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All (7015) Scripture Commentary (3373) Theology (205) Mike Winger (3407) Pulpit (30)
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Euripides source: all published translations use clothing metaphor, not testicle

Mike examines the second and stronger piece of evidence.

Mark Goodacre translation comparison Troy Martin peribolaion
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Martin's later paper shifts: claims he can establish testicle meaning from 1 Corinthians alone

Mike traces the evolution of Martin's argument.

Mark Goodacre straw man argument Troy Martin Mark Goodacre
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

The argument AGAINST transcultural head coverings: Paul never argues for the MEANING of head coverings

Mike presents his personal case for cultural application.

hermeneutical principle cultural vs. transcultural symbolic meaning
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

The cultural view is not arbitrary: five facts support it

Mike defends his position against charges of mere cultural accommodation.

1 Corinthians 9:22 hermeneutical principle symbolic meaning cultural application argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-11-11

Final conclusions: male headship is biblical, complementarian, and to be celebrated

Mike delivers his overall conclusions for the passage.

1 Timothy 2 1 Corinthians 14 1 Corinthians 11:3 women in ministry complementarianism eldership
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Christian obligation to receive and understand scripture fully

Mike states his commitment to believing and supporting what scripture teaches, even on difficult topics.

biblical authority biblical inerrancy
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Introduction of View 4: The Utter Silence View

Mike introduces the most strict complementarian view, which limits women from nearly all public speech in church.

complementarianism utter silence view women's speech in church
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Interpolation View Hinge 1: No manuscript lacks these verses

Mike examines the manuscript evidence and finds that not a single manuscript omits 1 Corinthians 14:34-35.

1 Corinthians 14:34-35 1 Corinthians 14:40 textual criticism 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 manuscript evidence
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The relocation of verses to after verse 40 in some manuscripts

Mike explains that while no manuscripts omit the verses, some relocate them after verse 40.

1 Corinthians 14:40 textual criticism 1 Corinthians 14:40 manuscript relocation
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Anthony Thiselton's summary of the manuscript evidence

Mike quotes scholar Anthony Thiselton summarizing which manuscripts have the verses in which location.

Anthony Thiselton P46 manuscript D
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The displacement manuscripts likely derive from a single source

Mike explains that the handful of manuscripts with relocated verses may trace back to one scribal change.

textual criticism Gordon Fee A.C. Wire
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

A.C. Wire's analysis showing the displacement manuscripts are connected

Wire demonstrated that every displacement manuscript is either a Greek-Latin bilingual or Latin text with traceable connections.

manuscript D manuscript F manuscript G
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Conclusions from manuscript evidence: most scholars rightly reject interpolation

Mike summarizes what the manuscript evidence teaches about the authenticity of the passage.

Bruce Metzger manuscript evidence scribal alteration
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Key facts: earliest displacement is 4th century; earliest attestation is circa 200 AD in traditional spot

Mike presents the timeline evidence favoring the traditional placement.

P46 Ambrosiaster scripture integrity
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

J.M. Ross quote: we must accept unanimous manuscript testimony

Mike quotes Ross on the obligation to accept what all manuscripts attest.

manuscript evidence J.M. Ross scholarly bias
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Style Argument 1: Verses differ from the main theme of 1 Corinthians 12-14 -- rebutted

Mike refutes the claim that these verses do not fit the theme of chapters 12-14.

1 Corinthians 14:40 1 Corinthians 14:40 Pauline style church order
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Textual criticism principle: the reading that explains the other readings is likely original

Mike applies a standard textual criticism principle to the manuscript evidence.

lectio difficilior textual criticism principles
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Style Argument 3: The verses logically contradict 1 Corinthians 11:5

Mike addresses the argument that these verses contradict Paul's earlier allowance of women prophesying.

1 Corinthians 11:5 1 Corinthians 11:5 logical contradiction argument women prophesying
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Style Argument 4: Paul would never appeal to the law to endorse church discipline -- rebutted

Mike addresses the claim that Paul's reference to 'the law' in verse 34 is un-Pauline.

appeal to the law law and Christian behavior Andy Stanley
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul appeals to the law in 1 Corinthians 9:8-11 as a direct counterexample

Mike provides a clear example of Paul using the OT law to establish principles for Christian behavior.

1 Corinthians 9:8-11 Deuteronomy 25:4 1 Corinthians 9:8-11 Deuteronomy 25:4 ministerial support
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The interpolation view is reckless and threatens all of scripture

Mike gives his overall assessment of the interpolation view.

Gordon Fee interpolation theory scripture integrity
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

View 2 analysis: The Quotation-Refutation View and Beth Allison Barr's promotion of it

Mike begins analyzing the quotation-refutation view, noting Beth Allison Barr as a key proponent.

Beth Allison Barr The Making of Biblical Womanhood quotation-refutation view
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The Livy quotation parallel does not hold up under scrutiny

Mike examines Barr's claim that 1 Corinthians 14 echoes a secular quote from Livy.

Beth Allison Barr The Making of Biblical Womanhood Livy
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Extended analysis of the Livy passage shows different concepts than 1 Corinthians 14

Mike reads the broader Livy context to show it concerns political lobbying, not learning.

Livy political lobbying learning vs. requesting
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Greek hinge point: The disjunctive particle 'e' (eta) in verse 36

Mike examines the Greek word translated 'what' or 'or' in verse 36 that carries the entire weight of the refutation argument.

1 Corinthians 14:36 quotation-refutation view 1 Corinthians 14:36 e/eta (disjunctive particle)
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul never addresses the specific content he allegedly refutes

Mike highlights that if Paul is refuting verses 34-35, he never actually addresses any of the specific claims.

quotation-refutation view Pauline refutation style
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Walter Kaiser's argument from Thayer's lexicon and D.A. Carson's correction

Mike examines Walter Kaiser's 1986 Christianity Today article supporting the refutation view.

D.A. Carson e/eta (disjunctive particle) Walter Kaiser
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

D.A. Carson: every NT use of this particle in analogous constructions reinforces what precedes it

Mike presents Carson's comprehensive conclusion about the Greek particle.

Matthew 20:15 D.A. Carson e/eta (disjunctive particle) Thayer's lexicon
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The masculine gender of 'only' (monous) in verse 36 does not prove it addresses men specifically

Mike addresses the argument that the masculine word 'only' proves Paul is rebuking men, not the whole church.

1 Corinthians 14:36 1 Corinthians 14:36 D.A. Carson monous
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Pauline style argument for the refutation view: three points that fail

Mike addresses three ways proponents claim Paul would not have said what is in verses 34-35.

Genesis 2 1 Corinthians 11:8-10 Genesis 2 Gordon Fee Pauline style
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

What does 'the law' mean in 1 Corinthians 14:34?

Mike addresses the debate over what 'the law' refers to: Roman law, Jewish law, local custom, or the Old Testament.

the law Roman law Jewish oral law
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul uses 'the law' to refer to all of scripture, not just the Pentateuch

Mike argues that 'law' in Paul's usage can mean the Old Testament generally, citing 1 Corinthians 14:21.

1 Corinthians 14:21 Isaiah 28:11-12 John 12:34 1 Corinthians 14:21 Isaiah 28:11-12 John 12:34
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul's quotation-refutation style in known instances differs dramatically from 1 Corinthians 14

Mike compares how Paul actually does quotation-refutation elsewhere versus what is claimed here.

1 Corinthians 14:34-36 Pauline quotation-refutation style 1 Corinthians 14:34-36
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Paul's consistent pattern: he qualifies Corinthian slogans with wisdom rather than fully disagreeing

Mike shows from multiple examples that Paul never fully disagrees with Corinthian slogans.

1 Corinthians 6:12 1 Corinthians 10:23 Corinthian slogans 1 Corinthians 6:12 1 Corinthians 10:23
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

1 Corinthians 7:1 follows the same qualification pattern, not full disagreement

Mike provides another example of Paul's consistent style.

1 Corinthians 7:1 Pauline qualification pattern 1 Corinthians 7:1
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The refutation view has Paul rejecting submission -- something he teaches everywhere else

Mike points out that the refutation view would have Paul rejecting the concept of wifely submission.

Genesis 1-2 1 Peter 3 Ephesians (submission teaching) submission Genesis 1-2 1 Peter 3
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Education View Hinge 1: Why only women? Why not uneducated men too?

Mike presents the first critical hinge point that undermines the education view.

1 Corinthians 10:1 1 Corinthians 12:1 Plutarch agnoeo idiotes
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Education View Hinge 2: Why ALL women in EVERY church?

Mike presses the problem of universal scope for the education view.

Craig Keener universal scope women elders
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The education view fails the 'reread test'

Mike summarizes why the education view ultimately does not work.

education view reread test
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Problem 1 with the cult view: these cults were not exclusively or predominantly female

Mike shows that the claim that Bacchus worship was predominantly female is historically inaccurate.

Craig Keener cult of Isis cult of Cybele
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Introduction of View 4 analysis: The Utter Silence View

Mike begins analyzing the most strict complementarian view.

utter silence view women's speech prohibition
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The utter silence view has a plain reading advantage but relies on verses out of context

Mike acknowledges the surface-level appeal of this view while noting its limitations.

Luke 14:26 plain reading verses out of context Luke 14:26
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Utter Silence View Hinge 2: 1 Corinthians 11 proves women could prophesy publicly in church

Mike presents the strongest challenge to the utter silence view from within the same letter.

1 Corinthians 11:5 1 Corinthians 11:2-6 head coverings 1 Corinthians 11:5 women prophesying
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Acts 2 and the Joel prophecy: men and women prophesied publicly at Pentecost

Mike cites Acts 2 as scriptural evidence against the utter silence view.

Joel 2 Acts 2:15-18 Joel 2 women prophesying Acts 2:15-18
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

View 5 analysis: The Judging Prophecy View -- Mike's preferred interpretation

Mike presents the increasingly common complementarian view that the passage restricts women from judging/testing prophecy.

church authority judging prophecy view testing prophecy
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The scenario of a wife judging her husband's prophecy illustrates the authority problem

Mike illustrates why judging prophecy creates a specific submission/authority issue.

submission Anthony Thiselton marriage authority
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Judging Prophecy Hinge 1: Was testing prophecy a real practice in the early church?

Mike establishes that testing/judging prophecy was indeed a regular church practice.

1 John 4:1 1 Corinthians 12:10 1 John 4:1 testing prophecy 1 Corinthians 12:10
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

The doctrinal/theological nature of testing prophecy from 1 John 4:1-3

Mike shows that testing prophecy involved theological evaluation.

1 John 4:1-3 Mormonism 1 John 4:1-3 Christology test
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

1 Thessalonians 5:20-21 confirms testing prophecy was standard practice

Mike provides additional scriptural evidence for the practice of testing prophecy.

1 Thessalonians 5:20-21 testing prophecy 1 Thessalonians 5:20-21 prophecy vs. scripture
Mike Winger idea 2022-12-04

Debate over who judges prophecy: prophets, elders, or everyone?

Mike addresses the objection that it was prophets, not elders, who judged prophecy.

1 Corinthians 14:29 eldership Craig Keener 1 Corinthians 14:29
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