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All (317) Mike Winger (317)
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Burer-Wallace syntactical argument: dative = 'well known to,' genitive = 'well known among'

Mike explains the core syntactical argument of the paper.

Romans 16:7 Romans 16:7 Burer-Wallace paper (2001) Greek syntax
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Burer-Wallace conclusion: 'almost certainly' means well known to the apostles

Mike quotes the paper's strong conclusion.

Romans 16:7 NET Bible Romans 16:7 ESV
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Richard Bauckham's rebuttal in Gospel Women

Mike introduces the main scholarly pushback against Burer-Wallace.

Craig Blomberg Burer-Wallace paper (2001) Richard Bauckham
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Bauckham's key criticisms of Burer-Wallace

Mike summarizes Bauckham's main points.

Burer-Wallace paper (2001) Richard Bauckham Gospel Women
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Bauckham reevaluated examples but brought no new counter-evidence

Mike notes a limitation in Bauckham's rebuttal.

church fathers Richard Bauckham scholarly methodology
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Michael Burer's 2015 response paper with new evidence

Mike introduces a third round of scholarly debate that he thinks is underappreciated.

Romans 16:7 Linda Belleville Romans 16:7 Michael Burer
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Burer's 2015 paper brings 71 new supporting texts

Mike details the new evidence Burer marshals.

Romans 16:7 Romans 16:7 Michael Burer Burer 2015 paper
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Burer responds to Bauckham's specific example critiques and addresses Chrysostom

Mike evaluates Burer's defense against Bauckham's objections.

John Chrysostom John Chrysostom Michael Burer Richard Bauckham
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike's conclusion: Junia was probably not an apostle; if she was, she was a missionary

Mike states his overall conclusion on the Junia question.

Romans 16:7 Junia women's ministry Romans 16:7
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

N.T. Wright's claim: Mary Magdalene as 'apostle to the apostles'

Mike introduces and plays a clip from N.T. Wright's lecture.

Romans 16:7 Mary Magdalene N.T. Wright Romans 16:7
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike identifies equivocation in Wright's argument about apostle

Mike charges Wright with a logical fallacy.

Mary Magdalene N.T. Wright equivocation fallacy
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

The office of apostle involves more than witnessing the resurrection

Mike distinguishes the office of apostle from mere witness.

1 Corinthians Mary Magdalene apostolic office apostolic commission
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mary Magdalene is never called an apostle in Scripture

Mike notes a key absence in the biblical text.

Mary Magdalene argument from silence apostle title
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike critiques N.T. Wright's impact: meme-level arguments persuading many

Mike expresses frustration with the quality of Wright's argument on this topic.

N.T. Wright women in ministry debate popular argumentation
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Craig Keener's argument: Deborah as an Old Testament apostle equivalent

Mike addresses Keener's claim linking Deborah to apostleship.

Judges Deborah Judges Craig Keener
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Jesus is the new Moses, not the apostles

Mike rebuts the Moses-apostle equivalence.

Deuteronomy 18 Moses Jesus as new Moses Deuteronomy 18
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Better equivalence: women prophets in OT lead to women prophets in NT, not women apostles

Mike argues the egalitarian logic fails on its own terms.

hermeneutical methodology OT-NT equivalence women prophets
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike's conclusion: no female apostles in the official high-leadership sense

Mike summarizes the positive data section.

women as apostles apostolic office egalitarian arguments refuted
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Negative data: all twelve apostles were men

Mike presents the complementarian argument from the composition of the Twelve.

Craig Blomberg elder restriction the Twelve
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Egalitarian response: cultural reasons prevented women apostles

Mike presents and critiques the standard egalitarian counter-argument.

Craig Keener women in ministry debate cultural acquiescence argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike's experience researching egalitarian scholarship: layers of confusion

Mike shares his personal intellectual journey through the literature.

complementarianism egalitarian scholarship critique research methodology
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Unfalsifiability problem: can we distinguish God's design from cultural accommodation?

Mike challenges the egalitarian method at its core.

cultural accommodation unfalsifiable theory God's design for leadership
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Jesus chose apostles unlikely to be culturally accepted

Mike argues Jesus did not choose apostles based on cultural acceptability.

Matthew/tax collector Jesus' choice of apostles Matthew/tax collector Galilean fishermen
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Philip Payne's argument: traveling with Jesus full-time raised moral suspicions

Mike presents Payne's specific cultural argument.

Philip Payne moral suspicion argument women following Jesus
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike's rebuttals to Payne: practical solutions and Jesus' counter-cultural behavior

Mike offers multiple objections to Payne's cultural argument.

John 4 Philip Payne woman at the well John 4
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Jesus regularly broke cultural conventions and didn't avoid suspicion

Mike builds his case that Jesus was not concerned with cultural optics.

Luke 7:36-50 Philip Payne anointing by sinful woman Luke 7:36-50
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Payne's argument about married women's family obligations

Mike addresses Payne's second cultural objection.

Philip Payne married disciples women following from Galilee
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Five objections to Payne's cultural argument summarized

Mike itemizes his objections to the cultural-restriction thesis.

Philip Payne woman at the well cultural restriction argument
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Women traveled with Jesus and supported him financially

Mike cites biblical evidence that women were already traveling with Jesus.

Matthew 27:55-56 women following Jesus Matthew 27:55-56 women supporting Jesus financially
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Luke 8:1-3: Women traveled with Jesus like the apostles but were not apostles

Mike cites a key passage showing women's proximity to Jesus.

Luke 8:1-3 Mary Magdalene Joanna Susanna
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

All clear references to apostles indicate male gender

Mike addresses the argument that unnamed apostles might have been women.

Junia argument from silence all-male apostolate
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

1 Corinthians 9:5 implies all apostles were male with wives who were not apostles

Mike cites a passage he thinks is overlooked in this debate.

1 Corinthians 9:5 Cephas/Peter all-male apostolate 1 Corinthians 9:5
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Egalitarian contradiction: cultural restriction vs. Junia's early prominence

Mike identifies an internal contradiction in egalitarian reasoning.

Junia cultural accommodation Pentecost
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Mike's conclusions on women's roles: high view of women but not apostles

Mike begins his summary conclusions for the video.

soft complementarianism female deacons women's roles in NT
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Soft complementarianism is Mike's conclusion from the evidence

Mike names his overall position.

soft complementarianism elder restriction
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Pushback from previous video on female deacons and 1 Timothy 3:8-13

Mike responds to viewer objections about women as deacons.

1 Timothy 3:8-13 1 Timothy 3:8-13 deacon qualifications female deacons
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Verses 12-13 are about men, verse 11 is about women — not gender neutral

Mike clarifies the structure of the 1 Timothy 3 passage on deacons.

1 Timothy 3:11 Romans 16:1 1 Timothy 3:12-13 Phoebe husband of one wife 1 Timothy 3:11
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Pliny's letter to Trajan: early evidence of female deaconesses (c. 110 AD)

Mike provides extra-biblical historical evidence for female deacons.

Pliny the Younger Emperor Trajan Pliny's letter to Trajan
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-09

Preview of next video: prophecy argument, gifts arguments, universal priesthood

Mike previews the topics for part 6 of the series.

spiritual gifts prophecy argument priesthood of all believers
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Acts 8:1 — all believers scattered except the apostles, showing persecution targeted non-leaders

The persecution resulted in everyone fleeing Jerusalem except the apostles. If persecution targeted leaders, the non-leaders should have stayed.

Acts 8:1 persecution argument Acts 8:1
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Stephen was a deacon, not a high leader, yet he was stoned

Stephen's martyrdom further undermines the claim that persecution targeted only high leaders.

Acts 8 Stephen Acts 8 deacon
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

1 Corinthians 12:28 — 'administrating' (leadership) appears as a gift distinct from the office of teacher

Mike examines another gifts list.

1 Corinthians 12:28 apostles 1 Corinthians 12:28 kubernesis (administrating)
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Ephesians 4:11-12 is about offices (apostles, prophets, evangelists, shepherds/teachers) not about gifts applicable to the question

Mike examines Ephesians 4 but determines it is about offices, not gifts.

Ephesians 4:11-12 offices vs. gifts Ephesians 4:11-12 pastor-teacher
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Gifts do not seem gender-specific; leadership and teaching could be gifts women have

Mike's conclusion on the first part of the gifts argument.

apostles spiritual gifts offices vs. gifts
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

1 Corinthians 12:29-30 — Paul's rhetorical questions show not everyone is supposed to teach

Mike cites Paul's own words against the idea that all Christians should have a teaching ministry.

1 Corinthians 12:29-30 Philip Payne teaching ministry 1 Corinthians 12:29-30
Mike Winger idea 2022-05-30

Andronicus and Junia — debate about whether there were female apostles

Mike briefly mentions the debate about Junia's status as an apostle.

Romans 16:7 Romans 16:7 Andronicus and Junia female apostle debate
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Series recap: Videos 5-6 and complementarians also receiving correction

Mike positions himself as correcting both sides, though more strongly opposing egalitarianism.

soft complementarianism women apostles
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Does the silver bullet argument challenge the very idea of eldership itself?

Mike presses the egalitarian position to its logical conclusion.

logical consistency eldership authority
Mike Winger idea 2022-06-20

Jew/Gentile distinctions continued after conversion: Jews kept the law, Gentiles did not

Mike demonstrates that the Jew/Gentile pair retained functional differences in the early church.

Acts 10 Acts 15 1 Corinthians 7:18-20 Peter Acts 10 Jew/Gentile distinctions
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Principle: caring about witness doesn't make behavior merely cultural

Mike draws the general principle from the Titus 2 analysis.

Matthew 5:16 witness and transcultural commands Matthew 5:16
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