myths

Mike argues that entire schools of scholarly thought can be wrong and get overturned.

German scholarship Gospel origins anti-Semitism in scholarship
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Egalitarians are fundamentally wrong about role differences but peripherally correct about abuse

Mike provides a nuanced summary of where egalitarians are right and wrong.

role differences egalitarianism abuse
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Women in ministry is a secondary issue but with huge practical application

Mike addresses the importance level of this theological disagreement.

secondary issue Christian unity practical application
Mike Winger idea 2024-03-01

Scripture is king: seven ways people bypass the Bible on this issue

Mike revisits how Video 1 addressed the methodology issue.

bypassing scripture methodology sola scriptura
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