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All (1587) Scripture Commentary (229) Theology (15) Mike Winger (1342) Pulpit (1)
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Keener on verb borrowing: verse 22 borrows 'submit' from verse 21

Mike examines a grammatical argument about the Greek text.

Ephesians 5:21-22 Craig Keener hypotasso Ephesians 5:21-22
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Keener redefines 'submit' to mean self-sacrificial service

Mike critiques Keener's redefinition of submission.

Craig Keener redefinition of submit love as submission
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Red flag: claiming Paul uses a word differently than everyone in his culture understood it

Mike offers a hermeneutical principle about word redefinition claims.

hermeneutical principle Talmud word meaning in cultural context
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Keener redefines wife's submission as 'only respect' based on Ephesians 5:33

Mike critiques a second redefinition of key terminology.

Ephesians 5:33 Craig Keener hypotasso Ephesians 5:33
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Paul devotes more space to husbands loving than wives submitting -- what does this mean?

Mike evaluates the significance of the imbalanced space given to each instruction.

Ephesians 5 Craig Keener Ephesians 5 space devoted to instructions
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Complementarian heart: different roles, unequal authority, equal value, focused on serving Jesus

Mike articulates the core complementarian vision.

complementarianism equal value different roles
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Titus 2:3-10 refutes the 'careful balancing act' theory about Ephesians 5

Mike uses Titus 2 to show Paul doesn't always balance instructions to both sexes.

Titus 2:3-10 Titus 2:3-10 imbalanced instructions careful balancing theory
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Paul uses hypotasso for bond servants and rulers with clear obedience meaning

Mike shows Paul's consistent usage of the word submit across contexts.

Titus 2:9 Titus 3:1 hypotasso Titus 2:9 Titus 3:1
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

BDAG lexicon definition of hypotasso: 'to cause to be in a submissive relationship, to subject, to subordinate'

Mike appeals to the authoritative Greek lexicon.

BDAG hypotasso lexical definition
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

How Paul IS different from his culture (complementarian distinctives)

Mike distinguishes Paul's teaching from both Roman culture and egalitarianism.

Ephesians 5 self-sacrificial love Ephesians 5 Paul's cultural distinctiveness
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Ancient household codes typically told men what BOTH spouses should do; Paul doesn't

Mike highlights a genuine innovation in Paul's approach.

Ephesians 5-6 household codes personal responsibility Ephesians 5-6
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

How Paul is NOT different from his culture: submit meant authority imbalance to everyone

Mike identifies where Paul aligns with cultural understanding.

original audience understanding hypotasso hermeneutical principle
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Both Paul's culture and Paul valued love in marriage and opposed wife abuse

Mike corrects the misconception that love and non-abuse were Paul's innovations.

love in ancient culture love as command wife abuse in ancient world
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Alternative egalitarian view: Paul meant authority imbalance but only for that culture

Mike addresses the 'cultural binding' interpretation of Ephesians 5.

internal contradiction Craig Keener cultural binding
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Titus 2 as test case: 'that the word of God may not be reviled' doesn't make things merely cultural

Mike provides extended analysis of whether evangelistic purpose equals cultural binding.

Titus 2:1-10 word of God not reviled Titus 2:1-10 cultural vs transcultural
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Principle: caring about witness doesn't make behavior merely cultural

Mike draws the general principle from the Titus 2 analysis.

Matthew 5:16 witness and transcultural commands Matthew 5:16
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Introduction to the slavery objection

Mike introduces the final major egalitarian argument.

Craig Keener slavery objection Paul, Women and Wives
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

The slavery objection's logic: same reasons for submission = same rules apply

Mike explains the logical structure of the slavery objection.

Craig Keener slavery objection logic same principles test
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Two reasons Keener connects slavery and marriage: ancient codes and NT parallels

Mike identifies the two pillars of the slavery-marriage connection.

Craig Keener household codes slavery-marriage parallel
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Keener gives only one ancient source (Aristotle's Politics) for slavery-marriage connection

Mike investigates Keener's evidence from ancient household codes.

Craig Keener Aristotle household codes
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Aristotle actually distinguishes between reasons for female submission and slave obedience

Mike analyzes Aristotle's actual text on the slavery-marriage connection.

Aristotle Politics (Aristotle) deliberative faculty
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Aristotle quote: 'the free man rules over the slave after another manner from that in which the man rules over the female'

Mike finds a decisive Aristotle quote that refutes the slavery-marriage parallel.

Aristotle Politics (Aristotle) different bases for authority
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Keener claims the NT bases slave obedience on same principles as wifely submission -- but never demonstrates this

Mike addresses the second pillar of the slavery objection.

Craig Keener Kevin Giles NT slavery-marriage parallel
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Biblical justifications for wifely submission vs slave obedience are completely different

Mike lists the actual biblical reasons for each and compares them.

Titus 2:5 1 Corinthians 14:34 1 Corinthians 11:3 creation order Titus 2:5 1 Corinthians 14:34
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Biblical reasons for slave obedience: purely situational, not creation-grounded

Mike examines what the NT actually says about why slaves should obey.

Ephesians 6:5-8 Titus 2:9-10 Ephesians 6:5-8 Titus 2:9-10 slavery not creation-grounded
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Ephesians 6:5-9 to masters: threats and divine judgment, not divine institution

Mike reads the slave passage to show its different character from the marriage passage.

Ephesians 6:5-9 Ephesians 6:5-9 divine impartiality warning to masters
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Key difference: slaves told to get free if possible; wives never told to escape marriage

Mike identifies the most decisive difference between the two relationships.

1 Corinthians 7:21 1 Corinthians 7:23 1 Corinthians 7:21 1 Corinthians 7:23 slavery vs marriage
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

God views slavery as bad throughout Scripture; marriage as good and God-ordained

Mike contrasts the biblical evaluation of slavery vs marriage.

Exodus narrative Exodus narrative slavery in Scripture marriage as God-ordained
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Comprehensive list of differences between wives and slaves in Scripture

Mike provides a systematic comparison.

Ephesians 5-6 Ephesians 5-6 wives vs slaves comparison slavery objection refutation
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Better parallel is wives and children, not wives and slaves

Mike suggests a more appropriate comparison.

Proverbs on discipline Ephesians 6:1-4 wives-children parallel Proverbs on discipline Ephesians 6:1-4
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Internal contradiction in egalitarian interpretations: mutual submission AND cultural binding cannot both be true

Mike identifies a fundamental tension in the egalitarian case.

internal contradiction Craig Keener mutual submission vs cultural binding
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Final conclusions: Biblical submission is not oppression when paired with husband's Christ-like love

Mike delivers his final summary.

complementarianism submission not oppression co-heirs in Christ
Mike Winger idea 2022-08-15

Preview of next video: head coverings (1 Corinthians 11)

Mike previews the next topic in the series.

1 Corinthians 11 head coverings 1 Corinthians 11 ancient Roman practices
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Introduction to part 3 of the Women in Ministry series, covering an exhaustive study on all the Bible teaches on the topic.

Series introduction and framing

women in ministry complementarianism egalitarianism
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Definitions of egalitarian and complementarian positions.

Setting up key terms for the discussion

complementarianism egalitarianism elder
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Real believers exist on both sides, but the issue still matters.

Framing the tone of the debate

women in ministry charitable debate
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Summary of video 1: removing obstacles and presuppositions that cause people to bypass the Bible on this topic.

Recap of previous videos in the series

women in ministry presuppositions hermeneutics
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Summary of video 2: Genesis 1-3 establishes husband's leadership in relation to his wife, but not men over women generally.

Recap of previous videos in the series

Genesis 2 Genesis 1 Genesis 3 dominion Genesis 2 husband leadership
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Overview of today's topics: women in OT leadership positions — Deborah as judge, female prophets, and the priesthood restriction.

Road map for video 3

judges Deborah priesthood Miriam
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Warning: OT data consists mostly of examples, not direct teachings, making it difficult to derive rules.

Hermeneutical framework for OT examples

hermeneutics examples vs. teaching culture
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

The NT has direct teaching; the OT must be harmonized with it for a comprehensive view.

Hermeneutical framework for OT examples

hermeneutics priesthood comprehensive biblical view
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Genesis 1 recap: women are made in God's image and have authority to subdue creation just as men do.

Detailed summary of video 2 conclusions on Genesis 1

Genesis 1 image of God dominion Genesis 1
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Genesis 2 recap: six indicators of Adam's pre-fall leadership over Eve.

Detailed summary of video 2 conclusions on Genesis 2

1 Timothy 2 Genesis 2 1 Corinthians 11:9-10 creation order pre-fall leadership 1 Timothy 2
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Genesis 3 recap: the curse does not initiate role distinctions; it brings difficulty into pre-existing ones.

Detailed summary of video 2 conclusions on Genesis 3

Genesis 3 Genesis 3:16 creation order Genesis 3 Genesis 3:16
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Recap: Mike rejects the 'helper' argument and the 'serpent subverted leadership pattern' argument, but affirms the cumulative force of Genesis 2 indicators.

Detailed summary of video 2 conclusions

Genesis 2 hermeneutics cumulative case original audience
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Summary conclusion so far: husband's authority is pre-fall and part of God's design, but it should not limit women's dominion over creation.

Final recap before moving into new material

Genesis 2 image of God dominion Genesis 2
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Both egalitarians and complementarians can learn from surveying OT women in leadership; complementarians tend to minimize these women.

Setting up the survey of OT examples

John Piper John Piper Deborah complementarianism
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Some complementarians believe women shouldn't have authority over men in any sphere — marriage, church, or society.

Describing the range of complementarian views

complementarianism patriarchalism three spheres of authority
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

The worst complementarian approach is to ignore OT women; egalitarians tend to maximize and stretch the data, exemplified by Linda Belleville.

Critique of both sides' handling of OT evidence

Linda Belleville complementarianism egalitarianism
Mike Winger idea 2022-03-28

Aimee Byrd claims Huldah canonized the Torah by her prophecy — Mike calls this utterly ridiculous stretching.

Example of egalitarian over-reaching

Huldah Aimee Byrd Recovering from Biblical Manhood and Womanhood
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